1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 530（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Students Starting Their Own Businesses. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below.目前有不少大学生开始创业1对此不少人给予了肯定2也有人有不同的看法3我认为Students Starting T
2、heir Own Businesses二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information
3、given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 The End of the Cash EraIn the spring Adam Smith will replace Sir Edward Elgar as the face on Britains 20 note. The first economic thin
4、ker to be so honored could well be the last. Not because economists are especially undeserving, but because cash, after millennia as one of mankinds most versatile and enduring technologies, looks set over the next 15 years or so finally to melt away into an electronic stream of ones and zeros. If a
5、n era is represented by its money, the information age is at hand.Notes and coins are already a small fraction of the money in most rich countries. But going by the number of transactions rather than their value, we still live firmly in a cash society. The European Payments Council estimates that th
6、e European Unions 360 billion cash transactions cost at least 50 billion a year; others put the bill at 200 a head. Visa, a huge credit-card alliance, reckons cash accounts for most of the $1.3 trillion spent a year across the world on small-ticket items. Whether queuing to get money out and queuing
7、 again to spend it, or breaking a $100 bill with an irate (发怒的) cab driver one minute and having your pockets and purses fat with coins the next, cash is plainly still king.Yet signs of the new order are everywhere. On February 12th, 19 telephone operators with networks in over 100 countries said th
8、at people would be able to use their handsets to send money abroad. MasterCard will operate the system in which remittances (汇款) will be sent as text messages. For people without bank accounts, the credit can be converted into pre-paid cards which can then be used to buy things. “It will revolutioni
9、ze the money-transfer business,“ said Sunil Bharti Mittal, boss of Bharti Airtel, one of Indias biggest mobile operators. The idea is to tap into the more than $250 billion a year that immigrants and migrant workers send to relatives and friends back home.Britains Vodafone and Americas Citigroup are
10、 also launching an international money-transfer service developed from the M-PESA remittance service which is already operating successfully within Kenya. Sir John Bond, formerly chairman of the HSBC banking group and now chairman of Vodafone, has long been convinced that payments and mobiles would
11、somehow converge. “Mobile phones have the ability to make a dramatic change to village life in Africa,“ he says. He also thinks phones loaded with credit will make many of the payments people use cash for in rich economies. For banks with high infrastructure costs, says Sir John, it has always “been
12、 hard to make money out of small payments“. But lower-cost business models, some of them from developing countries, are opening up new opportunities. The big attraction of the mobile phone as a purse is that so many people have them even children.Both MasterCard and Visa have recently introduced pla
13、stic cards in America that do not have to be swiped for purchases under $25. Later this year a “dual interface“ system will be tested in London. It will involve a single plastic card which combines an Oyster for travel, a standard Visa card issued by Britains Barclays Bank for “chip and PEST“ paymen
14、ts and a new “wave and pay“ Visa for instant transactions up to 10.Nobody can be sure how fast bits and bytes will drive out metal and paper. A hundred years ago you could still pay your taxes in Uganda in cowrie shells. Perhaps hard cash will always find a niche, tucked away in childrens birthday c
15、ards and as money for the unbanked and phoneless. But most of the time a phone or a smart card that can be waved over an electronic reader will beat notes and coins hands-down. The doubt and the remaining obstacle to digital money concerns a third property of cash: its anonymity. Greshams law vs Moo
16、res lawRendering cash as pure information is the final denial of the notion that money has intrinsic value: what was once a carefully weighed piece of gold, silver or bronze has become simply a token. That is a hard-won truth. As John Maynard Keynes once lamented, when it appears governments are abl
17、e to deceive their citizens by depreciating the currency.Yet when money is minted (铸造) from silicon something remarkable happens. The economics of handling cash which today involves thick-necked men in crash-helmets is suddenly embodied by Moores law, which has seen the cost of computer-processing p
18、ower fall by half every 18 months or so. Electronic information is instantaneous, weightless and exact. No longer the miserable fumbling through coat pockets while a line of waiting customers quietly fumes. Shopkeepers can do away with expensive cash floats and elaborate ruses to stop cash fraud suc
19、h as charging $4.99 so that the $5 bill most people hand over has to pass through the till (现金出纳机 的抽屉) for one cent change rather than being trousered by a shop assistant.Information-money can be handled by any information-processing device. That includes the mobile phone, which can add to moneys ut
20、ility in that its screen can display information clearly and it can link to your bank as a mobile ATM at any time. Visa thinks a contactless digital transaction takes less than half the time of a cash one and that people liberated from what happens to be in their wallets spend a fifth more.Which is
21、why digital cash is now solving its chicken-and-egg problem. In the past shopkeepers would not install systems unless shoppers had electronic cash. And shoppers would not use electronic cash unless they had something to buy. But smart cards and readers have become cheap and consumers now possess mob
22、ile phones in droves. The trillions of payments that are too small to bear the fees of paying by credit card have come within reach and almost everyone stands to gain. Some Japanese merchants have already begun to offer discounts to people using electronic cash. Others will follow. The buck stops he
23、reExcept there is that nagging question of anonymity. It is well known that privacy has a lot going for it. The firms running payment systems might sell information about what you buy and when. Prepare yourself for a barrage of e-coupons and offers designed to fit your profile and uploaded to your p
24、hone. And there are more serious concerns. In the cash world, anonymity can be a cloak for wrong doing. The suspicion clings that where you find anonymity you find drugs, fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing and a huge amount of tax evasion.No wonder governments have long sought to control a
25、nonymous financial instruments. The state is certain to limit the amount that can pass through an anonymous card, phone, or other means of business. Eager to collect taxes from builders and nannies, it will also be tempted to monitor electronic-cash payments.Whether it does so is a political questio
26、n, not a technological one. You can design payment systems that protect against fraud and yet preserve anonymity, just as you can design open systems or those that keep your identity secret unless the authorities demand that it be revealed.When it comes to trading convenience against privacy, most p
27、eople seem to back convenience every time. With cash, however, it might be different. The more the state intrudes into electronic cash, the more it encourages inefficient notes and coin. From the first slave who bought his freedom, money has been what Dostoyevsky called “coined liberty“. As Adam Smi
28、th would no doubt have observed, just because the state can pry into electronic cash does not mean it should.2 Why could Adam Smith be the last economist as the face on a bank note?（A）No economic thinker could be more honorable.（B） Cash is very versatile and enduring.（C） We will not need money in th
29、e near future.（D）Electronic money will replace cash in the future.3 The second paragraph mainly indicates that_.（A）notes and coins play a less important role than before（B） cash still dominates the economic life in the society（C） we dont need as much money in flow as goods value（D）there are many inc
30、onveniences in cash transactions4 According to Sunil Bharti Mittal, what will revolutionize the traditional money-transfer business?（A）Alliance of telephone operators and MasterCard.（B） The large demand of immigrants and migrant workers.（C） Sending money by text messages.（D）International telephone n
31、etworks.5 What does the chairman of Vodafone John Bond think of banks?（A）They can hardly get profit out of small payments.（B） They may disappear in the near future just like cash.（C） They have greatly changed village life in Africa.（D）They hold a primary role in the money-transfer business.6 Visa wi
32、ll introduce a new “wave and pay“ card in London for purchases_.（A）under $25（B） under 10（C） abroad（D）in traveling7 According to John Maynard Keynes, when can governments use devaluation of currency to take in people?（A）When value is inherent in money.（B） When metal currency becomes a token.（C） When
33、cash cant be used anonymously.（D）When Moores law begins to work.8 According to Visa, transactions by mobile ATMs can encourage spending by_.（A）18%（B） 5%（C） 0.4（D）0.29 More and more Japanese shopkeepers encourage using electronic cash by_10 To limit wrong doing, governments have long been trying to c
34、ontrol_11 More people would use notes and coin to protect_when electronic cash payments are under strict monitoring.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was
35、said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）He does not have a good hearing.（B） He has been driving madly for a year.（C
36、） He never takes what she says seriously.（D）He is always impatient with her.（A）She lost a finger.（B） Someone hit her in the nose.（C） She became a surgical nurse.（D）She had an operation on her nose.（A）Attending the party.（B） Visiting some friends.（C） Studying for an exam.（D）Writing a letter of apolog
37、y.（A）Teachers like Prof. Johnson are rare.（B） Prof. Johnson has won a million dollars.（C） There are many teachers as good as Prof. Johnson.（D）Prof. Johnson is likely to be teaching at that school.（A）She did well on the test.（B） Shes going away for a while.（C） She didnt have to work hard for the exam
38、.（D）She worked hard and earned a lot of money.（A）He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.（B） He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.（C） He doesnt think the Browns investment is a wise move.（D）He doesnt think the Browns should move to another place.（A）The man can use her co
39、mputer.（B） She cant afford a computer right now.（C） She cant finish her assignment, either.（D）The man should buy a computer right away.（A）Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.（B） Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their school.（C） The guest lecturers opinion is different from D
40、r. Johnsons.（D）The economist and Dr. Johnson come from different schools. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（A）Students receive credit for work experience.（B） The professor videotapes class lectures for review.（C） Classes are held at various locations throughout th
41、e area.（D）Students are not required to attend regular class lectures.（A）It doesnt require any examinations.（B） It promotes the concept of self-learning.（C） It allows more flexibility in students schedule.（D）It allows students to meet teachers from other universities.（A）It will increase class size.（B
42、） It limits interaction among students.（C） It requires too much traveling to different cities.（D）It will force students to watch too much television.（A）Being outdoors.（B） The bad weather.（C） The danger of driving at night.（D）Dealing with different people.（A）Driving in unsettled weather.（B） Taking lo
43、ng drives outside the city.（C） Meeting interesting people in the city.（D）Being able to enjoy the world of nature.（A）Different in personality.（B） Rude to women drivers.（C） Rather difficult to please.（D）Talkative and generous with tips.（A）She complains a lot.（B） She plans to quit her job.（C） She is ve
44、ry familiar with the city.（D）She is often criticized by her customers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choos
45、e the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Divorce Rate.（B） Fathers Incorporated.（C） Single-parent families.（D）Childrens care in single-parent families.（A）With their father.（B） With their mother.（C） With their grandparents.（D）Part of the time with mother, part with father.（A）Men
46、 need not do the job.（B） Men can not do the job.（C） Men should not do the job.（D）Men can also do the job as well as women.（A）It will cover more big political affairs.（B） It will cover less disasters.（C） It will cover more scientific research.（D）It wont be printed in publishing houses.（A）What you are
47、 interested in.（B） The most important news.（C） A menu of political stories.（D）Local and international news.（A）They will die out.（B） They do good to each other.（C） They focus on different news.（D）They compete with each other.（A）He thinks neither of the work patterns is good.（B） He believes that longe
48、r working hours is better.（C） He prefers shorter working hours to longer ones.（D）He says nothing certain about which pattern is better.（A）Spain.（B） France.（C） America.（D）Germany.（A）Americans are happier than Europeans.（B） The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.（C） People all over the world
49、 choose to work less when they are richer.（D）Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.（A）Staying at Home（B） Work and Happiness（C） Work and Productivity（D）Americans and EuropeansSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 w
