1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 575（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Have a Meaningful Graduation? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1现在毕业形式多种多样2一些不恰当的毕业形式开始风靡校园3如何有意义地毕业How to Have a Meaningful Graduati
2、on?二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pas
3、sage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Obamas War on SchoolsOver the past year,I have traveled the nation speaking to nearly 100,000 educators , parents, and school-board members. No matter
4、 the city, state, or region, those who know schools best are frightened for the future of public education, since they see no one in a position of leadership who understands the damage being done to their schools by federal policies.They feel keenly betrayed by President Obama. Most voted for him,ho
5、ping he would reverse the ruinous No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation of George W. Bush. But Obama has not sought to turn back NCLB. His own approach, called Race to the Top, is even more punitive than NCLB. And though over the past week the president has repeatedly called on Congress to amend t
6、he law, his proposed reforms are largely cosmetic and would leave the worst aspects of NCLB intact.Texas miracleThe theory behind NCLB was that schools would improve dramatically if every child in grades 3 to 8 were tested every year and the results made public. Texas did exactly this, and advocates
7、 claimed it had seen remarkable results: test scores went up, the achievement gap between students of different races was closing,and graduation rates rose. At the time,a few scholars questioned the claims of a “Texas miracle,“ but Congress didnt listen.In fact,the “Texas miracle“ never happened. On
8、 federal tests,the states reading scores for eighth-grade students were flat from 1998 to 2009. And just weeks ago, former first lady Barbara Bush wrote an opinion piece in the Houston Chronicle opposing education budget cuts on the grounds that Texas students ranked in the bottom 10 percent in math
9、 and literacy nationally. After two decades of testing and accountability, Texas students have certainly not experienced a miracle when judged by the very measures that were foisted (把强加于) on students across the nation.Standardized-test scores orientatedNCLB mandated (要求) that 100 percent of student
10、s be proficient in reading and math by 2014. Any school not on track to meet this Utopian goalone never reached by any nation in the worldwould face a series of sanctions, culminating in the firing of the staff and the closing of the school. As 2014 nears,tens of thousands of schools have been stigm
11、atized (诬蔑 ) as failures,thousands of educators have been fired, and schools that were once the anchors of their communities are closing, replaced in many cases by privately managed schools. NCLB turns out to be a timetable for the destruction of public education.Because of the punitive character of
12、 the federal law, educators struggle to meet their testing targets. Many districts have reduced time for the arts, history, science, civics, foreign languages, physical education , literature, and geography. They devote more time to preparing students for the state tests in basic skills,which will d
13、etermine the life or death of their schools. Some districts,such as Atlanta,have experienced cheating scandals. Some states, such as New York, lowered the passing mark on their tests to increase the number of students who were allegedly proficient.Standardized-test scores can provide useful informat
14、ion about how students are doing. But as soon as the scores are tied to firing staff,giving bonuses,and closing schools,the measures become the goal of education,rather than an indicator.So now come President Obama and Education Secretary Arne Duncan with their Race to the Top program. The administr
15、ation invited the states to compete for $ 4.3 billion in a time of fiscal distress. To qualify, states had to agree to evaluate teachers by student test scores, to award bonuses to teachers based on student scores,to permit more privately managed charter schools,and to “turn around“ low-performing s
16、chools by such methods as firing the staffs and closing the schools.Race to the TopRace to the Top went even beyond NCLB in its reliance on test scores as the ultimate measure of educational quality. It asserts that teachers alonenot students or families or economic statusare wholly responsible for
17、whether test scores go up or down. Now teachers rightly feel scape-goated for conditions that are often beyond their control. They know that if students dont come to school regularly, if they are chronically ill,if they are homeless or hungry,their test scores will suffer. But teachers alone are acc
18、ountable.The Obama agenda for testing, accountability, and choice bears a resemblance to the Republican agenda of the past 30 years,but with one significant difference. Republicans have traditionally been cautious of federal control of the schools. Duncan, however, appreciates the opportunity to pro
19、mote his policies with the financial weight of the federal government.The coming together between the Obama agenda and the Republican agenda became clear in the fall of 2009, when Duncan traveled the country with Newt Gingrich to promote Race to the Top. And on March 5 of this year, President Obama
20、flew to Florida to celebrate the test-score gains at a high school in Miami with former governor Jeb Bush, one of the nations most vocal proponents of conservative approaches to education reform.In his recent State of the Union address, Obama rightly asserted that we must encourage innovation, imagi
21、nation,and creativity so we can “win the future. “ But the federal governments emphasis on standardized tests undermines that lofty goal. Drilling children on how to take tests discourages innovation and creativity,punishes divergent thinking,and prioritizes skills over knowledge. And the endless ho
22、urs devoted to test preparation certainly deaden students interest in school.Emboldened by the Obama administration, as well as by hundreds of millions of dollars from the Bill to determine whether antioxidant supplements reduce mortality in either healthy people or in people with diseases. Conclusi
23、on:“ We found no evidence to support antioxidant supplements for primary or secondary prevention, and Vitamin A and E may increase mortality. “ In analyses of antioxidant supplements and Lou Gehrigs disease, Alzheimers or mild cognitive impairment, and lung cancer, the Cochrane scientists verdict wa
24、s the same: no. And each analysis had an alarming refrain about increasing overall mortality.Its not clear why antioxidants in supplement form might be so dangerous. One idea holds that at high doses they become pro-oxidants,stimulating the harmful DNA- and cell-damaging reactions theyre supposed to
25、 prevent. But a more likely explanation is that we are seeing the human version of what scientists are finding in studies of lab animals: antioxidants interfere with immune-system cells that fight infection and cancer.53 The most important function of some free radicals neutralized by antioxidants i
26、s_.（A）loading up on antioxidants（B） fighting toxins and cancer cells（C） protecting pathogens and DNA（D）absorbing antioxidant supplements54 David Bradleys Reactive Reports indicates it is_.（A）harmful for us to prevent from antioxidant supplements（B） good for us to fight against the oxidizing agents（C
27、） unwise for us to take antioxidant supplements（D）necessary for us to fight against aging and illness55 The Cochrane Collaboration have found antioxidant supplements could_.（A）reduce the mortality of unhealthy people（B） increase the overall mortality of people（C） reduce the overall mortality of peop
28、le（D）reduce the mortality of healthy people56 High doses of antioxidant supplements are assumed dangerous to human body because they can_.（A）damage DNA pro-oxidants and regular cells（B） oxidize cancer cells and the harmful DNA（C） fight against pathogens in human immune system（D）stimulate harmful rea
29、ctions to human bodies57 From the end of the passage,we can infer that_.（A）antioxidants can destroy human immune system（B） antioxidants can damage animal immune system（C） most research results are based on lab animals（D）we need to do more researches on lab animals57 Global warming, after all, isnt j
30、ust about hotter summers. As the earths temperatures rise, scientists speculate, there will be a lot more than warming going on. The change in ocean temperatures and sea levels will affect everything from rain patterns to wind direction. But how much of that is already happening, and how much is spe
31、culation?Though weve seen increasingly unusual weather patterns in recent years,its important to separate individual instances of extreme weather from the broader category of climate change. Those heavy snows from last winter, according to researchers at Columbia University, were the result of two l
32、arge colliding weather frontsprobably just a natural aberration (越轨 ), rather than necessarily a symptom of climate change. And tornado in Brooklyn was definitely bizarreit occurred not only in a part of the country not known for touchdowns,but also during an unusual time of day and season and in th
33、e midst of a regional drought. However,it cant be precisely pinned on global warming.Still,recent research has begun to show that at least in some cases, those altered and extreme weather patterns can be definitively linked to global warming. A just-released analysis by researchers at Duke Universit
34、y shows thats the case for summertime weather in the southeastern United States. Eleven of the past 30 summers were either abnormally wet or abnormally dry in the Southeastern states. And there were twice as many instances of “ extreme“ rainfall as there had been compared to the rainfall during the
35、30 preceding summers. Summer weather in that part of the countryalong with that of the entire eastern U. S. .Western Europe,and North Africa,is influenced by the North Atlantic subtropical high (NASH) ,a high-pressure system that has intensified an average of 0.9 geo-potential meters (位势 米) every de
36、cade over the past 60 years.In laymans terms,that means that the system extended higher and higher above sea level,making NASH more powerful. And its reach extended in other ways too; the area of the system grew, meaning that it came westward, closer to the eastern coast of the United States, and al
37、so increased its north-south movement. But slight shifts in NASHs path can have a big impact;If NASH goes slightly more northward than usual，it can make for a dry summer; southward, and the summer is an extremely wet one. Researchers at Duke say they thoroughly investigated naturally occurring pheno
38、mena for the growth of NASH,but found no seemingly reasonable explanations. They concluded that the change is a result of alterations to the climate that were caused by humans.More dramatic are the claims that global warming could bring about or aggravate civil wars in Africa because of agricultural
39、 resources scarcity. That may or may not come about, but the broader lesson seems to be that even if science hasnt yet formally connected all the dots on climate change,we should expect the unexpected.58 What is the authors attitude towards scientists speculation?（A）Skeptical.（B） Careless.（C） Ironic
40、al.（D）Critical.59 What can we learn about tornado in Brooklyn according to Paragraph 2?（A）It was the result of two large colliding cold fronts.（B） It occurred in a place where tornado scarcely occurs.（C） It occurred in an unusual rainy season.（D）It was strange and caused by global warming.60 What is
41、 the finding of the Duke University research?（A）All altered and extreme weather patterns are linked to global warming.（B） Southeastern U. S. s abnormal summer was relevant to global warming.（C） Summers in southeast America were either abnormally wet or dry.（D）Abnormal summer weather in the entire U.
42、 S. was caused by NASH.61 How does NASH make the weather abnormal?（A）It intensifies its core by about 0.9 geo-potential meters per decade.（B） It grows and comes westward to the eastern coast of U. S. at high speed.（C） Its slightly aberration from usual path makes the weather abnormal.（D）Its irregula
43、r shape and density make the weather abnormal.62 What is the main idea of this passage?（A）Discussing whether global warming is responsible for extreme weather.（B） Conforming global warming is responsible for the formation of NASH.（C） Describing the severe situations of global warming on the earth.（D
44、）Calling for people to struggle against global warming and extreme weather.三、Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.62 In our society, wor
45、k is identified with a job; it is done for an employer and for money; unpaid activities do not count as work. For example, the work【C1】_by women and men in households is not【C2 】_any economic value; yet this work equals, in monetary terms, two-thirds of the total【C3】_of wages and salaries paid by al
46、l the【C4】_in the United States. On the other hand,work in paid jobs is no longer【C5 】_for many who want it. Being unemployed carries an ill【 C6】_; people lose status and respect in their own and others eyes【C7 】_they are unable to get work.At the same time those who do have jobs very often have to【C
47、8】_work in which they cannot take any pride, work that leaves them【C9】_alienated and dissatisfied. Workers have no【C10】_about the use to which their work is【C11】_, and cannot identify in any meaningful way【C12】_the production process. The modem industrial worker no longer feels responsible for his w
48、ork【 C13】_takes pride in it. The result is products that show less and less craft,【C14】_quality or taate. Thus work has become【C15】_degraded; from the workers point of view, its only purpose is to earn a【C16】_. This state of affairs is in sharp【C17】_to traditional societies in which ordinary women a
49、nd men were engaged in a【C18】_variety of activities, all of them useful, skilled and【C19】_work. In our society most people are not satisfied with their work and hold an opinion that recreation is the main focus of their lives.【C20】_work has become opposed to leisure, and the latter is served by a huge industry featuring resource and energy-intensive gadgetscomputer games,speedboats and snowm
