1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 38（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the topic “Skipping Classes on College Campus“ You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your e
2、ssay on Answer Sheet 1.1现在大学校园里逃课现象时有发生；2分析学生逃课的原因；3如何遏制逃课现象。Section A（A）Return and borrow books in the library.（B） Go to work in the library.（C） Return books in the library and buy 2 books in the bookstore for his mother.（D）Write out list of books his mother wants to read.（A）She went shopping.（B） S
3、he did some sewing.（C） She repaired her car.（D）She bought some tobacco.（A）Their son will be a little bit influenced.（B） Their son will not take the examination owing to the weather.（C） The weather will affect their son severely.（D）The weather will not make any difference to their son.（A）He can talk
4、to her a few minutes later.（B） He must wait for a long time.（C） Hed better speak to her at once.（D）He can have a long talk with her.（A）Press the “process“ key.（B） Insert his card.（C） Memorize his personal number.（D）Insert some coins.（A）The woman expects the man to make an important decision.（B） The
5、mans father is a very successful banker.（C） They are both making a future plan.（D）The man is not going to succeed in his fathers business.（A）Classmates.（B） Boss and secretary.（C） Husband and wife.（D）Teacher and student.（A）Doctor and patient.（B） Daughter and mother.（C） Passenger and bus driver.（D）Cus
6、tomer and merchant.（A）What the mans plans are for tonight.（B） Why the man does not want to play tennis.（C） Why they do not have time to play tennis after class today.（D）What time they can meet in the library.（A）Yesterday before dinner.（B） Two days ago.（C） Last weekend.（D）One week ago.（A）Let him win
7、a tennis game.（B） Help him finish his anthropology project.（C） Give him some medicine for his stomach.（D）Lend him her anthropology book.（A）They are looking for an apartment to live in.（B） They are discussing living places and childrens education.（C） They are complaining about their children.（D）They
8、are planning for the next weekend.（A）Theres much to do besides work and study.（B） Its convenient for people to go anywhere.（C） The natural environment is beneficial to children.（D）The countryside is a perfect place for weekends.（A）The children are too young to benefit from city life.（B） Even adults
9、themselves cannot go everywhere in the city.（C） There is a lot to see and do for children and adults.（D）There isnt a lot to see and do for children.（A）She is a full-time housewife.（B） She does not care for her children.（C） She used to live in the suburbs in her childhood.（D）She will go to a museum n
10、ext weekend.Section B（A）For scientific study.（B） For field guides.（C） For entertainment.（D）For some film background.（A）Finding birds for recording.（B） Finding quiet areas for recording.（C） Finding animals for recording.（D）Finding mammals for recording.（A）Attracting mates.（B） Staking out their territ
11、ories.（C） Hearing each other.（D）Sleeping.（A）Parties suggest candidates for office.（B） The two major parties often have the same platform.（C） Political parties use money from fund-raising to get their candidates elected.（D）Political parties want their goals and ideas to direct the actions of governme
12、nt.（A）To suggest candidates.（B） To raise teachers salaries.（C） To make a platform.（D）To do fund-raising.（A）Its a fund-raising event.（B） It is a political party.（C） It is a list of candidates.（D）It is a statement of goals.（A）Because the pig was in his garden.（B） Because it was in his potato patch.（C）
13、 Because Griffin was a British soldier.（D）Because Griffin had shot Culters pig.（A）A war between Britain and the United States.（B） A small battle between the American and the British troops.（C） Talks by General Scott and the British governor.（D）A meeting of Griffin and Culter.（A）The meeting resulted
14、in both countries occupying San Juan Island.（B） The meeting resulted in British ownership of the island.（C） The meeting resulted in American ownership of the island.（D）The meeting resulted in San Juan Island becoming independent.（A）The United States.（B） Canada.（C） No country（D）Both the United States
15、 and Britain.Section C26 When we think of oil, the part of the world that comes to mind first may be the Middle East. But【B1】_development takes place worldwide. Nigeria, for example, is the largest oil producer in Africa and the eleventh largest producer in the world. Russia is the worlds second lar
16、gest【B2】_of oil and the top【B3 】_of natural gas.In nineteen sixty Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela【B4】_the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its【B5】_may have reached a high point during the oil crisis【B6 】_to the nineteen seventy-three Arab-Israeli war. Arab oil produc
17、ers【B7】_the United States, western Europe and Japan because of their support for Israel. Since then, new discoveries and increased production in areas including countries of the former Soviet Union have provided more oil. Today OPEC has twelve members. The newest is Angola which joined in 2007.High
18、oil prices have brought new attention to OPEC. Its members produce about forty percent of the worlds oil. But two of the worlds top three oil exporters, Russia and Norway, are not OPEC members.National oil companies are【B8】_to control about eighty percent of the worlds oil supply. In recent years, r
19、ising oil prices have led more governments to act, either directly or indirectly, to【B9】_their oil industries.President Hugo Chavez has moved to nationalize oil operations in Venezuela. And in Russia, a series of actions resulted in state-owned companies gaining control of【B10】_held by Yukos. Yukos
20、was Russias largest private company, until the government said it owed billions of dollars in taxes and jailed its founder, Russias richest man.27 【B1 】28 【B2 】29 【B3 】30 【B4 】31 【B5 】32 【B6 】33 【B7 】34 【B8 】35 【B9 】36 【B10 】Section A36 The reason fruits and vegetables are so important to your overa
21、ll health is that they are major purveyors of antioxidants.Antioxidant molecules are like the missile【C1】_system of your body, preventing damage from molecular bombs called free radicals. It works like this: in order to breathe, move, or eat, your bodys cells【C2】_food and oxygen into energy. This ch
22、emical reaction releases【C3】_byproducts, the free radicals we mentioned. Basically, theyre highly reactive【C4】_of oxygen that are missing an electron.【C5 】_for that missing electron, they steal them from normal cells, damaging the healthy cell and itsDNA in the【C6 】_. This damage eventually【C7】_to a
23、ny number of major health problems, including heart disease, memory loss, and cancer.Antioxidants, however,【C8】_with this process by giving free radicals one of their own electrons to stabilize them. Or they combine with free radicals to form different, more【C9 】_compounds. There are also antioxidan
24、t enzymes that help free radicals react with other chemicals to produce safe, instead of toxic, substances. Antioxidants, for instance, help prevent “bad“ LDL cholesterol from becoming【C10】_and forming plaque( 斑). This is the reason the health establishment is so insistent on people eating more fres
25、h produce: It provides around-the-clock defenses against free-radical damage to your arteries.A)change B)contributes C)convert D)defense E)DesirousF)Desperate G)forms H)harmful I)interfere J)offenseK)participates L)process M)stable N)stickier O)thinner37 【C1 】38 【C2 】39 【C3 】40 【C4 】41 【C5 】42 【C6 】
26、43 【C7 】44 【C8 】45 【C9 】46 【C10 】Section B46 Gender-Neutral LanguageAThe practice of assigning masculine gender to neutral terms comes from the fact that every language reflects the prejudices of the society in which it evolved, and English evolved through most of its history in a male-centered, pat
27、riarchal society. Like any other language, however, English is always changing. One only has to read aloud sentences from the 19th century books assigned for this class to sense the shifts that have occurred in the last 150 years. When readers pick up something to read, they expect different convent
28、ions depending on the time in which the material was written. As writers in 1995, we need to be not only aware of the conventions that our readers may expect, but also conscious of the responses our words may elicit. In addition, we need to know how the shifting nature of language can make certain w
29、ords awkward or misleading.“Man“BMan once was a truly generic word referring to all humans, but has gradually narrowed in meaning to become a word that refers to adult male human beings. Anglo-Saxons used the word to refer to all people. One example of this occurs when an Anglo-Saxon writer refers t
30、o a seventh-century English princess as “a wonderful man“. Man paralleled the Latin word homo, “a member of the human species“ not “an adult male of the species“. The Old English word for adult male was waepman and the old English word for adult woman was wifman. In the course of time, wifman evolve
31、d into the word “woman“. “Man“ eventually ceased to be used to refer to individual women and replaced waepman as a specific term distinguishing an adult male from an adult female. But man continued to be used in generalizations about both sexes.CBy the 18th century, the modern, narrow sense of man w
32、as firmly established as the predominant one. When Edmund Burke, writing of the French Revolution, used men in the old, inclusive way, he took pains to spell out his meaning: “Such a deplorable havoc is made in the minds of men(both sexes)in France.“ Thomas Jefferson did not make the same distinctio
33、n in declaring that “all men are created equal“ and “governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.“ In a time when women, having no vote, could neither give nor withhold consent, Jefferson had to be using the word men in its principal sense of “ma
34、les“, and it probably never occurred to him that anyone would think otherwise. Looking at modern dictionaries indicates that the definition that links “man“ with males is the predominant one. Studies of college students and school children indicate that even when the broad definitions of “man“ and “
35、men“ are taught, they tend to conjure up images of male people only. We would never use the sentence “A girl grows up to be a man“, because we assume the narrower definition of the word man.The Pronoun ProblemDThe first grammars of modern English were written in the 16th and 17th centuries. They wer
36、e mainly intended to help boys from upper class families prepare for the study of Latin, a language most scholars considered superior to English. The male authors of these earliest English grammars wrote for male readers in an age when few women were literate. The masculine-gender Pronouns(代词)did no
37、t reflect a belief that masculine pronouns could refer to both sexes. The grammars of this period contain no indication that masculine pronouns were sex-inclusive when used in general references. Instead these pronouns reflected the reality of male cultural dominance and the male-centered world view
38、 that resulted.E“He“ started to be used as a generic pronoun by grammarians who were trying to change a long-established tradition of using “they“ as a singular pronoun. In 1850 an Act of Parliament gave official sanction(批准)to the recently invented concept of the “generic“ he. In the language used
39、in acts of Parliament, the new law said, “words importing the masculine gender shall be deemed and taken to include females“. Although similar language in contracts and other legal documents subsequently helped reinforce this grammatical edict in all English-speaking countries, it was often convenie
40、ntly ignored. In 1879, for example, a move to admit female physicians to the all-male Massachusetts Medical Society was effectively blocked on the grounds that the societys by-laws describing membership used the pronoun he.FJust as “man“ is not truly generic in the 1990s, “he“ is not a true generic
41、pronoun. Studies have confirmed that most people understand “he“ to refer to men only. Sentences like “A doctor is a busy person; he must be able to balance a million obligations at once“ imply that all doctors are men. As a result of the fact that “he“ is read by many as a masculine pronoun, many p
42、eople, especially women, have come to feel that the generic pronouns excludes women. This means that more and more people find the use of such a pronoun problematic.Solving the Pronoun ProblemGThey as a singular most people, when writing and speaking informally, rely on singular they as a matter of
43、course: “If you love someone, set them free“(Sting). If you pay attention to your own speech, youll probably catch yourself using the same construction yourself. “Its enough to drive anyone out of their senses“(George Bernard Shaw). “I shouldnt like to punish anyone, even ii theyd done me wrong“(Geo
44、rge Eliot). Some people are annoyed by the incorrect grammar that this solution necessitates, but this construction is used more and more frequently.HHe or She Despite the charge of clumsiness, double-pronoun constructions have made a comeback: “To be black in this country is simply too pervasive an
45、 experience for any writer to omit from her or his work“, wrote Samuel R. Delany. Overuse of this solution can be awkward, however.IPluralizing A writer can often recast material in the plural. For instance, instead of “As he advances in his program, the medical student has increasing opportunities
46、for clinical work,“ try “As they advance in their program, medical students have increasing opportunities for clinical work“.JEliminating Pronouns Avoid having to use pronouns at all; instead of “a first grader can feed and dress himself, you could write, “a first grader can eat find get dressed wit
47、hout assistance“.KFurther Alternatives He / she or she / he, using one instead of he, or using a new generic pronoun.47 In “all men are created equal“ in Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson, the word “men“ refer to man because women didnt have the right to vote.48 In 1879, a move to admi
48、t female physicians to the all-male Massachusetts Medical Society was effectively blocked for the reason that the societys by-laws describing membership used the pronoun he.49 The first grammars of modern English were written in order to help boys from the upper class prepare for the study of Latin.
49、50 “Man“ paralleled the Latin word “homo“ which means a member of the human species.51 Although some people are not satisfied with the incorrect grammar of singular “they“, this construction is used more and more frequently to solve the pronoun problem.52 When students are taught the broad definition of “man“ and “men“, they think of male people only.53 Grammarians started to use “he“ as a generic pronoun because they
