1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 19 及答案与解析一、Section A（A）The man hurried through the exam.（B） The room is too warm for a sweater.（C） The man will be late if he doesnt hurry.（D）The man put his sweater on the wrong way.（A）Tom doesnt work hard enough.（B） Tom doesnt think the woman needs a worker.（C） Tom has a poor personalit
2、y.（D）Tom works every quickly.（A）He becomes out of work.（B） He doesnt tell the truth.（C） He doesnt like his job.（D）He works with many workers.（A）He prefers shorter plays to this one.（B） He doesnt have to go to see that play.（C） He wouldnt see the play as often as the woman had.（D）He liked the play be
3、tter the first time he saw it.（A）Hes unable to appear in court.（B） He wishes he could be a better student.（C） He plays tennis better than she does.（D）Hes not so enthusiastic about academics.（A）The woman doesnt like cold weather.（B） The snow would get dirty quickly.（C） It wouldnt snow.（D）All the snow
4、 would melt.（A）The woman thinks the salesman was realistic.（B） The woman thinks the salesman exaggerated his part.（C） The woman thinks the salesman was not dramatic enough.（D）The woman thinks the salesman played his part well.（A）Scientific method.（B） Result of experiment.（C） Modern solution.（D）New i
5、nvention.（A）They are having a party.（B） They have no time to study economics and management.（C） They are too busy to have a regular meal.（D）They are making time to do some physical exercises.（A）It will not be so easy.（B） It will surely be easy.（C） The computer will break down.（D）The computer will no
6、t work properly.（A）History.（B） Geography.（C） Mathematics.（D）Art.（A）Logic.（B） Reasoning.（C） Deduction.（D）Analysis.（A）A group of pioneers survived their first year from severe winter.（B） A group of Native Americans survived their first year.（C） A group of settlers gave thanks for Gods generosity.（D）A
7、group of Indians worshiped God in their own way.（A）Triumph.（B） Significant.（C） A sense of burning.（D）Pretty tired.（A）Talent and humor.（B） Energy and love.（C） Creative and courage.（D）talent and humanity.二、Section B（A）To make preparations for a new publication.（B） To learn how couples spend their week
8、ends.（C） To know how housework is shared.（D）To investigate what people do at the weekend.（A）He goes to exercise classes.（B） He goes sailing.（C） He goes to the cinema.（D）He stays at home.（A）Friday.（B） Saturday.（C） Sunday.（D）Any weekday.（A）Surname.（B） First name.（C） Address.（D）Age.（A）Fishing.（B） Swimm
9、ing.（C） Selling.（D）Sailing.（A）Poor, untrained women.（B） Young medical students.（C） Wives of military officers.（D）Middle-class men and women.（A）Medical men.（B） Upper-class women.（C） Professional nurses.（D）Military commanders.（A）Nursing was an art that could not be taught.（B） Additional medical care f
10、rom nurses was unnecessary.（C） Volunteer nurses from the upper class were adequate.（D）Educated nurses would undermine their authority.（A）Public hygiene in the United States.（B） Florence Nightingale: a nurses story.（C） The fight for nursing education in the United States.（D）Health care in upper-and l
11、ower-class neighborhoods.（A）Bellevue was a hospital.（B） Bellevue was a government.（C） Bellevue was a university.（D）Bellevue was a womens prison.（A）One always knows what his muscles are doing.（B） One performs simple actions without working.（C） Ones muscles are used only to the extent necessary for ea
12、ch action they perform.（D）One improves muscular action consciously.（A）Voluntary muscles.（B） Involuntary muscles.（C） Muscles fibers.（D）Sensory nerves.（A）Because she has more voluntary muscles than an average man.（B） Because she has only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle for her body mass as mans.（C） Be
13、cause she has 60 to 70 percent less muscles for her body mass.（D）Because she has less muscle fiber for her body weight.（A）The efficiency of our muscles.（B） The normal breathing function.（C） Direction our muscles intelligently.（D）The work of only our involuntary muscles.（A）They can become shorter and
14、 thicker.（B） They can stretch.（C） They have sense linking the muscles to the brain.（D）They can retract to their original position.三、Section A31 You are healthy when you are_your outer and inner environments.（A）in relation to（B） with regard to（C） in contrast with（D）in harmony with32 Good health is a
15、spirited_of energy, smooth skin, strong, supple limbs, and a positive joy in life.（A）texture（B） mix（C） burst（D）peak33 The_of emotional and psychiatric disorders that can prompt a person to seek therapy is wide.（A）formula（B） coverage（C） interval（D）spectrum34 Work is a_of satisfaction.（A）measure（B） te
16、rminal（C） source（D）resource35 If you_a heart-attack or stroke victim who needs your assistance, your first response should be to stay calm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance.（A）find out（B） go into（C） pass by（D）come across36 Today people still dont make health a(n)_because they have no time
17、.（A）privilege（B） issue（C） principle（D）priority37 Mental exercise can favorably_the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change ones bodily proportions.（A）modify（B） adjust（C） develop（D）contract38 The distinctions between the different schools and approaches are often very_.（A）subtle（B
18、） sufficient（C） superficial（D）superior39 Despite the limitations of a standard CT, it does a_job of picturing the internal anatomy of the body.（A）supreme（B） superb（C） sufficient（D）superfluous40 The city government is getting its residents to properly_their garbage.（A）break up（B） dispose of（C） check
19、out（D）hand out四、Section B41 The recent deterioration in the economy is of great concern to the government.（A）depression（B） deficiency（C） degeneration（D）deformity42 A substantial hike in the top rate of income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nations already waning support.（A
20、）depreciating（B） warning（C） declining（D）startling43 He was not conspicuously hairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully in keeping with his age.（A）prominently（B） warily（C） consciously（D）conventionally44 The water company is obliged to maintain a supply of wholesome water.（
21、A）available（B） hydraulic（C） balanced（D）hygienic45 Smoking makes one six times more likely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly assaults the tissues that line the mouth and throat.（A）detects（B） contaminates（C） occupies（D）attacks46 Most organisms must fit in with their surroundings b
22、ecause their skills to alter their environment are restricted and highly specialized.（A）attach themselves to（B） succumb to（C） lean on（D）adapt themselves to47 Instead of being recycled, garbage is left to accumulate in insanitary heaps which attract flies and spread infectious diseases.（A）innocuous（B
23、） gathering（C） filthy（D）inflammable48 The prevalence of highly intelligent devices has eliminated the handicaps associated with most disabilities.（A）disadvantages（B） dispositions（C） disappointments（D）discomforts49 In general, lasers operate by creating an intense amount of light and energy which is
24、then converted into heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.（A）developed（B） reduced（C） transformed（D）decoded50 Shyness, the most common form of social anxiety, occurs when a persons apprehensions are so great that they inhibit his making an expected or desired social response.（A
25、）discharge（B） trigger（C） restrain（D）defer五、Part Cloze50 Exercise is good for people, but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly. So when you try, you may run into trouble.Many people【C1】_that when specific muscles are exercised, the fat in the neighbouring area is “burned
26、 up“. Yet the【C2】_is that exercise burns fat from all over the body.Studies show muscles which are not【C3】_lose their strength very quickly. To regain it needs 48 to 72 hours and exercise every other day will keep a normal level of physical strength.To【C4】_weight you should always “work up a good sw
27、eat“ when exercising. No sweating only【C5 】_body temperature to prevent over heating. This is nothing but water loss.【C6】_you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise. It helps the circulation of blood throughout the body, and has a direct【C7 】_on your o
28、verall feeling of health. Experience says that 20 minutes exercise a day is minimum amount.【C8 】_your breathing doesnt return to normal state within minutes after you finish【C9 】_. youve done 【C10 】_.51 【C1 】（A）understand（B） believe（C） hope（D）know52 【C2 】（A）reply（B） possibility（C） truth（D）reason53 【
29、C3 】（A）exercised（B） examined（C） protected（D）cured54 【C4 】（A）lose（B） gain（C） keep（D）burn55 【C5 】（A）raises（B） reduces（C） destroys（D）keeps up56 【C6 】（A）While（B） Once（C） As（D）Whenever57 【C7 】（A）effect（B） use（C） usage（D）affect58 【C8 】（A）But if（B） But（C） If（D）And if59 【C9 】（A）working（B） walking（C） exercis
30、ing（D）breathing60 【C10 】（A）enough（B） much（C） too much（D）much too六、Part Reading Comprehension60 Among all the malignancies, lung cancer is the biggest killer; more than 100,000 Americans die of the disease. Giving up smoking is one of obvious ways to reduce the risk, but another answer may lie in the
31、 kitchen. According to a new report, even heavy smokers may be protected from developing lung cancer by eating a daily portion of carrots, spinach or any other vegetable or fruit containing a form of vitamin A called carotene.The finding, published in THE LANCET, is part of a long-range investigatio
32、n of diet and disease. Since 1957, some American researchers have monitored the dietary habits and medical histories of 2,000 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co. in Chicago. Led by Dr. Richard Shekelle of St. Lukes Medical Center, the researchers recently began to sort out the links
33、 between the subjects dietary patterns and cancer.Other studies of animals and humans have suggested that vitamin A offer some protection against lung cancer. The correlation seemed logical, explains Shekelle, since vitamin A is essential for the growth of the epithelial tissue that lines the airway
34、s of the lungs.Vegetables: But the earlier research did not distinguish between the two different forms of the vitamin. “Preformed“ vitamin A, known as retinols found mainly in liver and dairy products like milk, cheese, butter and eggs. But vitamin A is also made in the body from carotene, which is
35、 abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, spinach, squash, tomatoes, sweet potatoes and apples.In the study, Shekelle and his colleagues found little correlation between the incidence of lung cancer and the consumption of foods containing preformed vitamin A. But when they
36、examined the data on carotene intake, they discovered a significant relationship. Among the 488 men who had the lowest level of carotene consumption, there were 14 cases of lung cancer; in a group of the same size that ate the most carotene, only two cases developed. The apparent protective effect o
37、f carotene held up even for long-time smokersbut to a lesser degree.Further studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established. In the meantime, researchers warn against taking large numbers of vitamin A pills, because the tablets contain a form of t
38、he chemical that can be extremely toxic in high doses. Instead, they advise a well-balanced diet that includes goods rich in carotene. For a smoker, a half-cup of carrots every day might possibly make the difference between life and death.61 The word “malignancy“(Line 1, Para. 1)most probably refers
39、 to_.（A）cancer（B） sickness（C） vitamins（D）disease62 Preformed vitamin A is NOT found in_.（A）milk（B） eggs（C） apples（D）cheese63 Carotene is present in all of the following EXCEPT_.（A）tomatoes（B） carrots（C） squash（D）butter64 Among the groups studied, who had the most cases of lung cancer?（A）Those with t
40、he lowest level of carotene intake.（B） Those with the highest level of carotene intake.（C） Those who ate only foods containing carotene.（D）Those with the lowest intake of carrots.65 What is needed to establish firmly the link between carotene and lung cancer?（A）Further study.（B） More money.（C） More
41、cases of lung cancer.（D）More people willing to eat carrots.65 The narrow passage ended in a round arch fringed with ivy and creepers. The children passed through the arch into a narrow river whose banks were of stone, moss-covered. Trees growing on the top of the bank arched across and the sunlight
42、came through in changing patches of brightness. The path, which was of green-grey stones and at the end of it was another round arch, quite dark inside, above which were rose rocks and grass and bushes.“Its like the outside of a railway tunnel,“ said Jimmy.“It might be the entrance to an enchanted c
43、astle,“ said Kathleen.At the dark arch they stopped.“There are steps down,“ said Gerald.Very slowly and carefully they went down the steps. Gerald struck a match when the last step was found to have no edge and to be in fact the beginning of a passage turning to the left.“This,“ said Jimmy, “might t
44、ake us back to the road.“Or under it,“ said Gerald, “weve come down eleven steps.“They went on, following Gerald, who went very slowly for fear, as he explained, of steps. The passage was very dark.Then came a glimmer of daylight that grew and grew and presently ended in another arch that looked out
45、 over a scene so like a picture out of a book about Italy that everyones breath was taken away, and they simply walked forward silent and staring. A short avenue of cypresses led, winding as it went, to a marble terrace that lay broad and white in the sunlight. The children, blinking, leaned their a
46、rms on the flat balustrade and gazed.Immediately below them was a lake with swans and an island with willow trees, and among the trees gleamed the white figures of statues. Against a hill to the left was a round white building with pillars and to the right a waterfall came tumbling down among mossy
47、stones to splash into the lake. Steps went from the terrace to the water and other steps to the green lawns beside it Away a cross the grassy slopes deer were feeding and in the distance was an enormous house of grey stone, like nothing the children had ver seen before.“It is an enchanted castle,“ s
48、aid Gerald.“There arent any enchanted castles,“ said Jimmy. “You ought to know that.“Well, anyway, Im going to explore,“ said Gerald “You neednt come if you dont want to.“The others followed. There never was such a gardenout of a picture or a fairy tale. They passed quite close to the deer, who only
49、 raised their heads to look and did not seem startled at all. After a long stretch of grass, they came into a rose garden bordered with thick hedges.“I know we shall meet a gardener in a minute and hell ask what were doing here, and then what shall we say?“ Kathleen asked.“Well say weve lost our way, and it will be quite true,“ said Gerald.66 When they came out of the last arch the children were silent because_.（A）they were out
