1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 36 及答案与解析一、Section A（A）Members of the club are required to register when they arrive.（B） They can bring up to three quests.（C） They should register their quests.（D）Show membership cards on arrival.（A）For 30 minutes only.（B） For one hour only.（C） Within the booked time only.（D）Longer than
2、the booked time.（A）Degree requirement.（B） University links.（C） Government agreements.（D）Company projects.（A）Orderliness.（B） Creativeness.（C） Tightness.（D）Convenience.（A）Change his diet.（B） Take a different kind of medicine.（C） Ask another doctor about the problem.（D）Do special knee exercises.（A）She
3、needs a new hat and gloves.（B） The weather will continue to be cold.（C） She doesnt know what the weather will be like tomorrow.（D）She doesnt know where the man put his winter clothes.（A）The woman shouldnt make him feel bad.（B） The woman should help him write a report.（C） He doesnt want to take the w
4、oman out.（D）He feels responsible for the womans mood.（A）Shed rather not discuss her problems.（B） She has been healthy.（C） Its hard for her to explain her problems.（D）Shes sorry she didnt come back sooner.（A）Make a list of what she needs to do.（B） Schedule an eye exam without delay.（C） Order an appoi
5、ntment book.（D）Get over her fear of eye doctors.（A）Professor Smith hasnt arrived yet.（B） Shes sorry shes late.（C） She doesnt know if anyone called.（D）Shell call Professor Smith in a few minutes.（A）Count her money.（B） Go to the seminar with the man.（C） Help the man learn to manage his money.（D）Pay fo
6、r the seminar.（A）She never keeps other people waiting.（B） She wants the man to help her with her assignment.（C） Shes upset that the man didnt tell her hed be late.（D）Shes glad that the man phoned her.（A）Business leadership.（B） Global business community.（C） Economic prospects in China.（D）Business and
7、 government in China.（A）4000.（B） 5000.（C） 1300（D）3100（A）Beijing.（B） Guangzhou.（C） Shanghai.（D）Hong Kong.二、Section B（A）He was with a patient.（B） He was away on vacation.（C） He was talking to his secretary.（D）He was operating.（A）His false teeth werent fit.（B） He broke his legs.（C） His feet were badly
8、hurt.（D）He cut his fingers.（A）For a few days.（B） For a few weeks.（C） For a few months.（D）For almost a year.（A）Angry.（B） Sympathetic.（C） Indifferent.（D）Annoyed.（A）This morning.（B） This afternoon.（C） Before lunch.（D）After lunch.（A）A normal baby responded to the stimuli impassively.（B） A normal babys r
9、eaction to the sound was phlegmatic.（C） A group of nurses took care of the blind infants at the medical center.（D）Some of the blind infants were able to respond to their mothers voice.（A）The scientists tested them in the medical center.（B） The blind infants were visited by research workers every two
10、 weeks.（C） The blind infants were made to compare with the normal infants.（D）Their mothers were invited to tickle them.（A）They reacted with smiles to hugging from their mothers.（B） They were tested for almost a year.（C） They lacked in feeling to the sound.（D）They were happy with their families.（A）A
11、group of scientists and nurses.（B） The communities.（C） The infants mother.（D）The local medical center.（A）The blind infants behavior was without feeling or emotion.（B） The blind infants behavior was insensible but ardent.（C） The blind infants behavior lacked energy and vigor.（D）The blind infants beha
12、vior took a long time in respond to a stimulus.（A）Biomedical engineers.（B） Nursing students.（C） Students of philosophy.（D）Mechanics.（A）During the first year of college.（B） During the second year of college.（C） After the second week of classes.（D）Just before the final exam.（A）The mind can be complete
13、ly understood through scientific observation.（B） The mind is too complex to be considered part of the “vital force“.（C） The mind and the brain have the same chemical and physical functions.（D）The mind may function separately from the brain.（A）Decide whether they are mechanists or vitalists.（B） Take
14、an article home and read it.（C） Transfer to the introductory class.（D）Write an essay about vitalism and mechanism.（A）Mechanism is the view that all life phenomena can be explained according to chemical and physical laws.（B） Mechanism can impossible be supported through scientific experimentation.（C）
15、 Mechanism is the view that the modern science tends to be mechanism.（D）Mechanism is a kind of philosophical approach.三、Section A31 Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong_on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（A）motivation（B） perspective（C） impress
16、ion（D）impact32 The manager spoke highly of such_as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.（A）virtues（B） features（C） properties（D）characteristics33 The newspaper did not mention the_of the damage caused by the fire.（A）range（B） level（C） extent（D）quantity34 Although he had looked thro
17、ugh all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only_to his confusion.（A）extended（B） amounted（C） added（D）turned35 Who is_personnel at present?（A）in the charge of（B） under charge of（C） under the charge of（D）in charge of36 I caught a_o
18、f the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.（A）vision（B） glimpse（C） look（D）scene37 She was so_in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.（A）attracted（B） absorbed（C） drawn（D）concentrated38 It has been revealed that some government leaders_their authority and posi
19、tion to get illegal profits for themselves.（A）employ（B） take（C） abuse（D）overlook39 Id_his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.（A）take into account（B） account for（C） make up for（D）make out40 They claim tha
20、t_1,000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.（A）sufficiently（B） approximately（C） considerably（D）properly四、Section B41 Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on Britains position in relation to its partners in the European Union.（A）ambitio
21、us（B） obscure（C） appalling（D）indifferent42 Her story shows how gentle stubbornness and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.（A）persuasion（B） determination（C） devotion（D）reservation43 We have a responsibility to ensure our nations continued prosperity and the most sensibl
22、e way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research.（A）effective（B） efficient（C） significant（D）reasonable44 All information reported to or likewise obtained by the commission is considered confidential.（A）in a similar way（B） in another way（C） in a direct way（D）in an unauthorized way45 I w
23、ould recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location.（A）as a result of（B） because of（C） with regard to（D）with a view to46 Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies.（A）exactly（B） faithfully（C） repeatedly（D）simply47 The legislative provision has a great i
24、mpact on the operations of the department.（A）law（B） passage（C） revision（D）clause48 In spite of a problem with the faulty equipment, some very useful work was accomplished.（A）imperfect（B） temporary（C） emergency（D）reinstalled49 Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to c
25、ombat global warming.（A）focus on（B） settle down（C） fight against（D）sum up50 Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to halt this decline.（A）lace（B） plug（C） cease（D）digest五、Part Cloze50 Recent studies o
26、f the human brain have resulted in some interesting discoveries. Scientists believe that a way to improve the power of the brain may soon be possible.Scientists have discovered that the brain can make its own drugs. The brain【C1 】_a protein substance which can act directly【C2】_the brain to change as
27、pects of mental activity. Some may change or improve, for example, creativity, intelligence, imagination, and good【C3】_.Chemicals found in the brain【C4】_messages. In recent years scientists have found chemicals that【C5】 _mood, memory and other happenings of the mind. About 25 have been found【C6】_.To
28、day the role of chemicals and the protein substance in human behavior is creating much interest. Research seems to show that they may help【C7】_insomnia, pain, and mental illness. They have a great【C8】_to stimulate the brain to【C9 】_deficiencies. They also improve the qualities of memory and learning
29、 already in the brain. They【 C10】_the secret on mood and emotion. Some day there may be a chemical way to create a better and more efficient brain.51 【C1 】（A）entertains（B） restrains（C） sustains（D）contains52 【C2 】（A）against（B） on（C） for（D）to53 【C3 】（A）character（B） temper（C） spirit（D）memory54 【C4 】（A）
30、obtain（B） accept（C） carry（D）receive55 【C5 】（A）approach（B） affect（C） aid（D）apply56 【C6 】（A）so many（B） so much（C） so far（D）so good57 【C7 】（A）conceal（B） compress（C） confine（D）control58 【C8 】（A）courage（B） capacity（C） authority（D）curiosity59 【C9 】（A）contain（B） contest（C） conquer（D）condemn60 【C10 】（A）held
31、（B） hold（C） are holding（D）will hold六、Part Reading Comprehension60 At 9:00 in the evening on January 29, just as President George W. Bush was about to begin his first State of the Union address, I gathered with three anxious scientists in a small, windowless laboratory in Worcester, Massachusetts. We
32、 were at Advanced Cell Technology a privately owned biotechnology company that briefly made international headlines last fall by publishing the first scientific account of cloned human embryos. The significance of the achievement was debatable: the companys most successful embryo had reached only si
33、x cells before it stopped dividing(one other had reached four cells, another had reached two) a fact that led to a widespread dismissal, in the media and the scientific community, of ACTs “breakthrough“. The work was largely judged to be preliminary, inconsequential, and certainly not worthy of head
34、lines. Many people in political and religious circles, however, had a decidedly different view. They deemed ACTs work an ethical transgression of the highest order and professed shock, indignation, and horror.Nonetheless, ACT was pressing aheadwhich was why I had come to the companys cloning lab tha
35、t night in January. The door to the lab was locked; a surveillance camera mounted on the ceiling watched our every move; and the mood was at once urgent and tense. A human egg, retrieved just hours earlier from a young donor, was positioned under a microscope, its image glowing on a nearby video mon
36、itor. The eggs chromosomes would shortly be removed, and the scientists in the room would attempt to fuse what remained of the egg with a human skin cell. If the procedure succeeded, the result would be a cloned human embryo.Skin cell to embryo its one of the most remarkable quick-change scenarios m
37、odern biology has to offer. Its also one of the most controversial. Since the announcement, in 1997, of the cloning of the sheep Dolly, attempts to use human cells for cloning have provoked heated debate in the United States, separating those who have faith in the promise of the new technology from
38、those who envision its dark side and unintended consequences.Crucial to the debate is the fact that human cloning research falls into two distinct categories: reproductive cloning, a widely frowned-on effort that aims to produce a fully formed child; and therapeutic cloning, a scientifically reputab
39、le procedure that takes place entirely at the microscopic level and is designed to advance medical therapies and cure human ailments. The two start out the same way with a new embryo in a Petri dish. But the scientists I was observing in the lab had no intention of creating a person. Instead they we
40、re embarking on an experiment that, if successful, would be a first step toward creating radical new cures for patients like the donor of the skin cell Trevor Ross(not his real name), a two-year-old boy afflicted with a rare and devastating genetic disease.The mood in the lab was tense in part becau
41、se of the uncertain outcome of the experiment. But it was also tense because of concern over what President Bush might say about cloning in his address to the nation. A radio in one corner of the room was tuned to the broadcast as the scientists began their work, and they were listening carefully: i
42、n perhaps no other fields of science are researchers as mindful of which way the political winds are blowing. The ACT scientists had good reason to be concernedwhat they were doing that night might soon be made illegal.61 The author was most probably as_.（A）an observer（B） a secretary（C） a secret age
43、nt（D）a correspondent62 According to the author,_.（A）ACTs scientists had no intention of creating a person（B） ACTs experiment would be a first step towards creating radical new cures（C） ACTs scientists were very mindful of governments perceptions（D）all the above63 According to the passage, human clon
44、ing is clearly categorized as_.（A）political and religious（B） reproductive and therapeutic（C） debatable and controversial（D）preliminary and inconsequential64 According to this passage, attempts to use human cells for cloning_.（A）have encouraged those who have faith in the premise of the new procedure
45、（B） have criticized those who envision only the dark side and unintended consequences（C） have provoked heated debates in the United States（D）have made ACTs work an ethical transgression of the highest order65 The mood of the ACTs scientists was tense because_.（A）what they were doing that night might
46、 soon be made illegal（B） they would soon make ACTs breakthroughs（C） they would make international headline that night（D）President George W. Bush might come to their lab that night65 Modern biology is based on several unifying themes, such as the cell theory, genetics and inheritance, Francis Cricks
47、central dogma of information flow, and Darwin and Wallaces theory of evolution by natural selection. In this first unit we will examine these themes and the nature of science.The ancient Greek philosopher Anaxiamander(611- 547 B.C.)and the Roman philosopher Lucretius(99- 55 B.C.)coined the concept t
48、hat all living things were related and that they had changed over time. The classical science of their time was observational rather than experimental. Another ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, developed his Scala Naturae, or Ladder of Life, to explain his concept of the advancement of living thi
49、ngs from inanimate matter to plants, then animals and finally man. This concept of man as the “crown of creation“ still plagues modern evolutionary biologists.Post-Aristotlean “scientists“ were constrained by the prevailing thought patterns of the Middle Agesthe inerrancy of the biblical book of Genesis and the special creation of the world in a literal six days of the 24-hour variety. Archbishop James Uss
