1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 53 及答案与解析Section A（A）She scratches herself.（B） She pokes her ear with her finger.（C） Her ear is itching.（D）She doesnt use ear drops from her doctor.（A）He should watch television instead.（B） He should drop-out entirely.（C） He will have to follow the correct procedure.（D）He should go to the
2、 department office.（A）When he overworks.（B） When he came to the clinic.（C） When he feels tired.（D）When he lies down.（A）He II see the doctor if hes not better soon.（B） He has had worse colds in the past.（C） He ll feel better once he sees the doctor.（D）His cold will go away by itself.（A）He cannot find
3、 the womans house.（B） He has to change their plans.（C） He will be happy to see the woman.（D）He wants to know whether they have a date.（A）The man hurried through the exam.（B） The room is too warm for a sweater.（C） The man will be late if he doesnt hurry.（D）The man put his sweater on the wrong way.（A）
4、Tom doesnt work hard enough.（B） Tom doesnt think the woman needs a worker.（C） Tom has a poor personality.（D）Tom works very quickly.（A）He becomes out of work.（B） He doesnt tell the truth.（C） He doesnt like his job.（D）He works with many workers.（A）He prefers shorter plays to this one.（B） He doesnt hav
5、e to go to see that play.（C） He wouldnt see the play as often as the woman had.（D）He liked the play better the first time he saw it.（A）He s unable to appear in court.（B） He wishes he could be a better student.（C） He plays tennis better than she does.（D）Hes not so enthusiastic about academics.（A）She
6、realizes the equipment is easily damaged.（B） She wont forget to put away the equipment.（C） She always performs experiments carefully.（D）Shes worried about the results of her experiment.（A）A trip the man made.（B） What to do in the next semester.（C） The mans business during spring break.（D）The mans he
7、alth.（A）Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.（B） Replace the shirt with one of some other material.（C） Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.（D）Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.（A）Its harmful for him to use his voice.（B） He needs to see a doctor.（C） He hasnt
8、 been taking his medicine.（D）Its difficult to understand him when he whispers.（A）At a “Lost and Found“.（B） At a reception desk.（C） At a trade fair.（D）At an exhibition.Section B（A）He has bad breath.（B） He has trouble breathing.（C） He can t lie flat.（D）He has sleep problems.（A）This week.（B） Several we
9、eks ago.（C） Last week.（D）Last month.（A）He might be short of breath.（B） He has too many pillows.（C） He might have bad dreams.（D）He is afraid that he cant wake up the next morning.（A）Because he feels as if he can t breathe.（B） Because he has nightmares.（C） Because he falls off his pillows.（D）Because h
10、e feels bad.（A）Lie flat in bed.（B） Stand up.（C） Sit up.（D）Take a walk.（A）The impact of enzymes on chemical reactions.（B） The way the body produces enzymes.（C） The structure of enzymes.（D）Types of chemical products created with enzymes.（A）It divides into two different parts.（B） It keeps the same chem
11、ical structure.（C） It becomes part of a new chemical compound.（D）It produces more of the enzyme.（A）Provide extra energy to start the reaction.（B） Raise the temperature of the chemicals.（C） Release a chemical needed to start the reaction.（D）Lower the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.（A）T
12、o show that enzymes are very effective.（B） To point out that enzymes can sometimes fail to work.（C） To explain what enzymes are made of.（D）To describe different types of enzymes.（A）Enzymes are what make many of the bodys biochemical reactions possible.（B） Enzymes are what make many of the bodys chem
13、ical reactions possible.（C） Enzymes are what make many of the bodys reactions possible.（D）Enzymes are what make many of the bodys biochemical reactions impossible.（A）Pain used to be ignored but is now taken seriously.（B） Pain is not as serious as we considered.（C） Chronic pain upsets our life.（D）Pai
14、n medicine brings physicians increased wealth.（A）Breathing rate.（B） Temperature.（C） Pulse.（D）Blood sugar.（A）The latter can find the real cause of chronic pain.（B） The latter can coordinate more social resources.（C） The latter can help solve many health problems related to pain.（D）The latter can brin
15、g the hospitals more income.（A）They caused longer chronic pain.（B） They caused dizziness, fatigue and many other problems.（C） They disrupted a persons life.（D）They were limited in number.（A）Social workers.（B） Psychiatrists.（C） Pain specialists.（D）Surgeons.Section A31 But it is a particular concern o
16、ver children on insulin because their blood sugar levels tend to more _widely, researchers said.（A）inflate（B） dilate（C） fluctuate（D）dilute32 The urinary system is mainly thought of as the system_waste in the form of urine but it actually does much more than that.（A）eliminates（B） inoculates（C） irradi
17、ates（D）intoxicates33 Inflammation of the pancreas may_alcohol abuse, drug toxicity, bile obstruction, infections, and other causes.（A）result in（B） facilitate（C） induce（D）result from34 The few female physicians practicing at the end of the 19th century might be_considered because they constituted a v
18、ery small percentage of all physicians.（A）placebos（B） remedies（C） anomalies（D）extremists35 In many cases, Hepatitis Type B infected individuals may become_of the disease.（A）victims（B） patients（C） carriers（D）transmitters36 At the party we found the shy girl_her mother all the time.（A）centering on（B）
19、adhering to（C） coinciding with（D）clinging to37 The relationship between employers and employees has been studied_.（A）originally（B） extremely（C） violently（D）intensively38 Niagara Falls is a great tourist_, drawing millions of visitors every year.（A）attention（B） attraction（C） appointment（D）arrangement
20、39 Reading_the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.（A）rectifies（B） prolongs（C） minimizes（D）furnishes40 The local government gave the first_to education after the war.（A）projection（B） protection（C） profession（D）prioritySection B41 The very sight of the i
21、mposing buildings assured these tourists of the significant changes in this city.（A）instinctive（B） impressive（C） institutional（D）imaginary42 The accepted criteria of adequate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition.（A）formations（B） components（C） standards（D）ingredients43 Senior cit
22、izens are advised to go in for some creative activities to keep themselves mentally young.（A）search for（B） invest in（C） engage in（D）work out44 Presumably excessive consumption of fried foods has serious consequences as has been proved.（A）Theoretically（B） Practically（C） Incredibly（D）Probably45 The si
23、tting-room feels comfortable with the fireplace shedding warm and faint light.（A）giving off（B） calling off（C） shaking off（D）putting off46 Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, by means of their cleanness, toughness and low cost.（A）by virtue of（B） in addition to（C） for the sake of（D
24、）as opposed to47 When myocardial infarction happens, there may be a burning sensation similar to indigestion or heart bum.（A）sensitivity（B） sensibility（C） sense（D）sensor48 When stimulated, the sympathetic branch leading to the muscles in the heart cause the heart to beat more rapidly and vigorously.
25、（A）cryptically（B） chilly（C） energetically（D）feebly49 The 45-year-old white female was admitted on 29 July complaining of chest pain, which had increased in frequency over the previous three months.（A）appealing to（B） finding fault with（C） protesting against（D）reporting50 Nervous system stimulation ca
26、n cause the diameter of a vessel to increase or decrease.（A）width（B） diagram（C） length（D）distance一、Part Cloze50 Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep.【C1】_ kind of sleep is at all well-understood,
27、but REM sleep is【C2】_ to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more【C3】_ . The new experiments, such as those【C4】_ for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations【C5】_ of non-REM sl
28、eep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep【C6 】_ is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet,【C7】_ examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now【C8】_ the mystery of why the animals die. The rats【C9】_ bacterial infections of the blood,【C10】_ their immune
29、 systemsthe self-protecting mechanism against diseasehad crashed.51 【C1 】（A）Either（B） Neither（C） Each（D）Any52 【C2 】（A）intended（B） required（C） assumed（D）inferred53 【C3 】（A）subtle（B） obvious（C） mysterious（D）doubtful54 【C4 】（A）maintained（B） described（C） settled（D）afforded55 【C5 】（A）in the light（B） by v
30、irtue（C） with the exception（D）for the purpose56 【C6 】（A）reduction（B） destruction（C） deprivation（D）restriction57 【C7 】（A）upon（B） by（C） through（D）with58 【C8 】（A）paid attention to（B） caught sight of（C） laid emphasis on（D）cast light on59 【C9 】（A）develop（B） produce（C） stimulate（D）induce60 【C10 】（A）if（B）
31、as if（C） only if（D）if only二、Part Reading Comprehension60 A simple test that detects nicotine levels in urine has helped pregnant women in Birmingham to cut down on cigarettes and in some cases to kick the habit altogether. The test turns urine pink in the presence of nicotine and its breakdown produ
32、cts. “ It is very important that the patient is right there to see it,“ says Graham Cope, a research fellow at the Wolfson Applied Technology Laboratory at the University of Birmingham , who developed the test.A recent survey by the babys charity Tommy s Campaign found that a quarter of pregnant wom
33、en in Britain smoke throughout their pregnancy. But most of the information doctors get about their patients smoking habits is self-reported. “Smokers tend to underestimate their consumption,“ says Cope. Even if a smoker owns up (供认) , it is hard to know how much nicotine they are actually consuming
34、; different brands of cigarette have different nicotine levels, and styles of inhaling vary.Copes device provides the first quick biochemical measure of tobacco absorption. Thiobarbituric acid and other chemicals react with nicotine and its by-products, such as cotinine, to produce the pink color. T
35、he more tobacco the smoker has consumed, the pinker it gets. Researchers then use a standard colorimeter to measure the depth of color in order to quantify consumption. In all, the procedure takes five minutes.Cope is just completing a pilot (试验性的) study in which he has screened 1 000 pregnant women
36、 in Birmingham. Half of them were tested and shown the results on their first visit. They were screened at least once more, towards the end of their pregnancy. The others were screened but were not given the results.Of the 500 women who were shown their results, just over 100 were smokers. During th
37、eir pregnancy, 20 percent of them quit, while another 30 percent significantly reduced the amount they smoked. Even among the 50 percent of smokers who said they had not changed their habits, the test showed that about half had in fact cut down. “They were more aware of their habit,“ says Cope.In co
38、ntrast, only about 7 percent of the women in the control group managed to quit. Very few cut down, and 45 percent actually increased the amount they smoked. This compares badly to the results in the test group, where only 15 percent smoked more. 61 Cope makes pregnant women aware of their nicotine c
39、onsumption_.（A）through their smoking habits（B） through the number of cigarettes they smoke（C） by advising them to cut down on cigarettes（D）by allowing them to see their pink urine62 The test developed by Cope_.（A）can detect the quantity of nicotine consumed（B） can change the way pregnant women inhal
40、e smoke（C） can tell what brands of cigarettes pregnant women smoke（D）can help pregnant women estimate their tobacco consumption63 The amount of nicotine consumption_.（A）determines the degree of the pink color of urine（B） indicates the amount of time the test takes（C） has to do with different colors
41、of urine（D）quantifies pink urine64 We learn from Copes pilot study that _.（A）1 000 pregnant women were screened as smokers（B） 1 000 pregnant subjects were divided into two groups（C） 20 percent of the pregnant women stopped smoking as a result（D）50 percent of the pregnant women changed their smoking
42、habits at last65 The results of Copes study suggest that the test_.（A）is practicable（B） needs improving（C） can help any smoker quit（D）is more effective in female smokers than in male ones65 Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one
43、 insidious(不知不觉间恶化的，潜伏的) form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA Cars has a big advant
44、age over Zodiac Cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning w
45、ith letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the se
46、ven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). The world s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characte
47、rs. As are the worlds five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat
48、pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky es
49、cape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their rewards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists(谋职者名单) for job interviews, election ballot(投票，选票)papers, lists of conference speakers and att
