1、2008 年 10 月全国自考（电子商务英语）真题试卷及答案与解析一、词汇和语法1 _under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.（A）Seen（B） Sees（C） Seeing（D）To see2 It has been_for him by his family to marry a girl of his own class.（A）arranged（B） organized（C） settled（D）adapted3 Flight nineteen from New York to Was
2、hington is now arriving at_ .（A）the two gate（B） gate two（C） the gate two（D）second gate4 Id rather listen to_than watch _ .（A）radio; television（B） a radio; a television（C） radio; the television（D）the radio; television5 All_agreed to repeat the experiment.（A）the present people（B） the people to be pres
3、ent（C） the people present（D）the people having been present6 There are _opportunities for employment in the rural area.（A）less（B） little（C） small（D）fewer7 He doesnt dare to leave the house in case he_ .（A）is recognized（B） will be recognized（C） will recognize（D）has been recognized8 George_in this scho
4、ol for forty years by the time he retires.（A）will teach（B） will have taught（C） has taught（D）will be teaching9 Weather_ , well go sightseeing.（A）permitted（B） is permitted（C） permitting（D）is permitting10 No one _to me like that again.（A）dare to speak（B） dare speak（C） dares speak（D）dares speaking11 We
5、_tennis in the park when you phoned.（A）must have been playing（B） must be playing（C） must play（D）must have played12 Let us have something iced to drink, _ ?（A）will we（B） shall we（C） do we（D）dont we13 Teachers all _the student to enter the competition.（A）cheered（B） animated（C） encouraged（D）heartened14
6、 How I wish to_in your sufferings.（A）enter（B） contribute（C） participate（D）provide15 You should sign a contract to make your job situation_ .（A）normal（B） common（C） regular（D）usual16 A poor memory_her efforts to become an actress.（A）encouraged（B） accomplished（C） frustrated（D）develop17 Either the shirt
7、 or the sweater_suitable for this season.（A）is（B） are（C） have been（D）has18 All you need to do_the form.（A）fill in（B） fills in（C） are to fill in（D）is to fill in19 She decided not to_her husbands name when she got married.（A）adore（B） adopt（C） admire（D）admit20 I am thinking of_a close relationship with
8、 my competitors.（A）performing（B） settling（C） organizing（D）establishing二、完形填空20 Several regions in the world are subject【C1】_storms which are so severe that they【C2】_damage on a tremendous scale. The regions are all located on the edges of great oceans. The【C3】_term for such severe storms is “cyclone
9、“. The term “hurricane“ is【C4】_for storms that occur in the North Atlantic Ocean.Cyclones(龙卷风)and hurricanes(飓风)differ in one curious【C5 】_; in a cyclone, the wind circulates in a clockwise direction; in a hurricane, the wind direction is counter-clockwise.【C6】_cyclones and hurricanes have one omino
10、us similarity.【C7】_the damage they cause on land and at sea, they are identical.Australia undergoes a number of cyclones every year along its northern coast, which faces Indonesia. The cyclones【C8】_mainly in December and January, the summer months in the southern hemisphere.Usually the Australian cy
11、clones dont cause great damage because Australias northern territory has vast empty regions that are virtually【C9】_. There are few coastal cities. When a cyclone【C10】_move inland from the sea, it usually blows itself out without striking any inhabited area.21 【C1 】（A）to（B） for（C） of（D）on22 【C2 】（A）m
12、ake（B） cause（C） happen（D）suffer23 【C3 】（A）full（B） common（C） ordinary（D）general24 【C4 】（A）made（B） called（C） meant（D）defined25 【C5 】（A）way（B） manner（C） angle（D）feature26 【C6 】（A）However（B） And（C） But（D）Then27 【C7 】（A）In that（B） In terms of（C） Except for（D）Along with28 【C8 】（A）occur（B） rise（C） raise（D）
13、foster29 【C9 】（A）populated（B） deserted（C） unpopulated（D）undeserved30 【C10 】（A）could（B） does（C） would（D）should三、阅读理解30 Personal interviewing(面试)is most effective when all the people to be interviewed are located in a relatively small geographical area. Otherwise, the time and expense spent in traveli
14、ng from one person to another makes this type of interviewing economically impractical. Personal interviewing is usually used when the information needed is too complex to be gathered by another technique. For example, a problem being studied may require the interviewer to probe beyond the more supe
15、rficial answers that might be obtained with another method.It is sometimes assumed that personal interviewing is the most accurate of all survey research techniques. Although personal interviewing may be accurate in many cases, human errors may prevent a researcher from obtaining valid results. Ques
16、tions perceived by the interviewee(应试者)as an invasion of privacy or threatening in any way will probably produce false or partially true answers. Also, since the interviewer(面试者)must interpret the respondents statements, a certain amount of information loss results even though the respondent may be
17、answering truthfully.In spite of the problems, at least two major advantages are provided by this research technique. First, the alert interviewer can generally tell if the respondent is being truthful or if he or she is giving superficial or untrue responses. Second, the interviewer can rephrase qu
18、estions, give more explanation , or probe more deeply if the initial questions do not produce the information desired. As a result, the information gleaned should be more accurate than that provided by interviews where no one is present to clarify questions or to interpret answers.31 Sometimes a res
19、earcher cannot get valid results because _.（A）the information needed is too complex to be gathered（B） personal interviewing is the most accurate of all survey research techniques（C） personal interviewing is not as effective as other research techniques（D）both interviewer and interviewee may make mis
20、takes during the interviewing32 In the first sentence of the last paragraph, the pronoun “this“ refers to_.（A）survey（B） question（C） answering（D）personal interviewing33 According to the last paragraph, one of the advantages of the personal interviewing is _.（A）the interviewer can ask the interviewee
21、questions again in different ways（B） the interviewer can ask the interviewee some personal questions（C） the initial question do not produce the information desired（D）no one is present to clarify questions33 In the United States, boys and girls start school when they are five years old. In some state
22、s they must stay in school until they are sixteen. Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they graduate from secondary school. Another name for secondary school is high school.Most children go to public elementary and secondary schools. The parents of public school pupils do not have
23、 to pay directly for their childrens education because tax money supports the public schools. If a child attends a private school, his parents pay the school for the childs education.Today about half of the high school graduates go on to colleges and universities. Some colleges and universities rece
24、ive tax money from the government. A student at a state university does not have to pay very much if his parents live in that state. Private colleges and universities are expensive; however, almost half of the college students in the United States work while they are studying. When a students family
25、 is not rich, he has to earn money for part of his college expenses.34 The students in all the states of the U. S. must finish_school until they are_ at least.（A）high; eighteen（B） elementary; seventeen（C） secondary; sixteen（D）starting; five years old35 In America the parents whose children go to pub
26、lic schools_ for their childrens education, while the parents whose children attend private schools（A）do not pay any; will pay much money（B） pay no; pay much（C） pay directly; dont have to pay directly（D）dont pay money directly; must pay plenty of money36 About 50 per cent of the university students
27、in the United States_to get_ their college education.（A）work while studying; some money for（B） must work hard all night; earning much money for（C） work at night while study in the day; some money for（D）works while studying; part of the money for36 Searching by keyword is the most common method of us
28、ing a search engine, but the problem with keywords is the relatively imprecise results and the return of a lot of irrelevant information. Keywords may have more than one meaning and search results may be found only by using a synonym of the keyword. The method of browsing on the other hand takes too
29、 much to find the relevant information. Directories like Yahoo try to circumvent the problem, but the manual process of classifying material on the web takes up too much time, resulting in very few search results, as not everything on the web can be classified. Therefore new paradigms of searching a
30、re needed as well as new software that is able to categorize web sites automatically.The majority of search engines come from the United States and has specialized in English resources and information reflecting the American culture. People who do not speak English or who are non-native speakers hav
31、e therefore many disadvantages on the web.The centralized approach to information retrieval has extreme difficulty in coping with the multilingual and multi-cultural nature of the information society. The Internet has become a success throughout the world, but the American search engines operate wit
32、h a US-centric company structure and tend to concentrate upon the English language. Although many search engines have subsidiaries in many other countries, like Japan or Italy, the way the information is presented is the American way and may not reflect the logic of the people who are using it.Natio
33、nal search engines in Russia or France, for example, have to deal with far smaller sets of information and specialize in the cultural and linguistic environments that they know best. Their disadvantage is that the queries are in Russian or French and the search results contain only a small subset of
34、 possible results on the web, as they are restricted to the language. This strongly reduces the possibility of using the Web as a source for the worldwide diffusion of information.Larger search engines, such as Altavista are able to perform multilingual searches, which presents search results in mul
35、tiple languages. This is good, if the searcher knows all the languages, but if, for example, an Indian finds a Japanese web site on the search topic, this may not be helpful.Text documents that are in special formats(such as Postscript or Star Office Documents)are unreachable for many search engines
36、, as the textual information is embedded into the binary structure of the particular file format. The same applies to scanned documents, Java applets and video/ audio clips. The content of these file formats is hidden from search engines today. Only if the description of the file format is known and
37、 included into the search engine is it possible to add the content for certain document types. This is relatively easy, just a matter of work. Infoseek for example, is able to index the content of Word documents. More difficult is the inclusion of content that is hidden in applications, as there is
38、no way to tell where the information may be hidden.The research and development in information and data retrieval is aimed at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of retrieval. Individual and parallel development for database management systems has left this sector without a centralized vision
39、 and coordination between the different types of search engines. Search engines on the Internet are very specific and not able to cope with multiple database formats and file types. In order to make searches complete a search engine needs to search over text, documents, images, sounds and all other
40、media formats. So the database integration will be the single most important objective for the future of intelligent search engines.37 The problem with searching by keywords is_.（A）although the results are more precise the information is abundant（B） although the results are not precise the informati
41、on is not enough（C） the results are not precise and the information is more than necessary（D）none of the above38 Which of the following is true about the search engines from the U.S.?（A）All of them specialized in English resources and information.（B） They operate with a US-centric company structure
42、and tend to concentrate on various languages.（C） They provide only cultural resources and information.（D）It is not convenient for non-English speakers to use.39 It can be learnt that if an Italian uses American search engines subsidiaries in Italy he may have the problem of_.（A）not being able to fin
43、d the information that he needs（B） not knowing how to use the search engines（C） having to try to understand the American logic first（D）having to learn English first40 Search engines cannot work very efficiently today because _.（A）there is no coordination between the different types of search engines
44、（B） search engines on the Internet are very specific and not able to cope with multiple database formats and file types（C） search engines need to search over different categories to make searches complete（D）all of the above四、单词汉译英41 确认；鉴别 v i_42 地方；位置 n l_43 服从；顺从；提交 v s_44 投资 n i_45 增强 v e_46 商品；货物
45、 n m_47 参与；参加 v p_48 可用的；可获得的 adj a_49 自动化；自动 n a_50 基金；经费 n f_51 分配；分发；分布 v d_52 预置；初始化 n i_53 流行；货币 n c_54 无效果的 adj i_55 口令；密码 n p_五、单词英译汉56 on-line payment57 multi-media58 business process re-engineering(BPR)59 distribution channel60 cyberspace61 automatic replenishment62 virtual private network(
46、VPN)63 frequently asked questions(FAQ)64 direct billing65 centralized system66 supply chains67 status tracking68 back-end integration69 out of business70 potential sales六、英译汉70 【T1】Over the last few years the Internet has evolved from being a scientific network only, to a platform that is enabling a
47、 new generation of businesses. The first wave of electronic business was fundamentally the exchange of information.But, with time, more and more types of businesses have become available electronically.【T2】Nowadays we can buy goods online, book holidays or have texts translated over the Internet in
48、an instant. Home banking, for example, is one application that is already provided by most banks around the world. Looking up your balance, transferring money and other transactions are done every day by millions of people. Public administration has discovered the Internet as a means to talk to the general public at election times. And it will not be a long time before we see general elections decided on the Internet.The reason why I have called this book “The E-business(R)evolution“ is that the approach is twofold. Technology has revolutionized the way we can do busine
