1、全国自考（电子商务英语）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析一、词汇和语法1 Some people think that animal research is irrelevant _ our health and that it can often produce misleading results.（A）with（B） at（C） on（D）to2 Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to _ the peaceful transfer of power from o
2、ne party to the other.（A）make it possible（B） make possible（C） make possibly（D）make it possibly3 _their differences, they fell passionately in love with each other.（A）As for（B） Owing to（C） Despite（D）Through4 John didn t know how to get to the station, so he stopped_.（A）to ask（B） asking（C） for asking（
3、D）to asking5 Many of the human problems associated with living in the ocean are_ the problems of living in outer space.（A）just as（B） such as（C） such that（D）the same as6 No one has been able to prove that fish is_better for the brain than many other kinds of food.（A）some（B） so（C） as（D）any7 Tomatoes w
4、ere once called love apples and were supposed to make those who ate them_ in love.（A）fell（B） feel（C） fall（D）felt8 Sam and I_friends until he called me a coward.（A）were used to be（B） would be（C） used to being（D）used to be9 Our teacher wasn t happy about the grades, and _.（A）we were neither（B） neither
5、 we were（C） either we weren t（D）we weren t either10 Which is_ , North America or South America?（A）bigger（B） the biggest（C） big（D）so big11 _in the firm for so many years, he knew the people there very well.（A）To work（B） Working（C） To have worked（D）Having worked12 Whatever you say, I don t think he wo
6、uld be_to help you.（A）as selfish as to refuse（B） selfish enough to refuse（C） so selfish as to refuse（D）too selfish to refuse13 Without the sun, life as we know_.（A）would not exist（B） will not exist（C） would not have existed（D）did not exist14 Linda needn t come if she doesn t want to,_?（A）doesn t she
7、（B） does she（C） needn t she（D）need she15 It s a useful book, and, _ , not an expensive one.（A）so（B） hence（C） therefore（D）what s more16 Everyone_from the building when the fire alarm sounded.（A）approached（B） fled（C） evolved（D）flew17 The President supports a global_on nuclear testing.（A）ban（B） refusal
8、（C） bar（D）dispute18 Our teacher told us it was_that caused her to begin class half an hour later than usual.（A）we being late（B） our being late（C） us being late（D）ours being late19 There will be a full investigation to_what caused the accident.（A）do out（B） work up（C） do up（D）work out20 There is often
9、_between becoming infected and the first signs of the illness.（A）a stop（B） an interruption（C） a lag（D）a lack二、完形填空20 During recent years we have heard much about “race“ : how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the【C1】_phenomenon of race consists of a
10、few surface indications. We judge race usually from the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But【C2】_you were to remove the skin you could not tell anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is【C3】_physical structure, the brain or the
11、 internal organs to indicate a difference. There are four types of blood.【C4 】_types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the same. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will【C5】_in size, but this
12、occurs within every race. Nor does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain【C6 】_examined belonged to a person of weak mind. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had【C7】_brains. Mental tests which are reasonably accurate show no differences in intelligen
13、ce between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race.【C8】_equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. Individuals of every race cause civilization to go backward or fo
14、rward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people,【C9 】 _enable them to behave in a peculiar way. The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new【C10 】_is better and higher than anything in the past.2
15、1 【C1 】（A）complete（B） full（C） total（D）whole22 【C2 】（A）since（B） if（C） as（D）while23 【C3 】（A）something（B） everything（C） nothing（D）anything24 【C4 】（A）All（B） Most（C） No（D）Some25 【C5 】（A）remain（B） increase（C） decrease（D）vary26 【C6 】（A）ever（B） then（C） never（D）once27 【C7 】（A）big（B） small（C） minor（D）major28
16、【C8 】（A）Provided（B） Concerning（C） Given（D）Following29 【C9 】（A）and（B） but（C） though（D）so30 【C10 】（A）that（B） what（C） whichever（D）whatever三、阅读理解30 The status of women in colonial North America has been well studied and described and can be briefly summarized. Throughout the colonial period there was a
17、marked shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This favorable ratio enhanced womens status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The Puritans, the religious sect that dominated the early British colonies in North America, r
18、egarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made it absolutely necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women, married or single, was not only approved, it was regarded as a civic duty. Puritan town councils expected
19、 widows and unattached women to be self-supporting and for a long time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land. There was no social sanction against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in
20、 or out of the home. Needy children, girls as well as boys, were indentured or apprenticed and were expected to work for their keep.The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothi
21、ng was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths, gunsmiths, upholsterers. They ran mills, plantations, lanyards, shipyards, and every kind of shop, tavern, and boardinghouse. They were gatekeeper
22、s, jail keepers, sextons, journalists, printers, apothecaries, midwives, nurses, and teachers.31 According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women?（A）Puritan communities.（B） Seaports.（C） Frontier settlements.（D）Capital cities.32 The word “enhanced“ in the first pa
23、ragraph is closest in meaning to which of the following?（A）Supplemented.（B） Confirmed.（C） Improved.（D）Determined.33 According to the passage, Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be_.（A）financially responsible for herself（B） returned to England（C） supported by her family（D）trained
24、to be a nurse33 Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea“.Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant t
25、o go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the qu
26、estion “ What is at the bottom of the oceans?“ had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineer had to know the depth profile(起伏形状)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It
27、was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(测深)were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of hi
28、s findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a
29、fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification
30、 and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.34 The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on_.（A）an academic aspect（B） a military aspect（C） a business aspect（D）an international
31、aspect35 It was _that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.（A）the American Navy（B） some early intercontinental travelers（C） those who earned a living from the sea（D）the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable36 The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was_.（A）to
32、 make some sounding experiments in the oceans（B） to collect samples of sea plants and animals（C） to estimate the length of cable that was needed（D）to measure the depths of the two oceans36 There are two ways to create colors in a photograph. One method, called additive, starts with three basic color
33、s and adds them together to produce some other color. The second method, called subtractive, starts with white light(a mixture of all colors in the spectrum)and, by taking away some or all other colors, leaves the one desired. In the additive method, separate colored lights combine to produce variou
34、s other colors. The three additive primary colors are green, red, and blue(each providing about one third of the wavelengths in the total spectrum). Mixed in varying proportions, they can produce all colors. Green and red light mix to produce yellow; red and blue light mix to produce magenta; green
35、and blue mix to produce cyan. When equal parts of all three of these primary-colored beams of light overlap, the mixture appears white to the eye. In the subtractive process, colors are produced when dye(as in paint or color photographic materials)absorbs some wavelengths and so passes on only part
36、of the spectrum. The subtractive primaries are cyan(a bluish green), magenta(a purplish pink), and yellow. These are the pigments or dyes that absorb red, green, and blue wavelengths, respectively, thus subtracting them from white light. These dye colors are the complementary colors to the three add
37、itive primaries of red, green, and blue. Properly combined , the subtractive primaries can absorb all colors of light, producing black. But, mixed in varying proportions, they too can produce any color in the spectrum. Whether a particular color is obtained by adding colored lights together or by su
38、btracting some light from the total spectrum, the result looks the same to the eye. The additive process was employed for early color photography. But the subtractive method, while requiring complex chemical techniques, has turned out to be more practical and is the basis of all modern color films.3
39、7 What does the passage mainly discuss?（A）Recent development in camera technology.（B） How to make white light.（C） The additive and subtractive methods of producing color.（D）The discovery of the spectrum.38 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “passes on“ as used in paragraph ?（
40、A）Judges.（B） Lets through.（C） Dies.（D）Goes over.39 Which of the following is not a pair of additive and subtractive primary colors?（A）Yellow and blue.（B） Magenta and green.（C） Black and white.（D）Cyan and red.40 What explanation is given for the use of the subtractive method in modern color films?（A）
41、Subtractive colors are more realistic.（B） The subtractive process is more efficient.（C） Additive chemical techniques are too complex.（D）The additive process is still being developed.四、单词汉译英41 轮廓；纲要 n o_42 时间安排；期限 n t_43 同等的 adj e_44 多产的 adj p_45 繁荣 np_46 扩展 v e_47 区分 vd_48 期望的 adj e_49 广阔的；广泛的 adj e
42、_50 开始 n o_51 肯定的；阳性的 adjp_52 促进；提升 vp_53 经济；节约 n e_54 推荐 v r_55 智力的：精神的 adi m_五、单词英译汉56 spending analysis57 eCRM58 ineffective error messages59 availability check60 cross-sell61 transfer funds62 cash-flow63 particular file format64 trending tools65 sales projections66 tracks supplier67 global marke
43、tplace68 market share69 maximum value70 supply chains六、英译汉70 Communication can be the most critical aspect of whether a change strategy will succeed or fail.【T1】The degree to which information flows down through the organization can influence how well the change vision is understood and embraced. It
44、 can impact the values, behaviors and mindset of the workforce. It can either clarify or muddle a companys organizational structure and employee roles and it can enhance or detract from the culture the leadership is trying to maintain.【T2】Executives who have successfully led change efforts advocate
45、in-person discussions and meetings as the most effective communication vehicles.The degree to which information is shared across the organization can impact speed and flexibility tremendously. Lateral communication and cooperation is important to buying an innovative organization as it supports risk
46、-taking and provides tools to take action.【T3】Continuous innovation, a critical element of e-business strategy, is at the mercy of an organizations communication structure.【T4】In todays business environment, the challenge associated with communication is not simple one of volume. Instead, it is the
47、need to reach the target audience(both internal and external)with messages that include strategic, tactical and WIIFM laments. It is the need to prioritize the communications for the target audiences(so that the most important will be absorbed first), as well as the need to strike a balance between
48、too little and too much information.【T5 】In the e-business environment, building a relationship with customers is critical, and this cannot be achieved without hearing their suggestions, needs and desires. To be effective for internal audiences, communication must share what is and what is not chang
49、ing. Communication builds commitment, and is the key to overcoming resistance to the change.71 【T1】72 【T2】73 【T3】74 【T4】75 【T5】七、汉译英76 毫无疑问，直到回到家里她才发现把自行车钥匙忘在办公室里了。(no doubt)77 事实证明，父母的言行对孩子有很深的影响。(effect)78 研究表明大量喝酒的人更易得心脏病。(suffer from)79 他因没有汽车而留在家里。(as)80 那将给你以极大的竞争优势。(advantage)全国自考（电子商务英语）模拟试卷 8 答案与解析一、词汇和语法
