包头专版2018年中考化学复习练习第八章常见的酸碱盐8.2常见的酸和碱201901141155.doc

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18.2 常见的酸和碱1物质存放在烧杯中一段时间后,质量变大且变质的是( )浓盐酸 浓硫酸 烧碱 食盐 生石灰 稀硫酸A B C D2除去铜粉中的少量氧化铜,方法正确的是( )A. 在空气中加热B加入足量的水,充分搅拌后过滤C加入足量的铁粉,充分反应后过滤D加入足量的盐酸,充分反应后过滤3要鉴别氢氧化钠溶液和饱和氢氧化钙溶液,下列方法不能够达到目的的是( )A. 分别滴加 Na2CO3溶液 B分别通入 CO2C分别滴加 KCl 溶液 D分别加热原溶液至 80 4某校实验室有一批生锈的铁架台,该校九年级化学兴趣小组设计了一个铁架台翻新“三步骤”方案:用砂纸打磨铁架台 用适量稀酸清洗,水洗,晾干 防锈处理。请回答:(1)的目的是_。(2)中稀酸的作用是_,其化学方程式为_。(3)提出中防锈的两种方法的建议:_。2参考答案1C 2.D 3.C4(1)初步除去铁架台表面的铁锈(2)除净铁架台表面的铁锈 Fe 2O36HCl= =2FeCl33H 2O或 Fe2O33H 2SO4=Fe2(SO4)33H 2O(3)清洗后晾干;在铁架台表面镀锌或涂漆(答案合理即可)

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