1、江苏高考阅读理解近五年考情分布明细统计,总结近几年江苏高考阅读理解可知，选材上更注重体现现实生活。所选文章涉及话题广，蕴涵丰富的人文、科普知识，具有思想性、人文性、趣味性、实用性等特点和鲜明的时代特色。文章选材丰富多样，注重考查考生在不同的语言背景下灵活运用英语语言知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。 设题方式仍以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，符合考试大纲要求，推理判断题的比重有所加大。总体来说，语篇的难易度呈现层次性，区分度较高，高分难得，有利于高考选拔。,A,The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028 21
2、1-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org Entrances Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street Hours Open 7 days a week. Sunday-Thursday 10：00-17：30,$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students，includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊) on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult. Free wit
3、h Admission All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours，concerts，gallery talks，and family/childrens programs are free with admission. Ask about todays activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.,Friday and Saturday 10：00-21：00 Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1,
4、 and the first Monday in May. Admission,The Cloisters Museum and Gardens The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and p
5、recious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.,Hours：Open 7 days a week. March-October 10：00-17：15 November-February 10：00-16：45 Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.,【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了纽约大都会艺术博物馆的参观须知。 56.How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and he
6、r working parents visit the museum?,A.$12. B.$37. C.$50. D.$62. 答案 C 细节理解题。根据题意并结合Admission部分中的“$25.00 recommended for adults”“free for children under 12 with an adult”可知，他们应付两个成年人的门票费用。故选C。,57.The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that _.,A.it opens all the year round
7、B.its collections date from the Middle Ages C.it has a modern European-style garden D.it sells excellent European glass collections 答案 B 细节理解题。根据The Cloisters Museum and Gardens部分的前两句可知它吸引人的地方在于它的收藏品可追溯到中世纪，故选B。,B In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted (享有) a special meat
8、soup called consomm.Although the main attraction was the soup, Rozes chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant. Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants.Take visual hints t
9、hat influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta (意大利面食) when their plates matched their food.When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.,Lighting matters, too.When Berlin restaurant c
10、ustomers ate in darkness, they couldnt tell how much theyd had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none_the_wiserthey didnt feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert. Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaura
11、nts.Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend.One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart (莫扎特).When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more.Fast music hurried diners out.Particular scents a
12、lso have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender (薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.,大的,Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending“bad” tables, crowding, high pricesdont necessarily.Diners at bad tablesnext to the kitchen door, sa
13、yspent nearly as much as others but soon fled.It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned aboutbad tables”， given that theyre profitable.As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices.And doublin
14、g a buffets price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier. 【语篇解读】 本文讲述了影响餐饮业效益的几个因素。,58.The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were _.,A.not aware of eating more than usual B.not willing to share food with others C.not consci
15、ous of the food quality D.not fond of the food provided 答案 A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在餐馆里的灯光昏暗的情况下，顾客判断不出自己吃了多少食物，即使吃多了也不会觉得饱，因为他们意识不到自己比平时吃得多。故答案为A。,59.How could a fine dining shop make more profit?,A.Playing classical music. B.Introducing lemon scent. C.Making the light brighter. D.Using plates of larger
16、size. 答案 A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round：put on some Mozart.diners spent more”可知，要想让顾客在餐馆多停留、多消费，餐馆可以播放古典音乐，故A项符合题意。,60.What does the last paragraph talk about?,A.Tips to attract more customers. B.Problems restaurants are faced with. C.Ways to improv
17、e restaurants reputation. D.Common misunderstandings about restaurants. 答案 D 段落大意题。根据最后一段的首句可知，人们认为的一些会阻止顾客消费的因素都不一定会是如此；下文围绕此进行了说明。故本题答案为D项。,C If you want to disturb the car industry, youd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in
18、 agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players.By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems (生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coal
19、ition (NYFC，美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.,For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a
20、small loan from a local Slow Money group.It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per houra huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.Before the tool came o
21、ut, small farmers couldnt touch the price per pound offered by California farms.But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.,The sustainable success of small farmers, though, wont happen without fundamental changes to the industry.
22、One crucial factor is secure access to land.Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning ones own land unattainable for many new farmers.From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions. Another challenge for more th
23、an a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenshipthe greatest barrier to building a farm of their own.With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering (多于) farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nations farmland in need of a new
24、 farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nations food.,There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers cant clumsily put them together before us.We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase f
25、armland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 【语篇解读】 本文呈现了美国小农场的特
26、点及其目前发展面临的问题。,61.The author mentions car industry, at the beginning of the passage to introduce _.,A.the progress made in car industry B.a special feature of agriculture C.a trend of development in agriculture D.the importance of investing in car industry 答案 B 推理判断题。文章开头作者提到Mom-and-pop汽车制造商不可能打败最大的汽
27、车公司，以此为例引出文章的主题，随后介绍了美国农业的特点，故选B。,62.What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?,A.Loans to small local farmers are necessary. B.Technology is vital for agricultural development. C.Competition between small and big farms is fierce. D.Small farmers may gain some advantage
28、s over big ones. 答案 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的例子和该段中的“suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California”可知，小农场主可以获得比大农场主更多的好处。故选D。,63.What is the difficulty for those new farmers?,A.To gain more financial aid. B.To hire good farm managers. C.To have farms of their own. D
29、.To win old farmers support. 答案 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One crucial factor.for many new farmers”可知，很多新农场主无法获得他们自己的土地，这是他们的困难所在。故选C。,64.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?,A.Seek support beyond NYFC. B.Expand farmland conservation. C.Become members of NYFC. D.Invest more to i
30、mprove technology. 答案 A 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句以及最后一段中的“We at the NYFC need broad support.all backgrounds”可知，除了需要NYFC的支持，农场主还需要获得其他的帮助。故选A。,D Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned. It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their
31、status by how much public approval they get online, often through “likes”.Some change their behaviour in real life to improve their image on the web. The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Childrens Commissioner (专员) Anne Longfield.She said social media firms were exposing c
32、hildren to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.,Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips ar
33、ound potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friendsand friends of friendsto demand “likes” for their online posts. The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock. Children aged 8 to 10 wer
34、e “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts.However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”， suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.,Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked gr
35、owing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media”. She said: “Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when
36、they are in primary school.But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.” As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, i
37、n terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves”.,Miss Longfield added: “Then there is this push to connectif you go offline，will you miss something, will you miss out，will you show that you dont care about those people you are following, all of those come toget
38、her in a huge way at once.” “For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally.” The Childrens Commissioner for Englands studyLife in Likesfound that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play. However, the researchinvolving eight groups of 32 children a
39、ged 8 to 12suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.,By the time they started secondary schoolat age 11children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found. Howeve
40、r, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities (名人) or more brilliant friends online.The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the dayespecially at secondar
41、y school when more youngsters have mobile phones.,The Childrens Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield (雷区) they faced online.And she said social media companies must also “take more responsibility”.They should either monitor their webs
42、ites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. Javed Khan, of childrens charity Barnardos, said: “Its vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to
43、deal with the growing demands of social media. “Its also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，内容是关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的。,65.Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?,A.They were not provided with adequate equipment. B.They were not we
44、ll prepared for emotional risks. C.They were required to give quick responses. D.They were prevented from using mobile phones. 答案 B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“social media firms.they faced online”可知，一些中学生感到压力大的原因是他们没有准备好应对情感风险。故选B项。,66.Some social app companies were to blame because _.,A.they didnt adequately ch
45、eck their users registration B.they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters C.they encouraged youngsters to post more photos D.they didnt stop youngsters from staying up late 答案 A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Some social apps.at least 13”可知，据说一些社交媒体应用软件要求其用户至少13岁，然而它们很受儿童(13岁以下)欢迎，由此可推知，这些社交媒体软件公司应该受责备的原因是
46、它们没有充分检查用户的注册信息。,67.Childrens comparing themselves to others online may lead to _.,A.less friendliness to each other B.lower self-identity and confidence C.an increase in online cheating D.a stronger desire to stay online 答案 B 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“children compared themselves.to develop themselves”可知，儿童在网络
47、上拿自己和他人对比可能导致他们有较低的自我认同和更不自信。故选B项。,68.According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to _.,A.circulate their posts quickly B.know the qualities of their posts C.use mobile phones for play D.get more public approval 答案 D 推理判断题。根据倒数第六段中的“as they headed.increasingly anxious onli
48、ne”和倒数第五段“By the time .the report found”可推知，孩子越大，就越渴望得到更多的公共认同。故选D项。,69.What should parents do to solve the problem?,A.Communicate more with secondary schools. B.Urge media companies to create safer apps. C.Keep track of childrens use of social media. D.Forbid their children from visiting the web. 答
49、案 C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Its also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using”可知，父母应该追踪孩子对社交媒体的使用。故选C项。,70.What does the passage mainly talk about?,A.The influence of social media on children. B.The importance of social media to children. C.The problem in building a healthy relationship. D.The measure to reduce risks from social media. 答案 A 主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了社交媒体对孩子的影响。故选A项。,
