1、Unit 4 Global warming,-2-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记阅读单词】 1.consume vt.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完 2.graph n.图表;坐标图;曲线图 3.random adj.胡乱的;任意的 4.phenomenon n.现象 5.subscribe vi.同意;捐赠;订阅 vt.签署(文件);捐助 6.fuel n.燃料 7.per prep.每;每一 8.catastrophe n.大灾难;浩劫 mitment n.承诺;交托;信奉 10.motor n.发动机 11.can n.容器;罐头 12.microwa
2、ve n.微波炉;微波 13.presentation n.显示;演出 14.nuclear adj.核的;核能的;原子核的,-3-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【拼写高频单词】1.quantity n.量;数量 2.tend vi.趋向;易于;照顾 vt.照顾;护理 3.data n.资料;数据 4.trend n.趋势;倾向;走向 5.flood n.洪水;水灾 6.mild adj.温和的;温柔的;淡的 7.state vt.陈述;说明 8.range n.种类;范围 9.glance vi.看一下;扫视 n.一瞥 10.tendency n.倾向;
3、趋势 11.widespread adj.分布广的;普遍的 12.average adj.平均的 13.outer adj.外部的;外面的,-4-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,14.advocate vt.拥护;提倡;主张 15.pollution n.污染;弄脏 16.electrical adj.电的;与电有关的 17.casual adj.随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的 18.circumstance n.环境;情况 19.refresh vt.使恢复;使振动 20.educator n.教育工作者;教育家,-5-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积
4、累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【拓展核心单词】 1.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的;对立的 2.consequence n.结果;后果;影响consequent adj.作为结果的 3.steady adj.平稳的;持续的;稳固的steadily adv.平稳地;持续地 4.existence n.生存;存在exist vi.生存;存在;有 5.pollution n.污染;弄脏pollute vt.污染;腐蚀 6.growth n.增长;生长grow v.增长;生长 7.contribution n.贡献contribute v.捐助;贡献 8.
5、disagreement n.分歧;不一致agreement n.协定;协议 agree vi.达成协议;同意,-6-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.名词变复数的不规则变化 phenomenonphenomena 现象 mediummedia 媒体 datumdata 数据 criterioncriteria 标准 bacteriumbacteria 细菌 2.与“电”有关的单词荟萃 electric adj.电的;电动的 electrical adj.电的;与电有关的 electricity n.电;电流 electrician n.电工;电学家 el
6、ectronic adj.电子的 electrics n.电学 power n.电力;电源,-7-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,3.与“灾难”有关的名词集锦 earthquake地震 catastrophe大灾难 disaster灾难 flood洪灾 survivor幸存者 victim受难者 4.average用法小结 an average of平均有(后跟数词) on average平均起来 above average平均以上 below average平均以下 average out达到平均数,-8-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联
7、想归纳,仿造句子,5.advocate用法小结 advocate doing sth.主张干某事 an advocate of的倡导者 advocate that.(should)do sth.提倡做某事 6.quantity用法小结 a large quantity of大量的 quantities of大量的 in quantity大量,-9-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记】 1.subscribe to 同意;赞成;订购 2.keep on 继续 3.on the whole 大体上;基本上 4.heat up 升温,加热 5.run out
8、用完,耗尽,-10-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【默写】 1.发生;造成 come about 2.大量的 quantities of 3.上升;增长;升起 go up 4.导致 result in 5.反对 be opposed to,6.即使 even if 7.代表一方;作为的代言人 on behalf of 8.忍受;容忍 put up with 9.只要 so long as 10.等等 and so on,-11-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.“动词+about”短语荟萃 come about发生 b
9、ring about带来 think about考虑 learn about得知 2.“动词+up with”结构的短语一览 catch up with跟上(强调动作) keep up with与同步;跟上(强调状态) put up with忍耐;忍受 come up with提出;想出 end up with以结束,-12-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer. 毫无疑问,地球正在变暖 考点提炼There is no doubt that.句型。that引
10、导同位语从句,解释说明doubt的内容。 2.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,turn it off! 只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以把它开着,如果不用就把它关掉! 考点提炼so/as long as “只要”,引导条件状语从句。,-13-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.毫无疑问,这些理论全都是错误的。 There is no doubt that these theories are all wrong. 2.只要你每天都不虚度
11、,你就会成功。 Youll make it so long as you make every day count.,-14-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,All scientists subscribe to the view 1.that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal,natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process 2.
12、are called(call)“greenhouse” gases,the most important one of 3. which is carbon dioxide.Dr Janice Foster explains:“There 4. is (be)a natural phenomenon that scientists call the greenhouse effect.This is when small amounts of 5.gases(gas)in the atmosphere,like carbon dioxide,methane and water vapour,
13、trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.,-15-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,6.Without the greenhouse effect,the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius 7. cooler (cool)than it is.So,we need those gases.The problem begins when we add huge 8.quantities(quantity)of extra carbon
14、 dioxide into the atmosphere.9. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere 10.causing(cause)the global temperature to go up.”,-16-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,1.tend vi.趋向;易于;照顾 vt.照顾;护理 【教材原句】It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global tem
15、perature to go up. 它意味着更多的热量将被困在大气层中,从而引起全球气温上升。 派生tendency n.趋向;倾向(常与to/towards连用) 领悟高考究考法 用tend的适当形式填空 (1)Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny.(2016全国,阅读理解D) 读者们也往往分享让人激动或有趣的文章。 (2)He always has a tendency to Latin music. 他对拉丁音乐一直情有独钟。,-17-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,翻译句子 (3)Pe
16、ople who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories per meal. 吃饭慢的人每顿饭可能要少消耗大约 70 卡路里。 (4)These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore. 这些恰恰就是我们很多人容易忽视的花销。 (5)People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.(2018天津,阅读理解B) 人们往往会对身边的美视而不见。,-18-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,2.result in
17、导致;引起(句子的主语是原因,宾语是结果) 【教材原句】They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他们还赞同下述观点:正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。 领悟高考究考法 完成句子 (1)Their wings can bridge the gap between lines,resulting in electrocution(电死)if they touch two lin
18、es at once.(2016北京,阅读理解C) 他们的翅膀可以在线与线之间搭桥,如果他们一次碰触两根线会立刻导致电死。,-19-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,(2)As we all know,his success resulted from his hard work. 众所周知,努力工作使他取得了成功。 (3)The exam was of vital importance for me.As a result,I had no choice but to completely focus on my study. 这次考试对我来说非常重要,因此,我别无选择只好集中全部精力学
19、习。 (4)Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.(2018天津,阅读理解A) 胡乱地使用灭火器可能会给其他居民造成危险,并可能导致个人财产受损。,-20-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,联想拓展记考点 (1)result from.由而引起,因而导致;宾语是导致某事的原因,主语是结果。 (2)as a result 结果(做状语);常置于句首,
20、并用逗号和后面的句子隔开。 (3)as a result of.由于;在句中特指引起某种结果的原因时,用定冠词代替不定冠词a。 (4)without result 毫无结果。,-21-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,3.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量 opposed adj.反对的;对立的 【教材原句】On the other hand,there are those,like George Hambley,who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels
21、 of carbon dioxide in the air. 另一方面,还有一些人,像科学家乔治汉布利,反对上述观点。他们认为我们不必要担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。,-22-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,领悟高考究考法 完成句子 (1)This is opposed to the“early bird”schedule. 这与“早起的人”的作息时间表相反。 (2)Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.(2017全国,阅读理
22、解C) 很多农场主反对该计划,因为他们担心灰狼会杀害他们农场的动物或宠物。 联想拓展记考点 (1)oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事 (2)oppose sth.to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗 (3)be opposed to.反对;与对立,-23-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,4.range n.种类;范围;幅度;界限 v.(在一定范围内)变动;变化;排列 【教材原句】It will make plants grow quicker;crops will produce more;it wi
23、ll encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better. 它使植物成长更快,庄稼产量更高,还会促进动物的生长所有这些都能改善人类的生活。 领悟高考究考法 完成句子 (1)Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways.(2018全国,七选五) 在两个主要方面,在这一范围内的颜色选择比小颜色的选择要高出一步。,-24-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,1,(2)
24、Moreover,with the stadium set up,a wide range of sports events are able to be held,of which ping-pong,football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.(2018全国,书面表达) 此外,随着体育场的建立,可以举办各种各样的体育赛事,其中,乒乓球、足球和跑步比赛广受欢迎。 (3)Cups and plates were neatly ranged on her shelves. 杯子和盘子整齐地排列在她的架子上。 联想
25、拓展记考点 (1)a wide range of 一系列;种类繁多 (2)in/out of the range of.在/超出的范围 (3)range from.to.在范围内变动;包括由到之间的各类事物 (4)range between.and.在和范围内变动,-25-,核心词汇,核心句式,It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not,turn it off! 只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以把它开着,如果不用就把它关掉! 分析提炼究考法 (1)so/as long as“只要”
26、,引导条件状语从句。as long as还可表示“与一样长”。 (2)as well as也;和;和一样好 (3)as soon as一就 (4)as far as就而言;至于;远到,-26-,核心词汇,核心句式,领悟考法用考点 用as long as,as far as,as soon as或者as well as填空 (1)We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take.(2016天津,阅读理解A)
27、 (2)As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.(2016全国乙,七选五) (3)As far as I am concerned,only by studying hard at ordinary time can you succeed eventually. (4)This line measures four times as long as that one. (5)Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible.(2016北京,完形填空),-27-,.
28、单句填空 1.Not all the people at present were opposed(oppose) to what he stated.,2.People tend to take (take) pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.(2018浙江,七选五) 3.As long as one doesnt come to rely on it,wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.(2017天津,阅读理解D)
29、4.When he began practicing,he took it very casually (casual).(2017江苏,完形填空) 5.Many people do not believe the existence(exist)of the ghosts. 6.You dont get to choose your teachers or your family,but you still have to put up with them.(201610浙江,七选五) 7.The temperature ranges from 15 to 35 degrees.,-28-,
30、11.When tired,you can refresh yourself (you) with a cup of tea.,8.Do well in school.No matter how boring it is now,education(educate)will help you be a productive member in society.(201610浙江,七选五) 9.If successful,the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK,
31、the hotel said in a statement(state).(201610浙江,阅读理解B) 10.It is a logical consequence(consequent) of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.(2017北京,阅读理解D),12.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.(2018天津,阅读理解A),-29-,.话题写作(新闻报道) (一)根据提示翻译句子 1.我每
32、天在漓江边散步的时候,总可以看到江面飘着很多垃圾,如塑料袋、果皮等等。(quantities of;and so on) Every day I walk along the Lijiang River,I can often see quantities of rubbish such as plastic bags,fruit peels and so on floating on the river. 2.这些垃圾导致漓江的水变得很脏。(result in) The rubbish results in the dirty water. 3.即使我们每天都说着要保护环境,但是仍有很多人在
33、乱扔垃圾。(keep on;even if) Many people keep on throwing rubbish even if we call to protect the environment every day.,-30-,4.我真想知道是什么造成这种陋习。(come about) I wonder how this sort of bad habit comes about. 5.总的来说,我强烈反对而且不能容忍这种行为。(on the whole;be opposed to;put up with) On the whole,I am strongly opposed to
34、and cant put up with the behaviour of this kind. 6.因为污染,地球面临全球温度上升。(because of) The earth is facing a global warming because of pollution. 7.我代表爱护环境的朋友们告诉大家,只要我们自己注意,我们就可以创造出一个美丽的环境。(on behalf of;so long as) On behalf of those who take good care of the environment,I would like to say as long as we c
35、an behave ourselves,we can create a beautiful environment.,-31-,(二)将第(一)题中的句子,按照合理的逻辑顺序,加入适当的过渡词,连句成篇。根据表达的需要可适当增加细节。 Every day I walk along the Lijiang River,I can often see quantities of rubbish such as plastic bags,fruit peels and so on floating on the river.There is no doubt that it is the rubbi
36、sh that results in the dirty water in the Lijiang River.As we can see,many people keep on throwing rubbish even if we call to protect the environment every day,so I wonder how this sort of bad habit comes about.On the whole,I am strongly opposed to and cant put up with the behaviour of this kind,for
37、 we have to realize that the earth is facing a global warming because of pollution.,-32-,Hopefully and sincerely,on behalf of those who take good care of the environment,I would like to say as long as we can behave ourselves and start from ourselves to protect the earth,we can create a beautiful environment.,
