1、1Unit 5 First aid .阅读理解Benjamin West,the father of American painting,showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days,a brush was made from camels hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that
2、 cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long,the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱).His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about
3、 to improve.That year,one of Benjamins cousins,Mr.Pennington,came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamins drawings.When he went home,he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin
4、had ever seen. In 1747,when Benjamin was nine years old,Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city,Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating o
5、il paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景) painting.William Williams,a well-known painter,came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little,having been a poor student.But he
6、 later said,“Those two books were my companions by day,and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.【语篇导读】本杰明韦斯特从六岁时就表现出了绘画的天分。没有画刷,他就从猫身上割下
7、毛发自制画刷。他的表兄被他的画作所吸引,给他寄来了画刷和颜料,这是他第一次使用画刷和颜料绘制作品。当本杰明九岁的时候,他的表兄带他去了费城,给了他绘制油画的材料。大艺术家威廉威廉姆斯被本杰明的画作所吸引,给了他两本古典绘画图书,这两本书成了他古典绘画的启蒙老师,促使他立志成为一名艺术家。1.What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D.The frie
8、ndship between Benjamin and Pennington.答案 C2解析 主旨大意题。本文介绍了本杰明韦斯特在六岁到九岁时对绘画的热爱,他所面临的问题以及大艺术家威廉威廉姆斯对他的影响及帮助,引导着他走上了艺术家的道路。因此 C项正确。2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A.The cat would be closely watched.B.The cat would get some medical care.C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
9、D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.答案 D解析 句意猜测题。画线句是第三段的段首,其作用应是引出本段的内容。由上文可知,本杰明没有画刷就从猫身上割毛制作画刷。画线句后面的意思是,本杰明的表兄给他带来了画刷和颜料。故画线句子的意思应该是与本杰明需要画刷有关,因此 D项正确。3.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A.He took him to see painting exhibitions.B.He provided him with painting materi
10、als.C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D.He taught him how to make engravings.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.”以及最后一段中的“In the city,Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知,表兄给本杰明提供了画刷等绘画材料来帮助他学习绘画,故 B项正确。4.Williams two books
11、helped Benjamin to . A.master the use of paintsB.appreciate landscape paintingsC.get to know other paintersD.make up his mind to be a painter答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知,这两本书对他的影响更多的是在精神方面,而
12、不是知识方面,这两本书坚定了他的梦想,引导着这个九岁的男孩走上了绘画的道路。故 D项正确。.完形填空(2018天津)No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own 1 . I learned this lesson from a(n) 2 many years ago.I took the head 3 job at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tra
13、dition for the schools old team to play against the 4 team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didnt even practice 3to 5 the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldnt 6 I had
14、 got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it,I came to 7 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia,but they were 8 me.I had to change my 9 about their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 10 .Most important,I began to treat them like
15、 11 .That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their 12 ,we met every day and 13 passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our 14 on the spring practice field,we won our first game and our second,and continued to 15 .Finally,we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it
16、would be a 16 for us even if we lost the game.But that wasnt what happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia,giving me one of the greatest 17 of my life! From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 18 the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pu
17、shed and 19 them.I helped them to see themselves 20 ,and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made,not born.【语篇导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。没有人天生就是赢家。多年前的一次经历让“我”明白了这个道理:人们都是通过自己的努力成为赢家的。1.A.luck B.tests C.efforts D.nature答案 C解析 上一句提到,没有人天生就是赢家,故本句表达“人们通过自己的努力让自己成为赢家”。luck“运气”;test“考试,测验”;effort“努力”;natur
18、e“自然界,本能”。故选 C项。2.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show答案 B解析 作者下文讲述了自己的一次经历,故本句句意为“我从多年前的一次经历中明白了这个道理”。experiment“实验”;experience“经历,经验”;visit“参观,拜访”;show“展示,展览”。故选B项。3.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching答案 D解析 句意:我在佐治亚州巴克斯利的一所学校里担任主教练的工作。根据第三段第三句“Being the coach of the new team,I was e
19、xcited.”可知,“我”担任的是教练一职。故选 D项。4.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new答案 D解析 句意:春季训练结束时,一支老球队与一支新成立的球队对抗是这所学校的传统。根据第三句中的“Being the coach of the new team,.”可知本题的答案为 new。故选 D项。5.A.cheer for B.prepare for C.help with D.finish with4答案 B解析 句意:那支老球队没有教练,他们甚至没有为准备这次比赛进行训练。根据下一句中的“I was excited because I kn
20、ew we were going to win”可知,那支老球队没有为比赛做准备。cheer for“为欢呼”;prepare for“为做准备”;help with“在方面帮助”;finish with“完成”。故选 B项。6.A.believe B.agree C.describe D.regret答案 A解析 句意:我不能相信我会处于这样的境地。believe“相信”;agree“同意”;describe“描述”;regret“后悔,遗憾”。上一句提到,对方球队没有教练,也没有为比赛做准备,这种情况下,我们被击败了,所以我不敢相信这一情况。故选 A项。7.A.realize B.clai
21、m C.permit D.demand答案 A解析 句意:仔细考虑后,我逐渐意识到我的球队可能不是佐治亚州最好的球队。realize“意识到”;claim“声称”;permit“允许”;demand“要求,请求”。根据句中的“Thinking hard about it”可知,“我”逐渐意识到了。故选 A项。8.A.reacting to B.looking forC.depending on D.caring about答案 C解析 句意:但是他们信赖我。由下一段中“我”的举措以及最后“我”的球队击败了佐治亚州最好的球队可知,队员们对“我”非常信赖。react to“对做出反应”;look
22、for“寻找”;depend on“依赖,依靠”;care about“关心,在乎”。故选 C项。9.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention答案 B解析 句意:我不得不改变我对他们的能力和潜力的看法。decision“决定”;attitude“看法”;conclusion“结论”;intention“意图,打算”。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“the attitude of the leader”可知,作者对队员们的能力和潜力的看法发生了转变。故选 B项。10.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship
23、答案 A解析 句意:我开始尽我所能来帮助他们增强自豪感。pride“自尊,自豪”;culture“文化”;fortune“运气”;relationship“关系”。由上一段可知,“我”训练的球队被一支没有教练、没有准备的球队击败,故队员们的自尊心受到重创。故选 A项。11.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners答案 C解析 句意:最重要的是,我开始把他们作为赢家来对待。leader“领导”;partner“搭档,合作伙伴”;winner“赢家,获胜者”;learner“学习者”。由倒数第二段第二句中的“Instead of seeing my boy
24、s as losers”可知,“我”是按照赢家的标准来训练队员的。故选 C项。12.A.rewards B.vacations C.health D.honor答案 B5解析 句意:那个夏天,当其他球队在享受假期时,我们每天都集合。reward“奖赏”;vacation“假期”;health“健康”;honor“荣誉”。此处用来表达“我”的球队的付出。故选 B项。13.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced答案 D解析 句意:我们每天集合,训练传球和踢球。risk“冒险”;miss“错过,思念”;consider“考虑,认为”;practice“训
25、练”。故选 D项。14.A.defeat B.decline C.accident D.mistake答案 A解析 句意:在我们遭受失败的六个月后,我们迎来了第一场和第二场比赛。defeat“失败”;decline“下降,衰退”;accident“事故”;mistake“错误”。第二段提到我们和老球队的比赛是失败的。故选 A项。15.A.relax B.improve C.expand D.defend答案 B解析 句意:我们不断提高。relax“放松”;improve“提高”;expand“扩张,扩展”;defend“防御”。上文提到我们艰苦训练,下一句讲述我们要与佐治亚州最棒的球队对抗。故
26、选 B项。16.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor答案 C解析 句意:最终,我们要面对佐治亚州最棒的球队,即使失败了,对我们来说也是胜利。shame“羞愧,羞耻”;burden“负担”;victory“胜利”;favor“恩惠,帮助”。故选 C项。17.A.chances B.thrills C.concerns D.offers答案 B解析 句意:我的队员们击败了佐治亚州最棒的球队,成为我一生中最兴奋的经历之一。chance“机会”;thrill“兴奋,震颤,令人兴奋的经历”;concern“关心,担心”;offer“提供(的东西),出价”。故选 B项。18
27、.A.surprise B.serve C.interest D.affect答案 D解析 句意:从这次经历中,我明白了领导者的态度会影响球队的队员。surprise“使惊讶”;serve“服务”;interest“使感兴趣”;affect“影响”。上一段讲述了“我”对队员们态度的变化带来了球队的胜利。故选 D项。19.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed答案 A解析 句意:不是把他们作为失败者来对待,我督促和鼓励他们。encourage“鼓励”;observe“观察”;protect“保护”;impress“给以深刻的印象”。故选 A
28、项。20.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently答案 D解析 句意:我帮助他们认识到自己与众不同,他们把自己锻造成赢家。honestly“诚实地”;individually“各自地,分别地”;calmly“镇静地,平静地”;differently“不同地”。由上一句可知,正是因为“我”对球员态度的不同,才使得他们获得成功。故选 D项。6.概要写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。Everyone looks forward to progress.Progress shows a persons ability to
29、 change the way he is living at the moment.Progress means a better way of doing things.However,all these remains true only when people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.However,in the minds of many people,especially those who miss the “
30、good old days”,progress comes with a price.Now communication becomes efficient.With the communication gadgets like mobile phones and iPads,people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally.A personal visit has the additional benefit of being in the persons presence for as long as t
31、he visit lasts.With progress also comes mass production.Factories have improved efficiency.Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done.However,with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of
32、 the personal touch when making these products.For example,many handcrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory.Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand,mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.Nevertheless,
33、we must not analyze progress only from one point of view.In fact,progress has allowed tradition to keep up.It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state.New technology is required for old products to stay old.It is peoples
34、attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.Technology is flexible.There is no fixed way of making use of it.Everything depends on peoples attitude.参考范文Though commonly expected,progress can benefit people only with their acceptance of modern technology
35、and pursuit of efficiency.(要点 1) However,to some people,advanced communication devices are to blame for the loss of personal visit despite their high efficiency.(要点 2)The machine-made products also lack personal touch and uniqueness.(要点 3) In fact,technological progress makes it possible for old 7products to survive.(要点 4) Thus,it is peoples attitude that decides the use of technology.(要点 5)
