1、1Unit 1 A land of diversity.阅读理解A(2017浙江)Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation,51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early.Last year the Foundati
2、on reported that nearly 60% of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day,and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest:most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours.For most school-age chi
3、ldren,ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime?Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on,and there are more opportunit
4、ies(机会) to stay awake,with more homework,the Internet and the phone,” says Dr.Mary Carskadon,a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Other experts say part of the problem is c
5、hemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics,but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers,some school districts have decided to start high school classes la
6、ter than they used to.Three years ago,schools in Edina,Minnesota,changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.Students,parents and teachers are pleased with the results.【语篇导读】研究表明,大部分美国孩子已经形成了不良的睡眠习惯。他们入睡晚,睡眠不足。其原因是电视、手机、网络、作业等一些令他们兴奋的事情影响了他们,导致身体内激素水平的变化,进而使得他们入睡晚。对此,学校也采取了改变上学时间等措施来解决此类问题。1.What
7、 is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A.American kids sleeping habits.B.Teenagers sleep-related diseases.C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness. D.Learning problems and lack of sleep.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据后文的介绍可知,美国“全国睡眠基金会”的调查针对的是美国 10至 18岁少年睡眠时间不足的情况及其影响,而不是疾病、失眠或学习问题。故选 A项。2.How many hours of s
8、leep do 11-year-olds need every day?2A.7 hours. B.8 hours. C.10 hours. D.18 hours.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For most school-age children,ten hours is ideal.”可知,对于 11岁的孩子来说,每天 10小时的睡眠时间是最理想的,故 C项正确。3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.B.T
9、hey tend to do things that excite them.C.They follow their parents examples.D.They dont need to go to school early.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.”可知,孩子们不睡觉的原因是他们在睡前倾向于做一些令他们兴奋的事情,故 B项是根本原因。本题易误选 A项,而根据“Othe
10、r experts say.”可知 A项所表述的并非是 Carskadon的观点,故排除 A项。BThroughout the whole year,the 60 museums and theatres in Hannover,Germany,will feature one top event after another.It bears the title of UNESCO(United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization)City of Music and takes its place in the in
11、ternational UNESCO network of Creative Cities.The range of musical education facilities(设施),the citys impressive achievements in the music and creative business,the wide range of performancesfrom pop,rock and jazz right through to ancient,classical and new musicand its many top-class choirs(合唱团) wer
12、e all factors that convinced the UNESCO Committee in Paris.There is music in the air in Hannover all year round:the A cappella week(25 April-3 May) and the Masala World Beat Festival(17 June-28 June),for example,take their audiences on a pleasant trip.Every year on Ascension Day,Hannover is transfor
13、med into the capital of jazz when it attracts tens of thousands to listen to excellent jazz music from all over the globe.“Simply making music”is the motto of the global music festival“Fte de la Musique”.Like hundreds of other cities throughout the world,Hannover celebrates this major festival for t
14、olerance(包容) and international understanding on 21 June every year.Terrific(极好的) bands will take the stage at the NDR Plaza Festival and the N-Joy Starshow(29 & 30 May).Music lovers can also look forward to the Fhrmannsfest(31 July-2 August).3Every year,visitors can find out for themselves just how
15、good Hannover Region sounds during the “Kultursommer”,when classical music events are on the bill in the HCC Kuppelsaal,the largest concert hall anywhere in Germany.In 2015,the International Joseph Joachim Violin Competition will be held between 27 September and 10 October.Every three years,Stiftung
16、 Niedersachsen invites outstanding young violinists from all over the world to compete here in Hannover. 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。汉诺威是德国下萨克森州的首府。由于其丰富的音乐活动和浓厚的艺术氛围,它被联合国教科文组织评为“音乐之城”。4.Whats the second paragraph mainly about?A.Why music is popular in Hannover.B.What music we can enjoy in Hannover.C.How to convi
17、nce the UNESCO Committee.D.What makes Hannover a UNESCO City of Music.答案 D解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“.all factors that convinced the UNESCO Committee in Paris.”可知,该段主要介绍了汉诺威被联合国教科文组织评为“音乐之城”的原因。5.What can be inferred about Fte de la Musique?A.It encourages people to make simple music.B.Its the biggest music e
18、vent in Germany.C.A variety of music is played during it.D.It includes many music competitions.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Simply making musicis the motto of the global music festivalFte de la Musique.Hannover celebrates this major festival for tolerance(包容) and international understanding.”可知,Fte de la Mu
19、sique 这一音乐节仅仅关乎音乐,并且体现了包容和国际化这一主题。由此可推测,在这一音乐节上会有不同类型的音乐被演奏。6.Which of the following events lasts longest?A.The Fhrmannsfest.B.Fte de la Musique.C.The N-Joy Starshow.D.The Masala World Beat Festival.答案 D解析 细节理解题。通读全文可知,四个音乐节的举办时间分别为 7月 31日8 月 2日,6 月 21日,5月 29、30 日,6 月 17日6 月 28日。由此不难看出,Masala World
20、Beat Festival 持续的时间最长。7.The underlined words “Stiftung Niedersachsen” in the last paragraph is most probably the name of . 4A.a university B.a famous bandC.an organization D.a famous person答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一句内容可知,Stiftung Niedersachsen 每三年都会邀请全球范围内的优秀小提琴选手来汉诺威参加比赛,由此判断它应该是一个机构的名称。.七选五Some people bel
21、ieve that really successful students are just born that way.1. However,the vast majority of successful students achieve their success by developing and applying effective study habits. 2. Successful students typically space their work out over shorter periods of time and rarely try to crowd all of t
22、heir studying into just one or two sessions.If you want to become a successful student,then you must have regular,yet shorter,study periods.Plan when youre going to study.Successful students schedule specific time throughout the week when they are going to complete their studyingand then they stick
23、with their schedule.3. Study at the same time.Not only is it important that you plan when youre going to study but also that you create a consistent daily study routine and stick with it.Thus,youll be mentally and emotionally more prepared for each study session and each study session will become mo
24、re productive.Have a specific goal in each study time.4. You need to know exactly what you need to accomplish during each study session.Before you start studying,set a study session goal that supports your overall academic goal. Never delay your planned study session.Its very easy to put off your st
25、udy session because of lack of interest in the subject,because you have other things you need to get done first or just because the assignment is hard.5. If you delay your study session,your studying will become much less effective.Delay also leads to rushing,and rushing is the number one cause of e
26、rrors. A.Students who study occasionally dont perform as well as students who have a set study schedule.B.Use study groups effectively.C.Start with the most difficult subject first.D.Dont try to crowd all your studying into one session.E.True,some students are able to finish school with little effor
27、t.5F.Successful students do not put off studying.G.Simply studying without direction is not effective.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了五种有效的学习习惯。1.E 上文提到一些人认为成功的学生天生就该成功,下文提到绝大多数成功的学生是通过培养有效的学习习惯并加以应用而取得成功的,E 项“诚然,一些学生付出很少的努力就能完成学业”与上下文衔接紧密,符合语境。2.D 根据下文“Successful students.rarely try to crowd all of their
28、studying into just one or two sessions.”可知,D 项“不要将所有学习集中在一段时间”能概括本段内容。故选 D项。3.A 上文提到成功的学生会安排整周特定的时间来完成学习,然后坚持他们的日程安排,A 项“那些偶尔学习的学生没有那些有学习计划的学生表现好”与之相呼应,且符合本段主题。故选 A项。4.G 根据本部分小标题“Have a specific goal in each study time.”可知,G 项“只是一味地学习而没有方向是没有效率的”与本部分小标题相呼应,符合语境。故选 G项。5.F 本段主要介绍永远不要拖延你计划好的学习时间,故 F项“成
29、功的学生不会拖延学习”符合本段主旨。故选 F项。.语篇填空(2018全国)Im not sure 1. is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at 2. top of her lungs.That
30、makes her baby scream,and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the 3. (loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid 4. (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 5. (challenge). My name is Mireya Ma
31、yor.Im a 6. (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching 7. these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.No one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find8. (they) alive.True t
32、o a gorillas unaggressive nature,the huge animal9. (mean) me no real harm.He was just saying:“Im king of this forest,and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered,he allowed me10.(stay) and watch.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为研究灵长类动物的科学家,在中非密林中偶遇大猩猩的一次经历。61.who 考查名词性从句。Im not sure 后面接宾语从句,所
33、以用 who指“我”不确定“我”和母猩猩两者中谁更害怕一点。2.the 考查冠词。at the top of 为固定短语,意思是“在顶端”。 3.loudest 考查副词最高级。the 和 of all都提示要用最高级。 4.looking 考查非谓语动词。avoid 后面要接动词-ing 形式做宾语,所以用 looking。5.challenged 考查非谓语动词。feel 为系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,challenged “受到挑战的”。6.scientist 考查名词。前面有冠词 a,所以此处需要用名词,且为单数形式。7.for 考查介词。search for“搜索,寻找”。 8.them 考查人称代词。动词 find后面加宾语,所以需要用 they的宾格形式。9.meant 考查动词时态。前后句提示这里需要用过去时态,mean 的过去式为 meant。10.to stay 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。
