2018年高中历史第四单元构建资产阶级代议制的政治框架单元优化总结课件新人教版选修220190125485.ppt

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单元优化总结,第四单元 构建资产阶级代议制的政治框架,整合一 美国总统制与英国君主立宪制的异同,整合二 资产阶级代议制的特点和作用 1.特点 (1)具有形式上代表民意行使国家权力的议会.议会由议员组成,议员由普选产生.国家重大立法和重大决策都须经议会讨论并经多数通过,议会享有立法权、财政权和行政监督权.代议制是一种间接的民主形式.由于各国政体不同,议会在国家政权组织体系中的地位和作用也有所不同.,(2)实行三权分立和权力制衡的原则.权力之间制约平衡,防止专制独裁和官僚腐败,提高了行政效率,保障了资产阶级民主制度. (3)实行资产阶级的政党政治,即必须由在议会选举或大选中获胜的政党领袖来出任总统或总理、首相,并以本党人员为主组成内阁.政党政治的主要内容是议会斗争,各党通过对议席的争夺,来实现本党代表的集团的政治和经济利益.,2.作用 (1)体现了资产阶级的意志,从法律上巩固了资产阶级革命和改革的成果.它是对封建君主专制政体的否定,表明国家权力由公民选举产生的议会掌握. (2)对于人类世界民主化进程具有重大的历史推动作用.,

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