八年级语文下册第五单元21与朱元思书课件新版新人教版20190108442.pptx

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1、第五单元,21 与朱元思书,一,二,三,四,五,湍,轩邈,lng,yun l,k,pio,一,二,三,四,五,都。,顺、随。,青白色。,急流的水。,拟声词,形容水声的清越。,互相和鸣。,平息。,树木的枝干。,一,二,三,四,五,形容词用作动词,消散尽净。,名词用作动词,向东向西流。,动词用作名词,飞奔的马。,名词用作动词,向上伸展。,形容词用作动词,往高处和远处伸展。,动词的使动用法,使平息。,一,二,三,四,五,至。,乖张、罪过。,筹划。,比喻规划、管理政治的才能。,看。,从小孔、缝隙或偏僻处悄悄察看。,一,二,三,四,五,一,二,三,四,五,四、背景回望 与朱元思书是吴均写给朋友的一封信,

2、但现在看到的已不是当时的完整信件。本文见于艺文类聚卷七。由于文中生动细腻地描绘了富春江的秀美风光,历来被人们当作独立成篇的山水佳作来阅读欣赏。,一,二,三,四,五,五、知识链接 骈文也称“骈体文”“骈俪文”或“骈偶文”;因其常用四字、六字句,故也称“四六文”或“骈四俪六”。全篇以双句(俪句、偶句)为主,讲究对仗的工整和声律的铿锵。,1.总领全文山水特征的两句是“ , ”,并且重点从 和 两方面进行了描绘。 2.作者笔下的水是怎样的情状呢?请根据文中的有关词语说说水的特点。3.作者眼中的山是怎样的?运用了什么手法描写山?,奇山异水,天下独绝,山,水,静态:清澈;动态:急猛。,“皆生寒树,负势竞上

3、,互相轩邈,争高直指,千百成峰。”以动写静,把静止的山写活了,显示出山的“奇”。,4.本文在写景顺序和详略上有何特点?5.谈谈你对“鸢飞戾天者,望峰息心;经纶世务者,窥谷忘反”的理解。6.关于本文最后一句,有人认为是精妙之语,请谈谈你的理解。,写景顺序,先写“水”后写“山”,由近及远;详写动态,略写静态。这样既突出景物的主要特征,又显得详略适宜,轻重有度。,虽流露出作者亟思奋发有为,终未显达,因而有些消极遁世的思想情绪,但所蕴含的审美情趣及教育意义是不容忽视的。那些汲汲追求名利的人,面对奇峰,聆听美声,不觉移情山水而淡泊名利。,仔细咀嚼,方觉其妙。一是起了反复渲染的作用。写树木遮空,昼夜不分,既照应了前面对“寒树”的描写,又给山水增添了奇色异彩。二是绾接文章开头四句,使结构更加严谨完美。,

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