1、 METRIC MIL-STD-2105D 19 April 2011 SUPERSEDING MIL-STD-2105C 14 July 2003 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TEST METHOD STANDARD HAZARD ASSESSMENT TESTS FOR NON-NUCLEAR MUNITIONS AMSC 9200 AREA SAFT DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleN
2、o reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D iiFOREWORD 1. This military standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 2. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to DEPARTMENT OF THE NA
3、VY, Indian Head Division, NSWC, Code E12AP, Document Control, 4123 Artisans Court, Suite 103, Indian Head, MD 20640-5115 OFFICIAL BUSINESS, or emailed to amanda.pennnavy.mil. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this information using the ASSIST Online databas
4、e at https:/assist.daps.dla.mil. 3. This document contains a description of tests or references to NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAGs) for the assessment of munition safety and Insensitive Munitions (IM) characteristics of non-nuclear munitions. Historically, this standard was used primarily f
5、or the assessment of weapon safety. The standard was later revised to add additional IM tests as called out by the Joint Service Requirement for Insensitive Munitions (JSRIM), and now by various NATO STANAGs. The previous revision made a distinction between weapon safety tests and the IM tests, even
6、 though these tests may often be contained in the same system hazard assessment test program. This revision updates the applicable documents in section 2, and provides updates to the IM tests (section 5.2) based on the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) recommendation of a standardized, sin
7、gle set of IM tests and passing criteria for use by all Components for assessing IM compliance, as directed by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics memorandum of February 1, 2010. 4. Three sets of tests are commonly used to assess munitions with respect to hazards
8、: IM tests as contained or contained in this standard; Hazard Classification (HC) tests used to classify munitions for transportation and storage purposes; and basic safety tests used to assess munition safety and suitability response or system vulnerability. In order to best utilize limited resourc
9、es and avoid test redundancy, tailor IM test plans to the maximum extent possible, so that all three sets of tests can be addressed in one coordinated test program with the minimum number of samples. It is recommended that test plans be coordinated with the appropriate service hazard classifier and
10、the Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB), 2461 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22331-0600, when a DOD hazard classification for an item is to be obtained in accordance with TB 700-21. 1TB 700-2, “Department of Defense Ammunition and Explosives Hazard Classification Procedures,“ is
11、 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D iii5. Additional or modified hazard testing may be required to fully assess the tactical and logistical vulnerability of the given weapon system against the probable threats to which the
12、system may be subjected. Accordingly, project managers and munition developers will conduct a threat hazard assessment to determine the adequacy of Safety or IM tests as referenced or specified in this standard. If the assessment indicates that different environmental hazards or threats to the weapo
13、n system pose additional vulnerability problems, tailor the tests to meet those requirements and provide rationale to support the assessment. 6. Program managers are responsible for planning and executing a hazard assessment test program. The hazard assessment test program includes a test plan based
14、 on a realistic life cycle environmental profile. Program managers should establish safety design goals for the test plan and have these goals approved by the service review organization within the applicable department. Program managers should generate a test report for submission to their service
15、review organization. 7. The service review organization should review the test plan and test report and examine the results of the hazard assessment test program to ensure that safety and IM requirements are met. The service review organization should produce a final recommendation for or against se
16、rvice use of the weapon system. For joint programs, all affected service review organizations should conduct this review and examination and develop a final recommendation. also known as NAVSEAINST 8020.8, TO 11A-1-47, and DLAR 8220.1. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permi
17、tted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D ivCONTENTS PARAGRAPH PAGE 1. SCOPE. 1 1.1 Scope. 1 1.2 Purpose. 1 1.3 Application. 1 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2 3. DEFINITIONS. 6 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9 4.1 General. 9 4.1.1 Test plan. 9 4.1.2 Environmental profile. 9 4.1.3 Threat hazard assessment (
18、THA) 9 4.2 Test parameters. 9 4.2.1 Test item temperature. 9 4.3 Passing criteria 10 4.4 Hazard assessment test report 10 4.5 Hardware. 10 4.6 Test facilities 11 4.6.1 Witness plates. 11 4.7 Configuration 11 4.8 Pre-test examination. 11 4.9 Post-test requirements. 12 4.10 Photographic requirements 1
19、2 5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS 13 5.1 Basic safety tests. 13 5.1.1 28-day temperature and humidity (T the perforation, fragmentation, and/or plastic deformation of a witness plate; and ground craters. c. Type III (Explosion reaction). The third most violent type of munition reaction with sub-sonic decom
20、position of energetic material and extensive fragmentation. Primary evidence of a Type III reaction is the rapid combustion of some or all of the energetic material once the munition reaction starts and the extensive fracture of metal casings with no evidence of high shear deformation resulting in l
21、arger and fewer fragments than observed from purposely detonated calibration tests. Secondary evidence may include significant long-distance scattering of burning or unburned energetic material; witness plate damage; the observation or measurement of overpressure throughout the test arena with a pea
22、k magnitude significantly less than and significantly longer duration than that of a purposely detonated calibration test; and ground craters. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D 7 d. Type IV (Deflagration reaction). The fou
23、rth most violent type of munition reaction with ignition and burning of confined energetic materials which leads to a less violent pressure release. Primary evidence of a Type IV reaction is the combustion of some or all of the energetic material and the rupture of casings resulting in a few large p
24、ieces that might include enclosures and attachments. At least one piece (e.g., casing, packaging, or energetic material) travels (or would have been capable of travelling) beyond 15m and with an energy level greater than 20J based on the distance versus mass relationships in figure 1. A reaction is
25、also classified as Type IV if there is no primary evidence of a more severe reaction and there is evidence of thrust capable of propelling the munition beyond 15m. Secondary evidence may include a longer reaction time than would be expected in a Type III reaction; significant scattered burning or un
26、burned energetic material, generally beyond 15m; and some evidence of pressure in the test arena which may vary in time or space. e. Type V (Burning reaction). The fifth most violent type of munition reaction where the energetic material ignites and burns nonpropulsively. Primary evidence of a Type
27、V reaction is the low pressure burn of some or all of the energetic material. The casing may rupture resulting in a few large pieces that might include enclosures and attachments. No piece (e.g., casing, packaging, or energetic material) travels (or would have been capable of travelling) beyond 15m
28、and with an energy level greater than 20J based on the distance versus mass relationships in figure 1. There is no evidence of thrust capable of propelling the munition beyond 15m. A small amount of burning or unburned energetic material relative to the total amount in the munition may be scattered,
29、 generally within 15m but no more than 30m. Secondary evidence may include some evidence of insignificant pressure in the test arena and for a rocket motor a significantly longer reaction time than if initiated in its design mode. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted
30、without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D 8 FIGURE 1. Relationship of projection kinetic energy and hazard division (20 J). f. Type VI (No reaction). The least violent type of munition response where any reaction is self-extinguished immediately upon removal of the external stimulus. Primary eviden
31、ce of a Type VI reaction is no reaction of the energetic material without a continued external stimulus; the recovery of all or most of the energetic material with no indication of sustained combustion; and no fragmentation of the casing or packaging greater than from a comparable inert test item. S
32、econdary evidence none. 3.12 Service review organization. The various organizations within the services which are responsible for the assessment of weapon safety or IM characteristics (see paragraph 6.6). Note: Referred in NATO STANAGs as National S3 Authority. 01020304050607080900 100 200 300 400 5
33、00 600Equation for 20 Joules:D = 4.212 * m (1.103 0.0788 * ln (m)Ref: TB 7002 2005 DraftType VRelationship of Projection Kinetic Energy and IM Response DescriptorType VType IIVMass (g)Distance(m)Note 1: This chart is intended to aid in the determination of the IM reaction for munitions that produce
34、projections. It is not intended for bare explosive charges (i.e. demolition charges) since they may detonate or explode without producing fragments with energy greater than 20J. The measurement of overpressure should always be taken into account along with other test instrumentation data to determin
35、e the proper reaction type.Mass (g)Projection distance (m)25 84.3150 56.5575 43.22100 35.16125 29.69150 25.71175 22.67200 20.27277 15300 14.18400 10.83500 8.71600 7.25Type V/VI at (0,0)Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D 9 3
36、.13 Sympathetic reaction. The reaction of a munition or an explosive charge induced by the detonation of another like munition or explosive charge. 3.14 Threat hazard assessment (THA). An evaluation of the munition life cycle environmental profile to determine the threats and hazards to which the mu
37、nition may be exposed. The assessment includes threats posed by friendly munitions, enemy munitions, accidents, handling, environmental lifecycle conditions, etc. Base the assessment on analytical or empirical data to the extent possible. The THA should also contain the potential reaction of the mun
38、ition to the threats identified as well as the likely resulting collateral damage. The THA should be updated as the exposure environment changes. A source of information to guide the development of the THA may be found in AOP-39. Paragraphs 5.2, 5.3, and table 1 of AOP-39 aid in identifying the thre
39、ats to a munition as well as the configurations seen throughout the munitions lifecycle. A THA should also be properly coordinated with the Operational User, Logistician, service review organization, Program Manager, Design Authority of each participating service. The THA should take into account th
40、e worst case scenarios that the item will see in each of its intended environments. 3.15 Weapon system. A munition and those components and equipment required for its operation and support. 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1 General. A hazard assessment test program includes a test plan generated in concer
41、t with an environmental profile and a THA. Provide rationale for not including or modifying any hazards or tests contained or referenced in this document to the service review organization for review and approval prior to executing the test program. 4.1.1 Test plan. Develop a test plan, and base it
42、on the life cycle environmental profile. Include in the test plan provisions for the conduct and sequence of tests, and any environmental conditioning as illustrated on figure 2. A review and concurrence is required by the appropriate service review organization(s) prior to conduct of the tests, and
43、 the review organization(s) may authorize variations to the tests and procedures in this document when justified. The test plan may Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D 10 include additional tests selected from other sources
44、or devised to investigate hazardous conditions and environments identified by hazard analyses performed as part of the system safety program described in MIL-STD-882. FIGURE 2. “Typical” item number and test sequence. 4.1.2 Test variation. Any variations to the Standardized IM tests must be first co
45、ordinated with the applicable Service/Agency IM/HC authorities who will then process the request as appropriate for Joint approval. Visual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual I
46、nspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic InspectionVisual InspectionRadiographic Inspection28-day Temperature and Humidity Test (see 5.1.1) Fast Cook-off Test(
47、see 5.2.1) Slow Cook-off Test(see 5.2.2) Bullet Impact Test(see 5.2.3) Fragment Impact Test(see 5.2.4) Sympathetic Reaction Test(see 5.2.5) Shaped Charge Jet Impact Test(see 5.2.6) Vibration Test (see 5.1.2) 4-day Temperature and Humidity Test(see 5.1.3) 12-meter Drop Test(see 5.1.4) Forward end dow
48、nHorizontalAft end downItem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-16 17 18TestSequenceIM TestsBasic SafetyTestsProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-2105D 11 4.1.3 Threat hazard assessment (THA). Develop a THA (see paragraph 6.2) and ensure it
49、 contains an analysis of the munition life cycle. In the THA, identify potential hazards both qualitatively and quantitatively and their causes and effects. Submit the THA to the appropriate service review organization(s) for approval. A review and concurrence of the THA is required by the appropriate service review organization(s) prior to conduct of t
