NFPA 261-2018 Standard Method of Test for Determining Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furniture Material Assemblies to Ignition by Smoldering Cigarettes (Effective Date 11 30 201.pdf

1、 NFPA 261 Standard Method of Test for Determining Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furniture Material Assemblies to Ignition by Smoldering Cigarettes 2018IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA STANDARDS NFPA codes, s

2、tandards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints

3、 and interests to achieve consensus on re and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments c

4、ontained in NFPA Standards. The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Standards. The NFPA also

5、 makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Standards available, the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertaking to perform

6、 any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no power, nor

7、does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of NFPA Standards. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certication or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this document sha

8、ll not be attributable to the NFPA and is solely the responsibility of the certier or maker of the statement. REVISION SYMBOLS IDENTIFYING CHANGES FROM THE PREVIOUS EDITION Text revisions are shaded. A before a section number indicates that words within that section were deleted and a to the left of

9、 a table or gure number indicates a revision to an existing table or gure. When a chapter was heavily revised, the entire chapter is marked throughout with the symbol. Where one or more sections were deleted, a is placed between the remaining sections. Chapters, annexes, sections, gures, and tables

10、that are new are indicated with an N. Note that these indicators are a guide. Rearrangement of sections may not be captured in the markup, but users can view complete revision details in the First and Second Draft Reports located in the archived revision information section of each code at www.nfpa.

11、org/docinfo. Any subsequent changes from the NFPA Technical Meeting, Tentative Interim Amendments, and Errata are also located there. REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA STANDARDS Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that NFPA Standards may be a

12、mended from time to time through the issuance of a Tentative Interim Amendment (TIA) or corrected by Errata. An ofcial NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any TIAs and Errata then in effect. To determine whether an NFPA Standard has been a

13、mended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, go to www.nfpa.org/docinfo to choose from the list of NFPA Standards or use the search feature to select the NFPA Standard number (e.g., NFPA 13). The document information page provides up-to-date document-specic inf

14、ormation as well as postings of all existing TIAs and Errata. It also includes the option to register for an “Alert” feature to receive an automatic email notication when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document. ISBN: 978-145591910-9 (Print) ISBN: 978-145591911-6 (PDF) IS

15、BN: 978-145591912-3 (eBook)IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS ADDITIONAL NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS Updating of NFPA Standards Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time

16、 by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An ofcial NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata

17、 then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected through the issuance of Errata, consult appropriate NFPA publications such as the National Fire Codes Subscription

18、Service, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org, or contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Interpretations of NFPA Standards A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with Section 6 of the Regulations Governing the Development of NFPA Standards shall not be considered

19、the ofcial position of NFPA or any of its Committees and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Patents The NFPA does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights referenced in, related to, or asserted in connection with an NFPA Stan

20、dard. The users of NFPA Standards bear the sole responsibility for determining the validity of any such patent rights, as well as the risk of infringement of such rights, and the NFPA disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use of or reliance on NFPA Standards. NFPA

21、 adheres to the policy of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regarding the inclusion of patents in American National Standards (“the ANSI Patent Policy”), and hereby gives the following notice pursuant to that policy: NOTICE: The users attention is called to the possibility that compli

22、ance with an NFPA Standard may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. NFPA takes no position as to the validity of any such patent rights or as to whether such patent rights constitute or include essential patent claims under the ANSI Patent Policy. If, in connection with the ANSI Pat

23、ent Policy, a patent holder has led a statement of willingness to grant licenses under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, copies of such led statements can be obtained, on request, from NFPA. For further information,

24、 contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Law and Regulations Users of NFPA Standards should consult applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. NFPA does not, by the publication of its codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides, intend to urge action that is not in comp

25、liance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights NFPA Standards are copyrighted. They are made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation,

26、 standardization, and the promotion of safe practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the NFPA does not waive any rights in copyright to these documents. Use of NFPA Standards for regulatory purposes should be accomplishe

27、d through adoption by reference. The term “adoption by reference” means the citing of title, edition, and publishing information only. Any deletions, additions, and changes desired by the adopting authority should be noted separately in the adopting instrument. In order to assist NFPA in following t

28、he uses made of its documents, adopting authorities are requested to notify the NFPA (Attention: Secretary, Standards Council) in writing of such use. For technical assistance and questions concerning adoption of NFPA Standards, contact NFPA at the address below. For Further Information All question

29、s or other communications relating to NFPA Standards and all requests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standards development process, including information on the procedures for requesting Formal Interpretations, for proposing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing

30、 revisions to NFPA standards during regular revision cycles, should be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Secretary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101; email: stds_adminnfpa.org. For more information about NFPA, visit the NFP

31、A website at www.nfpa.org. All NFPA codes and standards can be viewed at no cost at www.nfpa.org/docinfo.261-1 NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2017, National Fire Protection As

32、sociation . All Rights Reserved. NFPA 261 Standard Method of Test for Determining Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furniture Material Assemblies to Ignition by Smoldering Cigarettes 2018 Edition This edition of NFPA 261, Standard Method of Test for Determining Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furn

33、iture Material Assemblies to Ignition by Smoldering Cigarettes, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Fire Tests. It was issued by the Standards Council on November 10, 2017, with an effective date of November 30, 2017, and supersedes all previous editions. This edition of NFPA 261 was approved

34、 as an American National Standard on November 30, 2017. Origin and Development of NFPA 261 Regulation of the manufacture of furniture has been a subject of research and debate since 1967, when the Flammable Fabrics Act was amended by Congress to include products in addition to wearing apparel and ho

35、me textiles that might constitute an unreasonable ammability risk. The National Bureau of Standards (NBS) began funding laboratory research on the subject in 1968. With its formation in 1973, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) became the government agency responsible for administrati

36、on of the Flammable Fabrics Act, including the adoption of any program or standard regulating upholstered furniture. The NBS retained responsibility for designing test methods related to ammable fabrics. In 1976, the NBS submitted a draft to the CPSC for a proposed cigarette-ignition resistance stan

37、dard for upholstered furniture. Shortly thereafter, however, a reorganization of the CPSC into separate program areas took place. That reorganization was followed by nearly a years worth of work on the commissions childrens sleepwear standards, due to ndings that a chemical added to sleepwear to mak

38、e it ame retardant might be carcinogenic. In November 1978, the CPSC staff, after modifying the original standard on upholstered furniture proposed by the NBS, recommended to the CPSC commissioners that they publish the standard. This standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Fire Tests s

39、ubsequent to the CPSC actions of 19781979 and drew heavily on the NBS research and proposed test methodology. The rst edition, published in 1983, was identied as NFPA 260B. The 1989 edition was a reconrmation of the rst edition and was renumbered as NFPA 261. The 1994 and 1998 editions represented r

40、econrmation of the standard with minor editorial clarications and stylistic revisions. For the 2003 edition, the chapter layout of NFPA 261 was reorganized to conform to the Manual of Style for NFPA Technical Committee Documents. The 2009 edition contained mainly editorial revisions. The 2013 editio

41、n has been revised to reference the SRM 1196 cigarettes, and annex material added to explain the revision. The 2018 edition includes a new section and annex material on repeatability and precision.RESISTANCE OF MOCK-UP UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE MATERIAL ASSEMBLIES TO IGNITION 261-2 2018 Edition Technica

42、l Committee on Fire Tests Barry L. Badders, Jr., Chair Intertek Testing Services, TX RT Farid Alfawakhiri, American Iron and Steel Institute, IL M James A. Burns, New York State Department, NY E Rep. Firemens Association of the State of New York Karen C Carpenter, Southwest Research Institute, TX RT

43、 Gordon H. Damant, Inter-City Testing & Consulting Corp. of California, CA SE Rick D. Davis, National Institute of Standards & Technology, MD RT Scott E. Dillon, Crane Engineering, MN SE William E. Fitch, P, FL SE Richard G. Gann, Gaithersburg, MD SE Marcelo M. Hirschler, GBH International, CA SE Pa

44、ul A. Hough, Armstrong World Industries, Inc., PA M William E. Koffel, Koffel Associates, Inc., MD SE Sergei V. Levchik, Israel Chemicals Ltd. (ICL-IP), NY M Rep. ACC-North American Flame Retardant Alliance James Andrew Lynch, The Fire Solutions Group, PA SE John Martell, Professional Fire Fighters

45、of Maine/IAFF, ME L Rep. International Association of Fire Fighters Rodney A. McPhee, Canadian Wood Council, Canada M Kathleen A. Newman, Firetect, CA M Arthur J. Parker, JENSEN HUGHES, MD SE Michael L. Savage, Sr., City of Rio Rancho, NM E Michael Schmeida, Gypsum Association, OH M David T. Sheppar

46、d, U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives, MD RT Dwayne E. Sloan, UL LLC, NC RT Stanislav I. Stoliarov, University of Maryland, MD SE Kuma Sumathipala, American Wood Council, VA M Dong Zeng, FM Global, MA I Rep. FM Global Alternates Erik H. Anderson, Koffel Associates, Inc., MD SE (A

47、lt. to William E. Koffel) Jesse J. Beitel, JENSEN HUGHES, MD SE (Alt. to Arthur J. Parker) Richard J. Davis, FM Global, MA I (Alt. to Dong Zeng) Timothy Earl, GBH International, MI SE (Alt. to Marcelo M. Hirschler) Sam W. Francis, American Wood Council, PA M (Alt. to Kuma Sumathipala) Stephen Paul F

48、uss, U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives, MD RT (Alt. to David T. Sheppard) Justin A. Geiman, Fire and Risk Alliance LLC, MD SE (Alt. to James Andrew Lynch) Karl Dana Houser, Intertek, PA RT (Alt. to Barry L. Badders, Jr.) Marc L. Janssens, Southwest Research Institute, TX RT (Alt

49、. to Karen C Carpenter) Ineke Van Zeeland, Canadian Wood Council, Canada M (Alt. to Rodney A. McPhee) Matthew T. Vinci, International Association of Fire Fighters, DC L (Alt. to John Martell) Robert J. Wills, American Iron and Steel Institute, AL M (Alt. to Farid Alfawakhiri) Luke C. Woods, UL LLC, MA RT (Alt. to Dwayne E. Sloan) Joe Ziolkowski, American Furniture Manufacturers Association, NC M (Voting Alternate) Nonvoting Robert H. Barker, American Fiber Ma