NFPA 350-2016 Guide for Safe Confined Space Entry and Work (Effective Date 12 04 2015).pdf

1、350 NFPA Guide for Safe Confined Space Entry and Work 2016 ORDER T o order or for more details on other NFPA products or seminars, call 1-800-344-3555. For orders outside the U.S., call 617-770-3000. VISIT our online catalog at catalog.nfpa.org.ISBN: 978-145591288-9 (Print) ISBN: 978-145591289-6 (PD

2、F) IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA STANDARDS NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standar

3、ds development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on fire and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in

4、 the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in NFPA Standards. The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special,

5、 indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Standards. The NFPA also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Standards available,

6、the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriat

7、e, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of NFPA Standards. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect products, des

8、igns, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to the NFPA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. Important Notices and Disclaimers con

9、tinued on inside back cover. REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA STANDARDS Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that NFPA Standards may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An

10、official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendment and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Standard has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected b

11、y Errata, visit the Document Information Pages on NFPAs website. The Document Information Pages provide up-to-date, document specific information including any issued Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata. To access the Document Information Page for a specific NFPA Standard, go to http:/www.nfpa.o

12、rg/docinfo to choose from the list of NFPA Standards or use the search feature on the right to select the NFPA Standard number (e.g., NFPA 101). The Document Information page includes postings of all existing Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata. It also includes the option to register for an “Al

13、ert” feature to receive an automatic email notification when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document.IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS ADDITIONAL NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS Updating of NFPA Standards Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended pract

14、ices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An ofcial NFPA Standard at any point in time consist

15、s of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected through the i

16、ssuance of Errata, consult appropriate NFPA publications such as the National Fire Codes Subscription Service, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org, or contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Interpretations of NFPA Standards A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance

17、with Section 6 of the Regulations Governing the Development of NFPA Standards shall not be considered the ofcial position of NFPA or any of its Committees and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Patents The NFPA does not take any position with respect to th

18、e validity of any patent rights referenced in, related to, or asserted in connection with an NFPA Standard. The users of NFPA Standards bear the sole responsibility for determining the validity of any such patent rights, as well as the risk of infringement of such rights, and the NFPA disclaims liab

19、ility for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use of or reliance on NFPA Standards. NFPA adheres to the policy of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regarding the inclusion of patents in American National Standards (“the ANSI Patent Policy”), and hereby gives the followin

20、g notice pursuant to that policy: NOTICE: The users attention is called to the possibility that compliance with an NFPA Standard may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. NFPA takes no position as to the validity of any such patent rights or as to whether such patent rights constitut

21、e or include essential patent claims under the ANSI Patent Policy. If, in connection with the ANSI Patent Policy, a patent holder has led a statement of willingness to grant licenses under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a l

22、icense, copies of such led statements can be obtained, on request, from NFPA. For further information, contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Law and Regulations Users of NFPA Standards should consult applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. NFPA does not, by the publication

23、 of its codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights NFPA Standards are copyrighted. They are made available for a wide variety of both public and private us

24、es. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of safe practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the NFPA does not waive any right

25、s in copyright to these documents. Use of NFPA Standards for regulatory purposes should be accomplished through adoption by reference. The term “adoption by reference” means the citing of title, edition, and publishing information only. Any deletions, additions, and changes desired by the adopting a

26、uthority should be noted separately in the adopting instrument. In order to assist NFPA in following the uses made of its documents, adopting authorities are requested to notify the NFPA (Attention: Secretary, Standards Council) in writing of such use. For technical assistance and questions concerni

27、ng adoption of NFPA Standards, contact NFPA at the address below. For Further Information All questions or other communications relating to NFPA Standards and all requests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standards development process, including information on the procedure

28、s for requesting Formal Interpretations, for proposing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing revisions to NFPA standards during regular revision cycles, should be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Secretary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box

29、9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101; email: stds_adminnfpa.org For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. All NFPA codes and standards can be viewed at no cost at www.nfpa.org/freeaccess.350-1 NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the Nation

30、al Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2015 National Fire Protection Association . All Rights Reserved. NFPA 350 Guide for Safe Conned Space Entry and Work 2016 Edition This edition of NFPA 350, Guide for Safe Conned Space Entry and Work, was prepared by the Committee

31、 on Conned Space Safe Work Practices. It was issued by the Standards Council on November 14, 2015, with an effective date of December 4, 2015, and supersedes all previous editions. This edition of NFPA 350 was approved as an American National Standard on December 4, 2015. Origin and Development of N

32、FPA 350 This rst edition of NFPA 350, Guide for Safe Conned Space Entry and Work, establishes best practices and “how to” for conned space entry and work, translating what is required in regulations into practical approaches to implement those requirements. Whereas existing regulatory standards prov

33、ide minimum requirements, NFPA 350 strives to establish work practices that achieve a higher level of safety. NFPA maintains a long history governing the safe entry and work practices for the maritime sector through NFPA 306, Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels. The success of the mar

34、itime conned space entry program, in particular the competencies and qualications of marine chemists whose certication NFPA manages, led to the incorporation of those practices and procedures into both OSHA shipyard regulations and the regulations of the U.S. Coast Guard. Similarities in constructio

35、n and usage prompted the development of NFPA 326, Standard for the Safeguarding of Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning, or Repair, a standard for entry and work in aboveground and underground tanks and containers. NFPAs protection for emergency responders extends to conned spaces as well, with

36、NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents, and NFPA 1006, Standard for Technical Rescuer Professional Qualications . With that long history of established standards of practice for conned space entry and work, NFPA proposed a new project related to conn

37、ed spaces. The Technical Committee on Conned Space Safe Work Practices began its work on a preliminary draft in September 2012 and worked in earnest to provide a preliminary draft to the NFPA Standards Council for the August 2013 meeting, at which it was approved and placed in the Fall 2015 revision

38、 cycle. Background documents considered by the Standards Council as part of the new project request highlighted a number of gaps within the existing regulations and standards applicable to general industry conned space entry and work. OSHAs permit-required conned space standard had been in place for

39、 20 years when the work of the Committee began. As part of its initial actions, the Committee spent time identifying gaps and discussing how to simplify some of the confusion associated with the terminology used in conned space documents. Among the gaps identied by the Committee during initial discu

40、ssions were issues related to basic conned space hazard identication, evaluation, and control. Of particular concern was the absence of informative guidance on how to perform some of the key requirements in the OSHA standard, such as air monitoring and ventilation. In further support of the initial

41、ndings of the Committee, the Chemical Safety Board (CSB) addressed the Committee at its rst meeting and noted additional gaps in conned space safe practices related to the hazards of adjacent spaces and hot work. The Committee, with its wide range of experts, targeted those gaps and missing informat

42、ion as potential areas that could be incorporated into NFPA 350. Perhaps the most signicant discussion topic within the Committee centered on terminology used to describe conned spaces, such as permit-required conned spaces and non-permit spaces. While the Committee did not want to conict with exist

43、ing standards, in particular the OSHA standards, the Committee recognized that the differences in terminology continued to create confusion. TheSAFE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY AND WORK 350-2 2016 Edition Committee ultimately decided to simply use the term “conned space“ to describe any space that meets th

44、e OSHA 1910.146 denition. Another simplication provided by NFPA 350 is the default recommendation to perform air monitoring of all conned spaces prior to entry. Such monitoring eliminates the possibility of misjudging a space that is not expected to have an atmospheric hazard. The Committee believes

45、 that the few minutes it takes to perform air monitoring of a space conrming the presence or absence of specic atmospheric hazards will be time well spent. NFPA 350 identies three types of hazards that should be recognized, evaluated, and controlled: inherent hazards, introduced hazards, and adjacen

46、t hazards. Identifying those three distinct sources of potential hazards helps Entry Supervisors and workers to think broadly about the myriad of hazards that could occur in and around conned spaces so they can evaluate and control the hazards. While other standards indicate what needs to be done, N

47、FPA 350 describes how to perform those tasks. For example, NFPA 350 provides information on the selection, calibration, and use of gas monitors as well as information about the types and installation of ventilation devices for different types of conned space congurations and hazards. The Committee n

48、oted that there was a lack of qualications and competencies for those involved in conned space entries beyond the Attendant, the Entrant, and the Entry Supervisor. To complement those individuals and their dened roles and competencies, NFPA 350 identies other roles that also are important in conned

49、space entries, such as a Gas Tester, Ventilation Specialist, and Standby Worker. For conned space rescue, NFPA 350 provides a tiered approach to response and includes the organizational elements of emergency preparedness that normally are in place in a re department but not necessarily in a facility rescue program. The document aligns with NFPA 1670 and NFPA 1006 in providing the technical aspects of rescue and qualications for Rescuers. It is well recognized that changes that occur during conned space safety can negativel