1、 IEC 60627 Edition 3.0 2013-07 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Diagnostic X-ray imaging equipment Characteristics of general purpose and mammographic anti-scatter grids quipements de diagnostic par imagerie rayonnement X Caractristiques des grilles antidiffusantes dusage gnral et de mamm
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16、 2013-07 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Diagnostic X-ray imaging equipment Characteristics of general purpose and mammographic anti-scatter grids quipements de diagnostic par imagerie rayonnement X Caractristiques des grilles antidiffusantes dusage gnral et de mammographie INTERNATIONAL
17、 ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE V ICS 11.040.50 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-0917-2 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained
18、 this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. colourinside 2 60627 IEC:2013 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 3.1 Grid definiti
19、ons 9 3.2 Geometric characteristics 10 3.3 Physical characteristics . 10 3.4 Other terms . 11 4 Structure of ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS . 12 5 Measurement and determination of physical characteristics 12 5.1 Method and arrangement for measurement . 12 5.1.1 Determination of physical characteristics . 12 5.1
20、2 Instrumentation 13 5.1.3 Phantoms 14 5.1.4 Arrangements 14 5.1.5 Radiation conditions 16 5.1.6 Constancy of source 16 5.2 Physical characteristics . 16 5.2.1 Measurements for the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION (Tp). 16 5.2.2 Measurements for the TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION (Ts) 16 5.2.
21、3 Measurements for the TRANSMISSION OF TOTAL RADIATION (Tt) . 17 5.2.4 Calculation of the GRID SELECTIVITY () 17 5.2.5 Calculation of the CONTRAST IMPROVEMENT RATIO (K) 17 5.2.6 Calculation of the GRID EXPOSURE FACTOR (B) . 17 5.2.7 Calculation of the IMAGE IMPROVEMENT FACTOR (Q) . 17 5.2.8 Accuracy
22、 of measurements 17 6 Requirements for ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS . 18 6.1 Manufacturing tolerances 18 6.2 Determination of the APPLICATION LIMITS . 18 6.3 Accuracy of characteristics 18 6.3.1 GRID SELECTIVITY . 18 6.3.2 CONTRAST IMPROVEMENT RATIO . 18 6.3.3 GRID EXPOSURE FACTOR 18 6.3.4 IMAGE IMPROVEMENT F
23、ACTOR . 19 6.4 Markings and ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS 19 6.4.1 Data in ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS 19 6.4.2 Mandatory markings and indications for LINEAR GRIDS 19 6.4.3 Mandatory markings and indications for FOCUSED GRIDS . 19 6.4.4 Additional mandatory markings and indications . 19 6.4.5 Further requiremen
24、ts . 20 Annex A (normative) Calculation of the APPLICATION LIMITS . 27 Annex B (informative) Influence of scatter fraction on the physical characteristics . 30 Bibliography 32 Index of defined terms used in this standard . 33 60627 IEC:2013 3 Figure 1 Structure of ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS . 21 Figure 2 RA
25、DIATION DETECTOR . 22 Figure 3 Measurement arrangement for general purpose ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS with NARROW-BEAM CONDITION (determination of the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION) . 23 Figure 4 Measurement arrangement for general-purpose ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS with BROAD BEAM CONDITION (determination of t
26、he TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION) 24 Figure 5 Measurement arrangement for MAMMOGRAPHIC ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS with NARROW-BEAM CONDITION (determination of the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION) . 25 Figure 6 Measurement arrangement for MAMMOGRAPHIC ANTI-SCATTER GRIDS with BROAD BEAM CONDITION (det
27、ermination of the TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION) 26 Figure B.1 Physical characteristics as function of scatter fraction: SELECTIVITY (dash-dotted line), CONTRAST IMPROVEMENT RATIO K (dotted line), GRID EXPOSURE FACTOR B (dashed line), and IMAGE IMPROVEMENT FACTOR Q (solid line) . 31 4 60627 IE
28、C:2013 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY IMAGING EQUIPMENT Characteristics of general purpose and mammographic anti-scatter grids FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electro
29、technical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specificat
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37、perty damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in
38、 this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying an
39、y or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60627 has been prepared by subcommittee 62B: Diagnostic imaging equipment, of IEC technical committee 62: Electrical equipment in medical practice. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2001, and constitutes a
40、technical revision. In this revision calcium tungstate phosphor FLUORESCENT SCREENS, which are no longer available, have been replaced by gadolinium oxysulphide (GOS) FLUORESCENT SCREENS. Further, a new quality parameter is introduced: the IMAGE IMPROVEMENT FACTOR or Q-factor, which better describes
41、 the properties of the ANTI-SCATTER GRID, especially for digital detector applications. Further differences between this third edition and the previous second edition are: some definitions have been modified and others added to improve clarity, harmonization or generality; 60627 IEC:2013 5 new instr
42、umentation is prescribed for measurements of the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION, the TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION and the TRANSMISSION OF TOTAL RADIATION, because FLUORESCENT SCREENS made of calcium tungstate phosphors are outdated and are no longer available; the definition of the PHANTOM
43、 used for measurements of the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION, the TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION and the TRANSMISSION OF TOTAL RADIATION is modified and references to IEC 61267 are omitted; the RADIATION CONDITIONS used for the measurements have been adapted and are now the RQR and RQR-M con
44、ditions specified in IEC 61267:2005; tolerances are specified for the dimensions in the arrangements for the measurements of the TRANSMISSION OF PRIMARY RADIATION, the TRANSMISSION OF SCATTERED RADIATION and the TRANSMISSION OF TOTAL RADIATION. The text of this standard is based on the following doc
45、uments: FDIS Report on voting 62B/914/FDIS 62B/922/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. In this standard, the follow
46、ing print types are used: Requirements and definitions: roman type. Test specifications: italic type. Informative material appearing outside of tables, such as notes, examples and references: smaller type. Normative text of tables is also in a smaller type. TERMS DEFINED IN CLAUSE 3 OF THIS STANDARD
47、 OR IN OTHER IEC PUBLICATIONS REFERENCED IN THIS STANDARD: SMALL CAPITALS. In referring to the structure of this standard, the term “clause” means one of the numbered divisions within the table of contents, inclusive of all subdivisions (e.g., Clause 5 includes subclauses 5.1, 5.2, etc.); “subclause
48、 means a numbered subdivision of a clause (e.g., 5.1, 5.2 and 5.2.1 are all subclauses of Clause 5). References to clauses within this standard are preceded by the term “Clause” followed by the clause number. References to subclauses within this particular standard are by number only. In this stand
49、ard, the conjunctive “or” is used as an “inclusive or”, so a statement is true if any combination of the conditions is true. The verbal forms used in this standard conform to usage described in Annex H of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. For the purposes of this standard, the auxiliary verb: “shall” means that compliance with a requirement or a test is mandatory for compliance with this standard; “should” means that compl
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