IEC TR 62630-2010 Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic sources《暴露于多个电磁源的评估指南》.pdf

1、 IEC/TR 62630 Edition 1.0 2010-03 TECHNICAL REPORT Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic sources IEC/TR 62630:2010(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of thi

2、s publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright or h

3、ave an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. Droits de reproduction rservs. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise s

4、ous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de la CEI ou du Comit national de la CEI du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous dsirez obtenir des droits supplmenta

5、ires sur cette publication, utilisez les coordonnes ci-aprs ou contactez le Comit national de la CEI de votre pays de rsidence. IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varemb CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Email: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is ke

6、pt under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, techni

7、cal committee,). It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications. IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available on-line and also by email. Electr

8、opedia: www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary online. Customer Se

9、rvice Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contact us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC/TR 62630 Edition 1.0 2010-03 TECHNICAL REPORT

10、Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic sources INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION X ICS 17.220.20; 33.050.10 PRICE CODE ISBN 2-8318-1083-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission colour inside 2 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INT

11、RODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 8 3.1 Terms and definitions 8 3.2 Physical quantities 16 3.3 Constants16 3.4 Abbreviations 16 3.5 Vector notations 17 4 Overview 17 5 Classification of devices and EM sources .20 5.1 General aspects 20 5.2 Device

12、classification based on the intended use: user-centric versus node- centric .20 5.3 EM source classification: single-channel versus band-wide transmitters21 6 Combined exposure from multiple narrowband EM sources 23 6.1 Guidance on the selection of the exposure summation approach.23 6.2 Correlation

13、between signals emitted by different EM sources 24 6.3 Relevant exposure metrics 24 6.4 Combined exposure from uncorrelated EM sources.25 6.5 Combined exposure evaluation of correlated EM sources25 6.5.1 Accurate estimate of the true field vector sum .25 6.5.2 Conservative combined exposure evaluati

14、on using scalar sensors 26 Annex A (informative) Frequency allocations for some common wireless services .29 Annex B (informative) Supporting analytical details32 Annex C (informative) Examples of combined exposure evaluations 39 Bibliography46 Figure 1 Electrical paths from the radiating elements o

15、f each panel in a dual-panel antenna system to a field-point P on the -z symmetry plane 18 Figure 2 True vector sum of the complex field envelopes produced at the field-point P by the individual antenna panels in Figure 1 at two different measurement times.19 Figure 3 Simultaneous exposure at the lo

16、cation X by multiple sector-antennas belonging to adjacent tri-sector cellular masts (labelled #1 and #2).21 Figure 4 Different approaches yielding distinct upper-bounds of the field vector-sum.28 Figure B.1 Vectorial interpretation of inequality (B25), yielding an upper-bound of the true field vect

17、or-sum (red arrow).37 Figure C.1 CAD model of the antenna system for a mobile phone, including a GSM/UMTS antenna and a Bluetooth antenna 39 Figure C.2 Qualitative description of the individual and combined SAR distributions for a mobile phone transmitting simultaneously GSM and Wi-Fi signals 40 Fig

18、ure C.3 Communications tower shared by different network operators.41 Figure C.4 Smart antenna formed by 8 vertical 5-element ground-backed dipole arrays. 42 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 3 Figure C.5 Power density distributions on the surface ( = 1 m) derived via Equations (6), (10), and (12) for the 3,5 GH

19、z smart antenna shown in Figure C.4.44 Figure C.6 Overestimations produced by Equations (10) and (12) over the exposure evaluation area ( = 1 m) for the 3,5 GHz smart antenna shown in Figure C.445 Table 1 Source classes: characteristics and examples of source classification 22 Table 2 Guidance on th

20、e selection of suitable evaluation techniques .23 Table A.1 Frequency allocations and bandwidths for common wireless technologies .29 4 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING EXPOSURE FROM MULTIPLE ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES FOREWORD 1) The Internationa

21、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic f

22、ields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any

23、IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardi

24、zation (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has repres

25、entation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC

26、cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publica

27、tions. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas,

28、 access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including

29、 individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance

30、upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elemen

31、ts of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical

32、report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC/TR 62630, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 106: Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and

33、electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 106/173/DTR 106/196/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated

34、 in the above table. TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 5 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“

35、in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indi

36、cates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) INTRODUCTION This Technical Report provides guidance to IEC TC 106 project teams on how to evaluat

37、e the combined exposures from multiple electromagnetic (EM) sources in the frequency range 100 kHz to 300 GHz when specific absorption rate (SAR) and equivalent power density ( S) are the relevant exposure metrics, as defined by the main international guidelines recommending limits on human exposure

38、 to EM fields. SAR and power density are energy-intensive exposure metrics related to tissue heating. Other metrics have been defined in some exposure guidelines to regulate different effects, e.g., electro-stimulation. Guidance on evaluating exposure from multiple EM sources based on these other ex

39、posure metrics requires separate further study This Technical Report considers the combination of exposures from multiple EM sources a) which reside on the same electronic device (e.g. multi-band mobile phone); b) arising from multiple devices (e.g. multiple base station antennas); c) arising from t

40、emporally uncorrelated fields (e.g., transmitters operating in different bands); d) arising from temporally correlated fields (e.g., adaptive (beam-steering) antenna arrays). Only intentional EM-energy transmitters are considered. NOTE Evaluation of spurious radiation from non-intentional emitters i

41、s addressed in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards dealing with unwanted EM emissions from electronic devices. The guidance in this Technical Report is not specifically intended for combining exposures from non-intentional radiating sources, such as EM leakages from electronic devices that

42、 are not designed for purpose of radiated RF emission. However, it may be possible to use some of the methods in this Technical Report to evaluate multiple exposures when some of the sources are not designed to radiate EM energy, e.g. microwave ovens or RF welders and dryers. This Technical Report e

43、stablishes basic, rigorous techniques to estimate accurately and conservatively the combined exposure from multiple EM sources. In developing International Standards, it is anticipated that IEC Project Teams may deviate from or further evolve these techniques as required to better address specific d

44、evice or evaluation requirements. The techniques established in this Technical Report allow summing internal fields for the purpose of determining SAR and external fields for determining the power density. They do not describe how to perform the volume or surface averaging procedures that would be r

45、equired to derive the compliance metrics (e.g., 10-g SAR or spatially-averaged power density) most commonly employed in national or international exposure guidelines. This Technical Report does not define any test method or algorithm to determine product compliance with exposure limits, leaving that

46、 task to product compliance standards. Even though an effort is made to provide guidance consistent with the most referenced international exposure guidelines, the Technical Report does not establish or imply any requirement to follow any specific national or international exposure guideline since t

47、hat is a regulatory matter. Rather, imposition of requirements depends on the policy of national regulators. TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 7 GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING EXPOSURE FROM MULTIPLE ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES 1 Scope This Technical Report describes exposure evaluation concepts and techniques for the overa

48、ll exposure level in spatial regions and occupants caused by the simultaneous exposure to multiple narrowband electromagnetic (EM) sources. Throughout this Technical Report, it is assumed that the exposure evaluation occurs under static conditions, i.e., the source position and transmit-mode charact

49、eristics (e.g. emitted power, modulation scheme, etc.) of the device(s) under test do not vary significantly over the time required to carry out the evaluation using the chosen evaluation technique (e.g., field measurements). The vast majority of wireless communication systems worldwide employ signalling schemes featuring narrowband waveforms, hereinafter defined as signal waveforms occupying a frequency band not broader than 10 % of its central frequency