1、 IEC/TR 62630 Edition 1.0 2010-03 TECHNICAL REPORT Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic sources IEC/TR 62630:2010(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of thi
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10、Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic sources INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION X ICS 17.220.20; 33.050.10 PRICE CODE ISBN 2-8318-1083-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission colour inside 2 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INT
11、RODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 8 3.1 Terms and definitions 8 3.2 Physical quantities 16 3.3 Constants16 3.4 Abbreviations 16 3.5 Vector notations 17 4 Overview 17 5 Classification of devices and EM sources .20 5.1 General aspects 20 5.2 Device
12、classification based on the intended use: user-centric versus node- centric .20 5.3 EM source classification: single-channel versus band-wide transmitters21 6 Combined exposure from multiple narrowband EM sources 23 6.1 Guidance on the selection of the exposure summation approach.23 6.2 Correlation
13、between signals emitted by different EM sources 24 6.3 Relevant exposure metrics 24 6.4 Combined exposure from uncorrelated EM sources.25 6.5 Combined exposure evaluation of correlated EM sources25 6.5.1 Accurate estimate of the true field vector sum .25 6.5.2 Conservative combined exposure evaluati
14、on using scalar sensors 26 Annex A (informative) Frequency allocations for some common wireless services .29 Annex B (informative) Supporting analytical details32 Annex C (informative) Examples of combined exposure evaluations 39 Bibliography46 Figure 1 Electrical paths from the radiating elements o
15、f each panel in a dual-panel antenna system to a field-point P on the -z symmetry plane 18 Figure 2 True vector sum of the complex field envelopes produced at the field-point P by the individual antenna panels in Figure 1 at two different measurement times.19 Figure 3 Simultaneous exposure at the lo
16、cation X by multiple sector-antennas belonging to adjacent tri-sector cellular masts (labelled #1 and #2).21 Figure 4 Different approaches yielding distinct upper-bounds of the field vector-sum.28 Figure B.1 Vectorial interpretation of inequality (B25), yielding an upper-bound of the true field vect
17、or-sum (red arrow).37 Figure C.1 CAD model of the antenna system for a mobile phone, including a GSM/UMTS antenna and a Bluetooth antenna 39 Figure C.2 Qualitative description of the individual and combined SAR distributions for a mobile phone transmitting simultaneously GSM and Wi-Fi signals 40 Fig
18、ure C.3 Communications tower shared by different network operators.41 Figure C.4 Smart antenna formed by 8 vertical 5-element ground-backed dipole arrays. 42 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 3 Figure C.5 Power density distributions on the surface ( = 1 m) derived via Equations (6), (10), and (12) for the 3,5 GH
19、z smart antenna shown in Figure C.4.44 Figure C.6 Overestimations produced by Equations (10) and (12) over the exposure evaluation area ( = 1 m) for the 3,5 GHz smart antenna shown in Figure C.445 Table 1 Source classes: characteristics and examples of source classification 22 Table 2 Guidance on th
20、e selection of suitable evaluation techniques .23 Table A.1 Frequency allocations and bandwidths for common wireless technologies .29 4 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING EXPOSURE FROM MULTIPLE ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES FOREWORD 1) The Internationa
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32、report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC/TR 62630, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 106: Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and
33、electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 106/173/DTR 106/196/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated
34、 in the above table. TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 5 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“
35、in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indi
36、cates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) INTRODUCTION This Technical Report provides guidance to IEC TC 106 project teams on how to evaluat
37、e the combined exposures from multiple electromagnetic (EM) sources in the frequency range 100 kHz to 300 GHz when specific absorption rate (SAR) and equivalent power density ( S) are the relevant exposure metrics, as defined by the main international guidelines recommending limits on human exposure
38、 to EM fields. SAR and power density are energy-intensive exposure metrics related to tissue heating. Other metrics have been defined in some exposure guidelines to regulate different effects, e.g., electro-stimulation. Guidance on evaluating exposure from multiple EM sources based on these other ex
39、posure metrics requires separate further study This Technical Report considers the combination of exposures from multiple EM sources a) which reside on the same electronic device (e.g. multi-band mobile phone); b) arising from multiple devices (e.g. multiple base station antennas); c) arising from t
40、emporally uncorrelated fields (e.g., transmitters operating in different bands); d) arising from temporally correlated fields (e.g., adaptive (beam-steering) antenna arrays). Only intentional EM-energy transmitters are considered. NOTE Evaluation of spurious radiation from non-intentional emitters i
41、s addressed in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards dealing with unwanted EM emissions from electronic devices. The guidance in this Technical Report is not specifically intended for combining exposures from non-intentional radiating sources, such as EM leakages from electronic devices that
42、 are not designed for purpose of radiated RF emission. However, it may be possible to use some of the methods in this Technical Report to evaluate multiple exposures when some of the sources are not designed to radiate EM energy, e.g. microwave ovens or RF welders and dryers. This Technical Report e
43、stablishes basic, rigorous techniques to estimate accurately and conservatively the combined exposure from multiple EM sources. In developing International Standards, it is anticipated that IEC Project Teams may deviate from or further evolve these techniques as required to better address specific d
44、evice or evaluation requirements. The techniques established in this Technical Report allow summing internal fields for the purpose of determining SAR and external fields for determining the power density. They do not describe how to perform the volume or surface averaging procedures that would be r
45、equired to derive the compliance metrics (e.g., 10-g SAR or spatially-averaged power density) most commonly employed in national or international exposure guidelines. This Technical Report does not define any test method or algorithm to determine product compliance with exposure limits, leaving that
46、 task to product compliance standards. Even though an effort is made to provide guidance consistent with the most referenced international exposure guidelines, the Technical Report does not establish or imply any requirement to follow any specific national or international exposure guideline since t
47、hat is a regulatory matter. Rather, imposition of requirements depends on the policy of national regulators. TR 62630 IEC:2010(E) 7 GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING EXPOSURE FROM MULTIPLE ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES 1 Scope This Technical Report describes exposure evaluation concepts and techniques for the overa
48、ll exposure level in spatial regions and occupants caused by the simultaneous exposure to multiple narrowband electromagnetic (EM) sources. Throughout this Technical Report, it is assumed that the exposure evaluation occurs under static conditions, i.e., the source position and transmit-mode charact
49、eristics (e.g. emitted power, modulation scheme, etc.) of the device(s) under test do not vary significantly over the time required to carry out the evaluation using the chosen evaluation technique (e.g., field measurements). The vast majority of wireless communication systems worldwide employ signalling schemes featuring narrowband waveforms, hereinafter defined as signal waveforms occupying a frequency band not broader than 10 % of its central frequency
