1、 IEC TS 61245 Edition 2.0 2015-03 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on d.c. systems IEC TS 61245:2015-03(en) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2015 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise
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10、ebstore.iec.ch/csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csciec.ch. IEC TS 61245 Edition 2.0 2015-03 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used o
11、n d.c. systems INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 29.080.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-2546-2 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. 2 IEC TS 61245:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4
12、 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references. 8 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 General test requirements 11 4.1 General . 11 4.2 Test methods 12 4.3 Arrangement of insulator for test 12 4.3.1 Test configuration 12 4.3.2 Insulator cleaning . 12 4.4 Requirements for the test circuit 13 4.4.1 Test v
13、oltage . 13 4.4.2 Atmospheric corrections . 13 4.4.3 Characteristics of the measuring systems . 13 4.4.4 Identification of flashover . 13 5 Salt fog method . 14 5.1 General information . 14 5.2 Salt solution 14 5.3 Spraying system . 16 5.4 Conditions before starting the test . 19 5.5 Preconditioning
14、 process 19 5.6 Withstand test . 20 5.7 Acceptance criteria for the withstand test . 20 6 Solid layer method . 20 6.1 General information . 20 6.2 Main characteristics of inert materials 21 6.3 Composition of the contaminating suspension 21 6.4 Application of the pollution layer 22 6.5 Determination
15、 of the degree of pollution of the test insulator 23 6.6 Test procedure 23 6.7 Withstand test and acceptance criteria . 24 Annex A (informative) Method for checking the uniformity of the layer . 25 Annex B (informative) Determination of the withstand characteristics of insulators . 27 B.1 General .
16、27 B.2 Determination of the maximum withstand degree of pollution at a given test voltage 27 B.3 Determination of the maximum withstand voltage at a given degree of pollution 27 B.4 Determination of the 50 % withstand voltage at a given degree of pollution . 28 Annex C (informative) Additional recom
17、mendations concerning the solid layer method procedures . 29 C.1 General . 29 C.2 Contamination practice 29 C.3 Drying of the pollution layer . 29 C.4 Checking the wetting action of the fog . 29 IEC TS 61245:2015 IEC 2015 3 C.5 Checking fog uniformity for large or complex test objects . 30 C.6 Fog i
18、nput to the test chamber 30 C.7 Duration of the withstand test 31 C.8 Evaluation of the reference salt deposit density (SDD) 31 Annex D (informative) Information to check equipment for artificial pollution tests . 32 Annex E (informative) Supplementary information on artificial pollution tests on in
19、sulators for voltage systems of 600 kV and above (solid layer method procedure B) 34 E.1 General . 34 E.2 Test chamber 34 E.3 Fog generator . 34 E.4 Wetting action and uniformity of fog density . 34 E.5 Test of very large insulators 34 Annex F (informative) Further investigation 35 Bibliography . 36
20、 Figure 1 Ripple amplitude and actual mean voltage, measured on a resistive load absorbing 100 mA . 9 Figure 2 Voltage drop and voltage overshoot and leakage current . 14 Figure 3 Value of factor b versus solution temperature . 16 Figure 4 Typical construction of fog spray nozzle 18 Figure 5 Test la
21、yout for inclined insulators 19 Figure A.1 Arrangement of the probe electrodes . 25 Figure A.2 Circuit diagram of the meter 26 Figure C.1 Determination of layer conductance and evaluation of its rise time T c= t 2 t 131 Table 1 Salt-fog method: correspondence between the value of salinity and volume
22、 conductivity of the solution at a temperature of 20 C 15 Table 2 Main characteristics of the inert materials used in solid layer suspensions . 21 Table 3 Kaolin (or Tonoko) composition: approximate correspondence between the reference degrees of pollution on the insulator and the volume conductivit
23、y of the suspension at a temperature of 20 C 22 Table D.1 (Provisional) 33 4 IEC TS 61245:2015 IEC 2015 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ARTIFICIAL POLLUTION TESTS ON HIGH-VOLTAGE CERAMIC AND GLASS INSULATORS TO BE USED ON D.C. SYSTEMS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commis
24、sion (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
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33、n or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publicatio
34、n may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical spec
35、ification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International
36、Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC TS 61245, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 36: Insulators. This second edition cancel
37、s and replaces the first edition published in 1993. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC TS 61245:2015 IEC 2015 5 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Corrections and the addition of explanatory material; b) The addi
38、tion of Clause 4.4.2 on atmospheric correction; c) The change of upper limit of volume conductivity of tap water for insulator cleaning to 0,1 S/m; d) The extension to UHV voltages; and e) The addition of Annex B “Determination of the withstand characteristics of insulators“ and Annex E “Supplementa
39、ry information on artificial pollution tests on insulators for voltage systems of 600 kV and above (solid layer method procedure B) The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 36/352/DTS 36/359/RVC Full information on the voting for th
40、e approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability
41、 date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publicati
42、on may be issued at a later date. 6 IEC TS 61245:2015 IEC 2015 INTRODUCTION The electrical strength of d.c. insulation under pollution conditions determines, in many cases, the dimensions and the design of the insulation. The d.c. test procedures as specified in this technical specification follow c
43、losely the ones established for a.c. by IEC 60507. This does not exclude the possibility that at a later time other d.c. test procedures will be defined. The main differences between this technical specification and IEC 60507 are: test circuit requirements include ripple factor, voltage drop and vol
44、tage overshoot. No requirements are made for the minimum short circuit current or ratio between short circuit and leakage currents; different criteria for the identification of flashover are given; for the salt fog test, a pre-conditioning process with d.c. voltage may be used by agreement; the wett
45、ing rate, rather than the steam injection rate, is prescribed; the measurement of the layer conductance is used to check the wetting action of the fog; as regards the solid layer methods, only the test procedure type “B“ is considered due to the high scatter of the results obtained with tests carrie
46、d out according to the type “A“ procedure. The tests are deemed to be not a suitable measure to prove the insulation performance of polymeric or special types of insulators (e.g. insulators with semiconducting glaze or covered with any organic insulating material) under polluted conditions. The test
47、 procedures given in this standard do not take account of the different properties of insulators such as surface hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transfer through the pollution layer etc. These questions are under consideration by CIGRE SC D1. For the test methods described in this technical specif
48、ication, it is recommended that the voltage for the withstand voltage tests be specified as the highest value of operating voltage which occurs under normal operating conditions. Other test voltages may be agreed upon. If not otherwise specified and agreed between the parties, voltage of the negativ
49、e polarity will be applied. Only those test methods in which the voltage is held constant during the whole test are considered suitable for standardization. Variants in which the voltage is raised continuously to flashover are not included in this technical specification. The leakage current may be used for interpretation of the test results, and therefore it is recommended that this current be continuously measured during the artificial pollution tests. To achieve repeatable result
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