IEC TR 62278-3-2010 Railway applications - Specification and demonstration of reliability availability maintainability and safety (RAMS) - Part 3 Guide to the a.pdf

1、 IEC/TR 62278-3 Edition 1.0 2010-04 TECHNICAL REPORT Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock RAM IEC/TR 62278-3:2010(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYR

2、IGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC

3、 or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. Droits de

4、reproduction rservs. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de la CEI ou du Comit national de la CEI du pa

5、ys du demandeur. Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous dsirez obtenir des droits supplmentaires sur cette publication, utilisez les coordonnes ci-aprs ou contactez le Comit national de la CEI de votre pays de rsidence. IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varemb CH-1211 Geneva 20

6、Switzerland Email: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec

7、ch/searchpub The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,). It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications. IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Stay up to date on all new IEC publica

8、tions. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available on-line and also by email. Electropedia: www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equ

9、ivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary online. Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contac

10、t us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC/TR 62278-3 Edition 1.0 2010-04 TECHNICAL REPORT Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock

11、 RAM INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XB ICS 45.060 PRICE CODE ISBN 978-2-88910-660-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission colour inside 2 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Terms and definitions .8 3 Approach adopted for t

12、he guide8 3.1 General .8 3.2 Entities involved in the life cycle phases of rolling stock 8 4 Application of this guide .8 4.1 Object of the application8 4.2 Application of IEC 62278.9 4.2.1 Assessment of the application of IEC 622789 4.2.2 Mandatory requirements for the application of IEC 622789 5 S

13、pecifying RAM requirements.10 5.1 Introductory remarks .10 5.2 Preliminary RAM analysis10 5.2.1 General .10 5.2.2 Preliminary RAM analysis activities .11 5.3 RAM requirements.17 5.3.1 General .17 5.3.2 Reliability targets.17 5.3.3 Maintainability targets18 5.3.4 Availability targets .22 5.4 Process

14、for choosing RAM figures.25 5.5 RAM programme .25 5.5.1 General .25 5.5.2 Configuration management system26 5.5.3 RAM programme outline 27 5.5.4 Example of RAM analyses document template and data 28 6 RAM assurance during life cycle.42 6.1 RAM programme and phases of the life cycle42 6.1.1 General .

15、42 6.1.2 Tender phase 43 6.1.3 Design phase 44 6.1.4 Demonstration phase.47 7 RAM parameters to be incorporated into LCC model 50 7.1 General .50 7.2 Overview of LCC modelling .51 7.3 RAM parameters for LCC 51 Annex A (informative) Examples of breakdown structure53 Bibliography66 Figure 1 Example of

16、 reliability prediction analysis sheet.30 Figure 2 Example of preventive maintenance analysis sheet34 Figure 3 Example of preventive maintenance sheet for a single frequency.36 Figure 4 Example of corrective maintenance analysis sheet.38 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 3 Figure 5 Example of items FMECA sheet

17、 .40 Figure 6 Example of functions FMECA sheet .41 Figure 7 RAM programme and life cycle phases.42 Figure 8 Possible relationships between customer, main supplier, sub-supplier during some phases of life cycle for rolling stock .43 Figure 9 Flow diagram representing activities/documentations of desi

18、gn phase .45 Figure A.1 Example of physical structure using organisation chart for an Electrical Multiple Unit Coach.54 Figure A.2 Example of functional structure using organisation chart for an Electrical Multiple Unit Coach.55 Figure A.3 Example of structure using the tree breakdown chart for an E

19、MU (Electrical Multiple Unit) traction vehicle .56 Figure A.4 Example of structure using the tree breakdown chart for an EMU (Electrical Multiple Unit) coach63 Table 1 Possible sharing of responsibility 8 Table 2 Example of minimum set of data of the header for a form representing a breakdown struct

20、ure .14 Table 3 Example of minimum set of data representing a breakdown structure14 Table 4 RAM failure categories 15 Table 5 Significant failure specification 16 Table 6 Major failure specification16 Table 7 Minor failure specification16 Table 8 Reliability requirements for failure categories 18 Ta

21、ble 9 Qualitative requirements for maintainability .20 Table 10 Preventive/corrective maintenance requirements.21 Table 11 Logistic support requirements21 Table 12 Maintenance cost requirements.22 Table 13 Availability requirements .24 Table 14 Example of minimum set of data of the header for RAM an

22、alyses template .28 Table 15 Example of minimum set of data for reliability prediction sheets 29 Table 16 Example of minimum set of data for preventive maintenance sheets .33 Table 17 Example of minimum set of data for corrective maintenance sheets 37 Table 18 Example of minimum set of data for item

23、s FMECA sheets .39 Table 19 Description of the main tasks of design phase.46 4 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RAILWAY APPLICATIONS SPECIFICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of I

24、EC 62278 for rolling stock RAM FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions co

25、ncerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). T

26、heir preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborate

27、s closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the

28、relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that

29、the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the max

30、imum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies

31、 provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IE

32、C or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and ex

33、penses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) At

34、tention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a tech

35、nical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC 62278-3, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee

36、9: Electrical equipment and systems for railways. This technical report is based on EN 50126-3. This technical report is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62278 (2002). TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 5 The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 9/1

37、284/DTR 9/1315A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this pub

38、lication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this pu

39、blication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 TR

40、62278-3 IEC:2010(E) INTRODUCTION IEC 62278 is likely to enhance the general understanding of the issues involved in achieving RAMS characteristics within the railway field. It defines a comprehensive set of tasks for the different phases of a generic life cycle for a total rail system. Although some

41、 of the examples given in the annexes of IEC 62278 are for rolling stock, the standard is essentially aimed as a top level railway system document. RAMS characteristics for rolling stock (i.e. its long-term operating behaviour performance), as for any other system, form an important part of its over

42、all performance characteristics. But the consideration of RAMS, in contractual terms, between a customer / operator and a main supplier for the procurement of rolling stock has been problematic. Also, in rolling stock contracts, there is now a greater emphasis on the impact on end customers of servi

43、ce failures and on the economic and risk considerations of RAMS (i.e. the business perspective). Consequently, Life Cycle Cost is being used as a measure of satisfying customer needs and providing a wider perspective of RAMS importance in terms of the business economics. Life cycle cost approach rep

44、resents a holistic, total cost of ownership philosophy for addressing economic considerations. The contribution of RAMS to the LCC (Life Cycle Cost) of rolling stock could be used to allow economic considerations to be addressed. This application guide focuses mainly on the tasks and issues from pro

45、curement, engineering and maintenance, from the tender to the operation/maintenance phase, and is intended to help in establishing a common approach for capturing the different, time dependant, performance requirements of rolling stock from an operator/business perspective. IEC 62278 is a standard,

46、which treats the overall aspects of RAMS in railway applications. This guide deals with the application of RAM part of IEC 62278 to rolling stock only, as stated in the scope and clarifies areas where IEC 62278 could be misinterpreted. TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 7 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS SPECIFICATION AND

47、DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock RAM 1 Scope This part of IEC 62278 provides guidance on applying the RAM requirements in IEC 62278 to rolling stock and for dealing with RAM activities during

48、 the system life cycle phases from invitation to tender to demonstration in operation only. All references to IEC 62278 concern the 2002 issue. The guide is aimed at the customers/operators and main suppliers of rolling stock. The main purpose of the guide is to: enable a customer/operator of rollin

49、g stock: to specify the RAM requirements addressing the type of operation in terms of the end customer needs, considering service availability and economic considerations; to evaluate different tenders, in terms of RAM requirements, on a common basis with the aid of specific RAM documents; to gain assurance, during design/development phase, that the rolling stock being offered is likely to satisfy the RAM