1、 IEC/TR 62278-3 Edition 1.0 2010-04 TECHNICAL REPORT Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock RAM IEC/TR 62278-3:2010(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYR
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10、t us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC/TR 62278-3 Edition 1.0 2010-04 TECHNICAL REPORT Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock
11、 RAM INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XB ICS 45.060 PRICE CODE ISBN 978-2-88910-660-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission colour inside 2 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Terms and definitions .8 3 Approach adopted for t
12、he guide8 3.1 General .8 3.2 Entities involved in the life cycle phases of rolling stock 8 4 Application of this guide .8 4.1 Object of the application8 4.2 Application of IEC 62278.9 4.2.1 Assessment of the application of IEC 622789 4.2.2 Mandatory requirements for the application of IEC 622789 5 S
13、pecifying RAM requirements.10 5.1 Introductory remarks .10 5.2 Preliminary RAM analysis10 5.2.1 General .10 5.2.2 Preliminary RAM analysis activities .11 5.3 RAM requirements.17 5.3.1 General .17 5.3.2 Reliability targets.17 5.3.3 Maintainability targets18 5.3.4 Availability targets .22 5.4 Process
14、for choosing RAM figures.25 5.5 RAM programme .25 5.5.1 General .25 5.5.2 Configuration management system26 5.5.3 RAM programme outline 27 5.5.4 Example of RAM analyses document template and data 28 6 RAM assurance during life cycle.42 6.1 RAM programme and phases of the life cycle42 6.1.1 General .
15、42 6.1.2 Tender phase 43 6.1.3 Design phase 44 6.1.4 Demonstration phase.47 7 RAM parameters to be incorporated into LCC model 50 7.1 General .50 7.2 Overview of LCC modelling .51 7.3 RAM parameters for LCC 51 Annex A (informative) Examples of breakdown structure53 Bibliography66 Figure 1 Example of
16、 reliability prediction analysis sheet.30 Figure 2 Example of preventive maintenance analysis sheet34 Figure 3 Example of preventive maintenance sheet for a single frequency.36 Figure 4 Example of corrective maintenance analysis sheet.38 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 3 Figure 5 Example of items FMECA sheet
17、 .40 Figure 6 Example of functions FMECA sheet .41 Figure 7 RAM programme and life cycle phases.42 Figure 8 Possible relationships between customer, main supplier, sub-supplier during some phases of life cycle for rolling stock .43 Figure 9 Flow diagram representing activities/documentations of desi
18、gn phase .45 Figure A.1 Example of physical structure using organisation chart for an Electrical Multiple Unit Coach.54 Figure A.2 Example of functional structure using organisation chart for an Electrical Multiple Unit Coach.55 Figure A.3 Example of structure using the tree breakdown chart for an E
19、MU (Electrical Multiple Unit) traction vehicle .56 Figure A.4 Example of structure using the tree breakdown chart for an EMU (Electrical Multiple Unit) coach63 Table 1 Possible sharing of responsibility 8 Table 2 Example of minimum set of data of the header for a form representing a breakdown struct
20、ure .14 Table 3 Example of minimum set of data representing a breakdown structure14 Table 4 RAM failure categories 15 Table 5 Significant failure specification 16 Table 6 Major failure specification16 Table 7 Minor failure specification16 Table 8 Reliability requirements for failure categories 18 Ta
21、ble 9 Qualitative requirements for maintainability .20 Table 10 Preventive/corrective maintenance requirements.21 Table 11 Logistic support requirements21 Table 12 Maintenance cost requirements.22 Table 13 Availability requirements .24 Table 14 Example of minimum set of data of the header for RAM an
22、alyses template .28 Table 15 Example of minimum set of data for reliability prediction sheets 29 Table 16 Example of minimum set of data for preventive maintenance sheets .33 Table 17 Example of minimum set of data for corrective maintenance sheets 37 Table 18 Example of minimum set of data for item
23、s FMECA sheets .39 Table 19 Description of the main tasks of design phase.46 4 TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RAILWAY APPLICATIONS SPECIFICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of I
24、EC 62278 for rolling stock RAM FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions co
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35、nical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC 62278-3, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee
36、9: Electrical equipment and systems for railways. This technical report is based on EN 50126-3. This technical report is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62278 (2002). TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 5 The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 9/1
37、284/DTR 9/1315A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this pub
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40、62278-3 IEC:2010(E) INTRODUCTION IEC 62278 is likely to enhance the general understanding of the issues involved in achieving RAMS characteristics within the railway field. It defines a comprehensive set of tasks for the different phases of a generic life cycle for a total rail system. Although some
41、 of the examples given in the annexes of IEC 62278 are for rolling stock, the standard is essentially aimed as a top level railway system document. RAMS characteristics for rolling stock (i.e. its long-term operating behaviour performance), as for any other system, form an important part of its over
42、all performance characteristics. But the consideration of RAMS, in contractual terms, between a customer / operator and a main supplier for the procurement of rolling stock has been problematic. Also, in rolling stock contracts, there is now a greater emphasis on the impact on end customers of servi
43、ce failures and on the economic and risk considerations of RAMS (i.e. the business perspective). Consequently, Life Cycle Cost is being used as a measure of satisfying customer needs and providing a wider perspective of RAMS importance in terms of the business economics. Life cycle cost approach rep
44、resents a holistic, total cost of ownership philosophy for addressing economic considerations. The contribution of RAMS to the LCC (Life Cycle Cost) of rolling stock could be used to allow economic considerations to be addressed. This application guide focuses mainly on the tasks and issues from pro
45、curement, engineering and maintenance, from the tender to the operation/maintenance phase, and is intended to help in establishing a common approach for capturing the different, time dependant, performance requirements of rolling stock from an operator/business perspective. IEC 62278 is a standard,
46、which treats the overall aspects of RAMS in railway applications. This guide deals with the application of RAM part of IEC 62278 to rolling stock only, as stated in the scope and clarifies areas where IEC 62278 could be misinterpreted. TR 62278-3 IEC:2010(E) 7 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS SPECIFICATION AND
47、DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 3: Guide to the application of IEC 62278 for rolling stock RAM 1 Scope This part of IEC 62278 provides guidance on applying the RAM requirements in IEC 62278 to rolling stock and for dealing with RAM activities during
48、 the system life cycle phases from invitation to tender to demonstration in operation only. All references to IEC 62278 concern the 2002 issue. The guide is aimed at the customers/operators and main suppliers of rolling stock. The main purpose of the guide is to: enable a customer/operator of rollin
49、g stock: to specify the RAM requirements addressing the type of operation in terms of the end customer needs, considering service availability and economic considerations; to evaluate different tenders, in terms of RAM requirements, on a common basis with the aid of specific RAM documents; to gain assurance, during design/development phase, that the rolling stock being offered is likely to satisfy the RAM
