【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(十四)及答案解析.doc

1、英语-基础语法(十四)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1._ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. As B. Once C. Although D. Lest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.A new technique _, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A. working out B. having workedC. having

2、 been worked out D. to have been worked out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.In no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than _.A. be put into it B. is put into itC. to put into it D. that is to be put into it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.He gives people the impression _ all his life abroad.A. of having spent B

3、 to have spentC. of being spent D. to spend（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.A. as B. what C. so D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.In the southwestern part of the United States _ built in the las

4、t century.A. there are many abandoned mining townsB. were many abandoned mining townsC. where there are many abandoned mining townsD. where are many abandoned mining towns（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.Observations were made _ the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.A. towards

5、B. of C. on D. at（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A. had been cancelled B. have been cancelledC. were cancelled D. having been cancelled（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and

6、 perfected now.A. developed B. have developedC. are being developed D. will have been developed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A. Seldom B. Little C. Only D. Never（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotiat

7、ions were going on.A. informed B. be informedC. inform D. informing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12._ fairly recently, _ solved, at least partially.A. Until that this problem wasB. It was until that this problem wasC. Not until was this problemD. It was not until when this problem was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.Scientis

8、ts say it may be five or ten years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. before C. after D. when（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.The business of each day, _ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be it C. was it D. it was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.If tap water

9、were as dangerous as some people think, _ would be getting sick.A. alotofmoreus B. morealotofusC. a lot of us more D. a lot more of us（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.A. told B. declared C. viewed D. witnessed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D

10、17.Im very keen of hearing,_?A. amnt I B. aint I C. arent I D. dont I（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.I have heard both teachers and students _ well of him.A. to speak B. to have spokenC. spoken D. speak（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.John is the only one of the students who _ to France.A. has been B. have been C. had been

11、 D. has being（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real people.A. in which B. on whichC. when D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our work

12、 we declined the offer.A. was not finished B. has not been finishedC. did not finish D. not having been finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.We _ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hoped B. had hopedC. would hope D. should hope（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.Had I known her name, I _.A. w

13、ould invite her to lunch. B. would have invited her to lunchC. invited her to lunch D. could invite her to lunch（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.The speaker, _ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.A. having known B. being knownC. knowing D. known（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25._ to the right, you w

14、ill find a path leading to his cottage.A. Turned B. Turning C. To turn D. Being turned（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _ just around the corner was untrue.A. was B. being C. would be D. to be（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.El

15、ectrical resistance is a common property of all materials, _.A. only differs in degree B. only in degree it differsC. differing only in degree D. and differing in degree only（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28._ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $ 21000.A. Judged

16、 the best B. To be judged the bestC. Judging the best D. Having judged the best（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.Language is a city, to the building of _ every human being brought a stone.A. which B. that C. it D. this（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.He bought that house, _ that he would inherit money under his uncles will.A.

17、 assumed B. assumingC. being assumed D. having been assumed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.The American young man speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _ a Chinese.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you delay to make B. your delayin

18、g to makeC. you to delay making D. your delaying making（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Each and every difference _contradictionAhave Bcontain Ccontains Dwill contain（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of my presence as I _.A. was of his B. was of him C. did him D. did

19、 of his（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.His Selected Poems _ first published in 1992.A. was B. were C. had been D. are（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe _ it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. so that B. now that C. in that D. but that（

20、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.The train _ at eight tonight.A. will be started B. will have startedC. shall be started D. starts（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.Language belongs to each one of us, to the flower-seller _ to the professor.A. the same as B. as long asC. as much as D. as far as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.This article d

21、eals with the natural _ which is most interesting to everyone.A. phenomenon B. phenomenaC. phenomenons D. phenomenas（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.The scientist has made another wonderful discovery, _ is of great importance to science.A. which I think B. which I think itC. of which I think D. I think which（分数：

22、2.00）A.B.C.D.41.Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A. is to be analyzed B. were analyzedC. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.No matter how frequently

23、 _, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A. performing B. performedC. to be performed D. being performed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.He was _ when he became president of the corporation.A. at his forty B. in his fortyC. of his forties D. in his forties（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Living in the centra

24、l Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least.A. for which B. to whichC. of which D. in which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.I had hoped that I _ you by talking about my children.A. shouldnt bore B. wouldnt boreC. didnt bore D. hadnt bored（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.The fire started on the fi

25、rst floor of the hospital _ were elderly and weak.A. many of its patients B. many of whose patientsC. many patients of whom D. many of which patients（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.This is the only book _ I have on chemistry.A. what B. what so ever C. which D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.-I am sure you shant find a

26、 single mistake in my composition.-Oh, I shant, _?A. will I B. shall I C. wont I D. shant I（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.If the computer _ the computations, a signal will be given at once.A. will finish B. is finishingC. is going to finish D. has finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.Neither of the two parties _ able t

27、o solve the problems of the poor.A. are B. is C. have been D. will have been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(十四)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1._ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. As B. Once C. Although D. Lest（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 从语义上判断上下

28、句是转折关系，其他三项可排除。2.A new technique _, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A. working out B. having workedC. having been worked out D. to have been worked out（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 分词独立结构作原因状语。3.In no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than _.A. be put into it B. is put into

29、 itC. to put into it D. that is to be put into it（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本句的意思是“在任何情况下，一部机器所输入的功比对它输出的功多”。than is put into it是省略句省略了主语 what。4.He gives people the impression _ all his life abroad.A. of having spent B. to have spentC. of being spent D. to spend（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 动名词短语作介词的宾语，与介词一起

30、构成介词短语作定语，修饰名词 impression。动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，所以用动名词的完成形式。5.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.A. as B. what C. so D. that（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。6.In the southwestern part of t

31、he United States _ built in the last century.A. there are many abandoned mining townsB. were many abandoned mining townsC. where there are many abandoned mining townsD. where are many abandoned mining towns（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在以 be作谓语的句子中，如果表示地点的状语放在句首时往往用倒装句，in the southwestern part为地点状语，weremi

32、ning towns 是倒装语序，这里用倒装语序更合适，因为towns后面还有定语 built in the last century修饰。7.Observations were made _ the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.A. towards B. of C. on D. at（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 这里的 of短语实际上应跟在 observations的后面(make observations of the children)，变成被动态就成了目前这

33、个样子，由于 of的宾语太长，所以后移。8.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A. had been cancelled B. have been cancelledC. were cancelled D. having been cancelled（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 其他三个选项都是谓语动词形式。由于题干用的是逗号并且没有连接词，因此可以判断它不是一个并列句。句中的 having been cancelled为现在分

34、词的完成被动形式，连同它的逻辑主语 all flights一起构成分词的独立结构，在句中作状语表示原因。9.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and perfected now.A. developed B. have developedC. are being developed D. will have been developed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本题中句子的主语 computers和谓语动词 develop之间是被动关系，故首先排除选项A、B。时间状语 now表示

35、谓语是现在正在进行的动作，故选 C。10._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A. Seldom B. Little C. Only D. Never（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 半否定词 little放在句首时，句子要用倒装语序。seldom/never 放在句首时，句子也需用倒装语序，only 引导的状语放在句首时，也需用倒装语序。但这三个不合句意。11.The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotia

36、tions were going on.A. informed B. be informedC. inform D. informing（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 分词的逻辑主语为 all the board members，与分词成被动关系。因此，用过去分词作宾语补足语。12._ fairly recently, _ solved, at least partially.A. Until that this problem wasB. It was until that this problem wasC. Not until was this problemD. It

37、was not until when this problem was（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 until 可以与 not连用表示“直到(才)”。如果 not until放到句首，其后面部分需部分倒装。根据这一点，可得出 C为正确选项。13.Scientists say it may be five or ten years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. before C. after D. when（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 It may be

38、 five or ten years before意为“可能过 5年或 10年才”。14.The business of each day, _ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be it C. was it D. it was（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 让步状语从句也可用来表示虚拟语气结构，其形式为 whetherbe，有时可将 whether。省去，把 be提前。15.If tap water were as dangerous as some people think

39、 _ would be getting sick.A. alotofmoreus B. morealotofusC. a lot of us more D. a lot more of us（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 该句显然是虚拟语气句。意思是：如果自来水就像一些人认为的那样危险，那么我们就会有更多的人得病。a lot 可以用来修饰比较级放在其前面。因此，正确答案为 D。16.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.A. told B.

40、 declared C. viewed D. witnessed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 witness 作动词，以人作主语表示“见证，目睹”，在正式文体和文学作品中也可以以年代作主语，本句可译为“19 世纪后半叶目睹了交通工具的稳步改善”或“交通工具在 19世纪后半叶有了稳步改善”。如：This century has witnessed the steady growth of urban centers17.Im very keen of hearing,_?A. amnt I B. aint I C. arent I D. dont I（分数：2.00）A.B.C

41、 D.解析：解析 I am的附加疑问句一般用 arent I?而 aint I?是不规范的。18.I have heard both teachers and students _ well of him.A. to speak B. to have spokenC. spoken D. speak（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 hear 后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时省略 to。19.John is the only one of the students who _ to France.A. has been B. have been C. had been D. has

42、 being（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 定语从句中谓语动词的性数应与先行词的性数一致。解此题关键是要弄清先行词是 the only one还是 the students。20.The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real people.A. in which B. on whichC. when D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 h

43、ours 虽然表示时间，但在从句中作宾语。21.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our work _, we declined the offer.A. was not finished B. has not been finishedC. did not finish D. not having been finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 our work not having been finished 我们的工作尚未完成，为分词独立结构作状语，表示原因。注意：否定的分词

44、短语中的否定词 not必须放在整个分词短语的最前面而不能放在其后，如只能说 not having been finished，而不能说 having not been finished。22.We _ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hoped B. had hopedC. would hope D. should hope（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 be，intend，mean，plan，want，hope 等动词的过去完成时加动词不定式表示过去想做而没有做的事。23.Had

45、 I known her name, I _.A. would invite her to lunch. B. would have invited her to lunchC. invited her to lunch D. could invite her to lunch（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句中省略了 if，had 提到主语前面，形成倒装，主句谓语形式是 would have+过去分词。24.The speaker, _ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by

46、the audience.A. having known B. being knownC. knowing D. known（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句，等同于 who is known for。25._ to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.A. Turned B. Turning C. To turn D. Being turned（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 现在分词短语作条件状语。26.Anyone with half an eye

47、on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _ just around the corner was untrue.A. was B. being C. would be D. to be（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 这里的 about后面跟一个“名词+动词-ing”结构，the assertion about eco-nomic recovery being around the corner经济很快就要复苏的断言。27.Electrical resistance i

48、s a common property of all materials, _.A. only differs in degree B. only in degree it differsC. differing only in degree D. and differing in degree only（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 现在分词短语作让步状语，全句意思为：电阻是所有物质的共性，只是存在大小差异罢了。28._ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $ 21000.A. Judged the best B. To be judged the bestC. Jud