【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(十四)及答案解析.doc

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1、英语-基础语法(十四)及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)1._ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. As B. Once C. Although D. Lest(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.2.A new technique _, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A. working out B. having workedC. having

2、 been worked out D. to have been worked out(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.3.In no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than _.A. be put into it B. is put into itC. to put into it D. that is to be put into it(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.4.He gives people the impression _ all his life abroad.A. of having spent B

3、. to have spentC. of being spent D. to spend(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.5.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.A. as B. what C. so D. that(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.6.In the southwestern part of the United States _ built in the las

4、t century.A. there are many abandoned mining townsB. were many abandoned mining townsC. where there are many abandoned mining townsD. where are many abandoned mining towns(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.7.Observations were made _ the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.A. towards

5、B. of C. on D. at(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.8.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A. had been cancelled B. have been cancelledC. were cancelled D. having been cancelled(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.9.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and

6、 perfected now.A. developed B. have developedC. are being developed D. will have been developed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.10._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A. Seldom B. Little C. Only D. Never(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.11.The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotiat

7、ions were going on.A. informed B. be informedC. inform D. informing(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.12._ fairly recently, _ solved, at least partially.A. Until that this problem wasB. It was until that this problem wasC. Not until was this problemD. It was not until when this problem was(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.13.Scientis

8、ts say it may be five or ten years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. before C. after D. when(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.14.The business of each day, _ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be it C. was it D. it was(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.15.If tap water

9、were as dangerous as some people think, _ would be getting sick.A. alotofmoreus B. morealotofusC. a lot of us more D. a lot more of us(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.16.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.A. told B. declared C. viewed D. witnessed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D

10、.17.Im very keen of hearing,_?A. amnt I B. aint I C. arent I D. dont I(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.18.I have heard both teachers and students _ well of him.A. to speak B. to have spokenC. spoken D. speak(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.19.John is the only one of the students who _ to France.A. has been B. have been C. had been

11、 D. has being(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.20.The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real people.A. in which B. on whichC. when D. that(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.21.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our work

12、_, we declined the offer.A. was not finished B. has not been finishedC. did not finish D. not having been finished(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.22.We _ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hoped B. had hopedC. would hope D. should hope(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.23.Had I known her name, I _.A. w

13、ould invite her to lunch. B. would have invited her to lunchC. invited her to lunch D. could invite her to lunch(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.24.The speaker, _ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.A. having known B. being knownC. knowing D. known(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.25._ to the right, you w

14、ill find a path leading to his cottage.A. Turned B. Turning C. To turn D. Being turned(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.26.Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _ just around the corner was untrue.A. was B. being C. would be D. to be(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.27.El

15、ectrical resistance is a common property of all materials, _.A. only differs in degree B. only in degree it differsC. differing only in degree D. and differing in degree only(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.28._ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $ 21000.A. Judged

16、 the best B. To be judged the bestC. Judging the best D. Having judged the best(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.29.Language is a city, to the building of _ every human being brought a stone.A. which B. that C. it D. this(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.30.He bought that house, _ that he would inherit money under his uncles will.A.

17、 assumed B. assumingC. being assumed D. having been assumed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.31.The American young man speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _ a Chinese.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.32.I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you delay to make B. your delayin

18、g to makeC. you to delay making D. your delaying making(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.33.Each and every difference _contradictionAhave Bcontain Ccontains Dwill contain(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.34.I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of my presence as I _.A. was of his B. was of him C. did him D. did

19、 of his(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.35.His Selected Poems _ first published in 1992.A. was B. were C. had been D. are(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.36.Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe _ it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. so that B. now that C. in that D. but that(

20、分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.37.The train _ at eight tonight.A. will be started B. will have startedC. shall be started D. starts(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.38.Language belongs to each one of us, to the flower-seller _ to the professor.A. the same as B. as long asC. as much as D. as far as(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.39.This article d

21、eals with the natural _ which is most interesting to everyone.A. phenomenon B. phenomenaC. phenomenons D. phenomenas(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.40.The scientist has made another wonderful discovery, _ is of great importance to science.A. which I think B. which I think itC. of which I think D. I think which(分数:

22、2.00)A.B.C.D.41.Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A. is to be analyzed B. were analyzedC. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.42.No matter how frequently

23、 _, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A. performing B. performedC. to be performed D. being performed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.43.He was _ when he became president of the corporation.A. at his forty B. in his fortyC. of his forties D. in his forties(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.44.Living in the centra

24、l Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least.A. for which B. to whichC. of which D. in which(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.45.I had hoped that I _ you by talking about my children.A. shouldnt bore B. wouldnt boreC. didnt bore D. hadnt bored(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.46.The fire started on the fi

25、rst floor of the hospital _ were elderly and weak.A. many of its patients B. many of whose patientsC. many patients of whom D. many of which patients(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.47.This is the only book _ I have on chemistry.A. what B. what so ever C. which D. that(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.48.-I am sure you shant find a

26、 single mistake in my composition.-Oh, I shant, _?A. will I B. shall I C. wont I D. shant I(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.49.If the computer _ the computations, a signal will be given at once.A. will finish B. is finishingC. is going to finish D. has finished(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.50.Neither of the two parties _ able t

27、o solve the problems of the poor.A. are B. is C. have been D. will have been(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(十四)答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)1._ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. As B. Once C. Although D. Lest(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 从语义上判断上下

28、句是转折关系,其他三项可排除。2.A new technique _, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A. working out B. having workedC. having been worked out D. to have been worked out(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 分词独立结构作原因状语。3.In no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than _.A. be put into it B. is put into

29、 itC. to put into it D. that is to be put into it(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 本句的意思是“在任何情况下,一部机器所输入的功比对它输出的功多”。than is put into it是省略句省略了主语 what。4.He gives people the impression _ all his life abroad.A. of having spent B. to have spentC. of being spent D. to spend(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 动名词短语作介词的宾语,与介词一起

30、构成介词短语作定语,修饰名词 impression。动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,所以用动名词的完成形式。5.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.A. as B. what C. so D. that(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 as 引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子的内容。6.In the southwestern part of t

31、he United States _ built in the last century.A. there are many abandoned mining townsB. were many abandoned mining townsC. where there are many abandoned mining townsD. where are many abandoned mining towns(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 在以 be作谓语的句子中,如果表示地点的状语放在句首时往往用倒装句,in the southwestern part为地点状语,weremi

32、ning towns 是倒装语序,这里用倒装语序更合适,因为towns后面还有定语 built in the last century修饰。7.Observations were made _ the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.A. towards B. of C. on D. at(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 这里的 of短语实际上应跟在 observations的后面(make observations of the children),变成被动态就成了目前这

33、个样子,由于 of的宾语太长,所以后移。8.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A. had been cancelled B. have been cancelledC. were cancelled D. having been cancelled(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 其他三个选项都是谓语动词形式。由于题干用的是逗号并且没有连接词,因此可以判断它不是一个并列句。句中的 having been cancelled为现在分

34、词的完成被动形式,连同它的逻辑主语 all flights一起构成分词的独立结构,在句中作状语表示原因。9.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and perfected now.A. developed B. have developedC. are being developed D. will have been developed(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 本题中句子的主语 computers和谓语动词 develop之间是被动关系,故首先排除选项A、B。时间状语 now表示

35、谓语是现在正在进行的动作,故选 C。10._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A. Seldom B. Little C. Only D. Never(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 半否定词 little放在句首时,句子要用倒装语序。seldom/never 放在句首时,句子也需用倒装语序,only 引导的状语放在句首时,也需用倒装语序。但这三个不合句意。11.The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotia

36、tions were going on.A. informed B. be informedC. inform D. informing(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 分词的逻辑主语为 all the board members,与分词成被动关系。因此,用过去分词作宾语补足语。12._ fairly recently, _ solved, at least partially.A. Until that this problem wasB. It was until that this problem wasC. Not until was this problemD. It

37、was not until when this problem was(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 until 可以与 not连用表示“直到(才)”。如果 not until放到句首,其后面部分需部分倒装。根据这一点,可得出 C为正确选项。13.Scientists say it may be five or ten years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. before C. after D. when(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 It may be

38、 five or ten years before意为“可能过 5年或 10年才”。14.The business of each day, _ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be it C. was it D. it was(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 让步状语从句也可用来表示虚拟语气结构,其形式为 whetherbe,有时可将 whether。省去,把 be提前。15.If tap water were as dangerous as some people think

39、, _ would be getting sick.A. alotofmoreus B. morealotofusC. a lot of us more D. a lot more of us(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 该句显然是虚拟语气句。意思是:如果自来水就像一些人认为的那样危险,那么我们就会有更多的人得病。a lot 可以用来修饰比较级放在其前面。因此,正确答案为 D。16.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.A. told B.

40、 declared C. viewed D. witnessed(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 witness 作动词,以人作主语表示“见证,目睹”,在正式文体和文学作品中也可以以年代作主语,本句可译为“19 世纪后半叶目睹了交通工具的稳步改善”或“交通工具在 19世纪后半叶有了稳步改善”。如:This century has witnessed the steady growth of urban centers17.Im very keen of hearing,_?A. amnt I B. aint I C. arent I D. dont I(分数:2.00)A.B.C

41、. D.解析:解析 I am的附加疑问句一般用 arent I?而 aint I?是不规范的。18.I have heard both teachers and students _ well of him.A. to speak B. to have spokenC. spoken D. speak(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 hear 后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时省略 to。19.John is the only one of the students who _ to France.A. has been B. have been C. had been D. has

42、 being(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 定语从句中谓语动词的性数应与先行词的性数一致。解此题关键是要弄清先行词是 the only one还是 the students。20.The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real people.A. in which B. on whichC. when D. that(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 h

43、ours 虽然表示时间,但在从句中作宾语。21.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our work _, we declined the offer.A. was not finished B. has not been finishedC. did not finish D. not having been finished(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 our work not having been finished 我们的工作尚未完成,为分词独立结构作状语,表示原因。注意:否定的分词

44、短语中的否定词 not必须放在整个分词短语的最前面而不能放在其后,如只能说 not having been finished,而不能说 having not been finished。22.We _ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hoped B. had hopedC. would hope D. should hope(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 be,intend,mean,plan,want,hope 等动词的过去完成时加动词不定式表示过去想做而没有做的事。23.Had

45、 I known her name, I _.A. would invite her to lunch. B. would have invited her to lunchC. invited her to lunch D. could invite her to lunch(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 本句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,条件句中省略了 if,had 提到主语前面,形成倒装,主句谓语形式是 would have+过去分词。24.The speaker, _ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by

46、the audience.A. having known B. being knownC. knowing D. known(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 过去分词短语作定语,相当于一个定语从句,等同于 who is known for。25._ to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.A. Turned B. Turning C. To turn D. Being turned(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 现在分词短语作条件状语。26.Anyone with half an eye

47、on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _ just around the corner was untrue.A. was B. being C. would be D. to be(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 这里的 about后面跟一个“名词+动词-ing”结构,the assertion about eco-nomic recovery being around the corner经济很快就要复苏的断言。27.Electrical resistance i

48、s a common property of all materials, _.A. only differs in degree B. only in degree it differsC. differing only in degree D. and differing in degree only(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 现在分词短语作让步状语,全句意思为:电阻是所有物质的共性,只是存在大小差异罢了。28._ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $ 21000.A. Judged the best B. To be judged the bestC. Jud

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