API RP 1110-2013 Recommended Practice for the Pressure Testing of Steel Pipelines for the Transportation of Gas Petroleum Gas Hazardous Liquids Highly Volatile Liquids or Carbon Di.pdf

1、Recommended Practice for the Pressure Testing of Steel Pipelines for the Transportation of Gas, Petroleum Gas, Hazardous Liquids, Highly Volatile Liquids, or Carbon DioxideAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1110 SIXTH EDITION, FEBRUARY 2013Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a genera

2、l nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the

3、 accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other ass

4、ignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no rep

5、resentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are p

6、ublished to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API p

7、ublications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does

8、not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation. Users of this Recommended Practice should consult with the appropriate

9、 authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this Recommended Practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein. All rights reserved. No part of th

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11、5.Copyright 2013 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in

12、the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised

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16、ertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washing

17、ton, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Pressure Test Planning Process .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 Guidelines for Planning a Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.2 Pressure Test Medium . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.3 Pressure Test Equipment and Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.4 Location and Us

22、e of Test Measuring Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Pressure Test Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.1 General . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.2 Qualification of Contractor and Operator Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.3 Lin

24、e Fill and Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.4 Initial Pressurization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、 . . . . . . . . . . . 175.5 The Test Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.6 Pressure Test Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.7 Searching for Leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.8 Pressure Test Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.9 Depressurization, Displacement, and Disposal of the Test Medium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215.10 Drying Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Pressure Test Records and Drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.2 Pressure Test Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.3 Pressure Test Drawings . . . . . . . . . .

30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figures1 I

31、mpact of Test Pressure on Margin of Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 PressureVolume Plot with Residual Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17vIntroducti

32、onThis recommended practice (RP) provides guidelines for pressure testing steel pipelines for the transportation of gas, petroleum gas, hazardous liquids, highly volatile liquids, or carbon dioxide. The RP provides guidance so that:a) pipeline operators can select a pressure test suitable for the co

33、nditions under which the test will be conductedthis includes, but is not limited to, pipeline material characteristics, pipeline operating conditions, and various types of anomalies or other risk factors that may be present;b) pressure tests are planned in order to meet the overall objectives of the

34、 pressure test;c) site-specific procedures are developed and followed during all phases of the pressure testing process;d) pressure tests consider both personnel safety and environmental impacts;e) pressure tests are implemented by qualified personnel;f) pressure tests are conducted in order to meet

35、 stated acceptance criteria and pressure test objectives;g) pressure test records are developed, completed, and retained for the useful life of the facility.Users of this RP should be aware that further or differing requirements may be necessary for some applications. Nothing in this RP is intended

36、to inhibit the use of engineering solutions that are not covered by the RP. This may be particularly applicable where there is innovative developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, the RP may be used, provided any and all variations from the RP are identified and documented.The guiding

37、principles of this RP as as follows.a) This RP provides a consistent means of preparing, assessing, using, and verifying pressure test results in order to help insure that the objectives of the pressure test are met. It also provides guidance for meeting the requirements of Integrity Management as s

38、tated in API 1160 and ASME B31.8S. b) This RP is not technology specific. It accommodates present and future technologies used for pressure testing steel pipelines.c) This RP is performance-based and provides guidelines for the qualification of the pressure testing processes. It does not, however, d

39、efine how to meet those guidelines.d) This RP provides guidelines for documenting important information during each phase of the pressure testing process.e) Wherever possible, this RP utilizes existing terms and definitions from other applicable industry documents. Definitions of terms used in this

40、RP are listed in Section 3.f) The use of a pressure testing process to manage the integrity of pipelines requires an appropriate amount of interaction between the provider of the inspection service (service provider), if one is used, and the beneficiary of the service (operator). This RP provides gu

41、idelines that will enable service providers and operators to clearly define the areas of cooperation required and thus facilitate the satisfactory outcome of the pressure testing process. Although many operators use service providers during various phases of the pressure testing process, it is impor

42、tant to note that the operator is ultimately responsible for:a) identifying specific risks (threats) to be assessed as part of the pressure testing process,b) choosing the proper pressure test in order to assess identified risks (threats), andc) confirming and verifying pressure test results.vi1Reco

43、mmended Practice for the Pressure Testing of Steel Pipelinesfor the Transportation of Gas, Petroleum Gas, Hazardous Liquids, Highly Volatile Liquids or Carbon Dioxide1 ScopeThis RP applies to all parts of a pipeline or pipeline facility including line pipe, pump station piping, terminal piping, comp

44、ressor station piping, metering station piping, delivery station piping, regulator station piping, appurtenances connected to line pipe, appurtenances connected to facility piping, fabricated assemblies, valves, tees, elbows, reducers, flanges, and any other pipeline equipment or appurtenances.This

45、RP does not apply to pumping units, compressor units, breakout tanks, pressure vessels, control piping, sample piping, instrument piping/tubing, or any component or piping system for which other codes specify pressure testing requirements (i.e. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, piping systems co

46、vered by building codes, etc.).Although this RP contains guidelines that are based on sound engineering judgment, it is important to note that certain governmental requirements may differ from the guidelines presented in this document. This RP does not address piping systems that are pressure tested

47、 with natural gas, nitrogen, or air. 2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)

48、 applies.API Standard 1160, Managing System Integrity for Hazardous Liquid PipelinesASME B31.4 1, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other LiquidsASME B31.8:2007, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsASME B31.8S, Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines3 Terms,

49、Definitions, and Abbreviations3.1 Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.3.1.1 anomalyA deviation from the norm in pipe material, coatings, or welds.3.1.2 appurtenanceA component attached to the pipeline (e.g. valve, tee, instrument connection, supports, anchors, etc.).3.1.3 bendA physical configuration that changes pipeline direction.1ASME International, 3 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016-5990, www.asme.org.2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11103.1.4 carbon dioxideA fluid consisting of more than 90 % carbon dioxide molecules compressed to