ANSI TIA-1194-2011 Telecommunications User Premises Equipment Surge Resistibility of Smart Grid Equipment Connected to either DC or 120 240 V Single Phase AC and Metallic Communica.pdf

1、 TIA-1194 November 2011Telecommunications User Premises Equipment Surge Resistibility of Smart Grid Equipment Connected to either DC or 120/240 V Single Phase AC and Metallic Communication Lines ANSI/TIA-1194-2011 APPROVED: NOVEMBER 18, 2011 REAFFIRMED: FEBRUARY 2, 2017 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standa

2、rds and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for the

3、ir particular need. The existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude the

4、ir voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domestically or internationally. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any

5、obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health pract

6、ices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. Any use of trademarks in this document are for information purposes and do not constitute an endorsement by TIA or this committee of the products or services of the company. (From Project No. SP-3-0402-RF1, formulated

7、under the cognizance of the formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-41 User Premises Telecommunications Requirements, TR-41.3 Subcommittee on Analog and Digital Wireline Terminals). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology and Standards Department 1320 N. Courthouse Road

8、, Suite 200 Arlington, VA 22201 U.S.A. PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of TIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION STANDARDS AND ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS or call IHS, USA and Canada (1-877-413-5187) International (303-397-2896) or search online at http:/www.tiaonline.org/standards/catalog/

9、 All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT This document is copyrighted by the TIA. Reproduction of these documents either in hard copy or soft copy (including posting on the web) is prohibited without copyright permission. For copyright permission to reproduce portions of this docum

10、ent, please contact the TIA Standards Department or go to the TIA website (www.tiaonline.org) for details on how to request permission. Details are located at: http:/www.tiaonline.org/standards/catalog/info.cfm#copyright or Telecommunications Industry Association Technology (b) there is no assurance

11、 that the Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectu

12、al property rights (“IPR”), including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder t

13、hereof is requested, all in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead

14、 left to the parties involved, nor will TIA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its c

15、ontents. If the Document contains one or more Normative References to a document published by another organization (“other SSO”) engaged in the formulation, development or publication of standards (whether designated as a standard, specification, recommendation or otherwise), whether such reference

16、consists of mandatory, alternate or optional elements (as defined in the TIA Procedures for American National Standards) then (i) TIA disclaims any duty or obligation to search or investigate the records of any other SSO for IPR or letters of assurance relating to any such Normative Reference; (ii)

17、TIAs policy of encouragement of voluntary disclosure (see TIA Procedures for American National Standards Annex C.1.2.3) of Essential Patent(s) and published pending patent applications shall apply; and (iii) Information as to claims of IPR in the records or publications of the other SSO shall not co

18、nstitute identification to TIA of a claim of Essential Patent(s) or published pending patent applications. TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or services or any claims of complia

19、nce with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY

20、THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFECTS OF THE CONTEN

21、TS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED OR RENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL INDIRECT,

22、SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

23、 THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TIA-1194 i Table of Contents 1. Overview . 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Contents and context . 1 2. Normative References . 1

24、3. Definitions . 2 4. Surge environment and rationale for tests . 2 4.1 Case 1: Same local area but separate grounds 4 4.2 Case 2: The signal lines terminate at a remote site. . 5 5. Tests for ports with separate local grounds . 5 5.1 Rationale 5 5.2 Purpose 6 5.3 Test setup and procedure . 6 5.3.1

25、Bond Impedance 6 5.3.2 Robustness of Communications Ports to Power Line Surges 8 5.3.3 Robustness of One Communications Port to Surges on another Communications Port . 9 6. Signal lines that terminate at a remote site 11 6.1 Rationale 11 6.2 Purpose 11 6.3 Test setup and procedure . 12 6.3.1 Test Pr

26、ocedure 12 6.3.2 Compliance Criteria . 12 Annex A (Informative) - Bibliography 13 TIA-1194 ii Table of Figures Figure 1 A possible home network. The Figure shows only the connections to the communications line, and not to the AC power. 3 Figure 2 Equipment (a TV set-top box, in this example) with tw

27、o ground reference points connected with a relatively long wire, shown here as the coax sheath ground bond. . 4 Figure 3 Lightning striking site A drives a current IL through the impedance of the ground, Zga, creating a ground potential rise GPR. “PROT” is the protection circuits . 5 Figure 4 Generi

28、c equipment with AC or DC power and various communications inputs. Test set-up to verify a common service ground connection . 7 Figure 5 Generic equipment with AC or DC power and various communications inputs. Test set-up to verify robustness to a power port surge . 9 Figure 6 Generic equipment with

29、 AC or DC power and various communications inputs. Test set-up to verify robustness of one communications port to surges on another communications port . 10 Figure 7 Effect of a lightning strike on equipment with a communications line connected to a remote ground 11 Figure 8 Test setup for testing r

30、obustness of equipment with a remote ground reference to a local GPR . 12 TIA-1194 iii FOREWORD (This foreword is not a part of this Standard.) Installation practices can lead to safety issues and damage to equipment at buildings where the equipment has connections to both a smart grid power source

31、and to the home network. In this configuration the equipment is vulnerable during a lightning storm. This vulnerability occurs because the earth grounds of these services can be different; for example a smart meter having an AC power ground at the service entrance at one side of a house, and a phone

32、 line connection transiently grounded via a surge protector at the opposite side. Consider that smart grid equipment can either use power (e.g. appliances, computers, and entertainment systems) or generate power (e.g. photovoltaic or wind power systems). Smart grid equipment that uses power generall

33、y gets it from the AC mains, and has a connection to a communications service to monitor how the equipment is using the power it receives. Smart grid equipment that generates power often connects to communications systems for monitoring and control. In either case the earth grounds of these services

34、 can be different. When multiple grounds exist, the impedance between them can be significant. For example, grounds are often provided by ground rods, and the impedance between the ground rods can be 100 ohms or more. Even if the ground rods are bonded together with a wire, the inductance of the wir

35、e can have significant surge impedance. A lightning strike can occur either to or near one of the services. If it occurs to the service, and the service has a surge protector, the protector will operate and shunt the lightning current to ground. If it occurs near the service, the lightning strike wi

36、ll inject a current into the ground. In either case the lightning strike can cause a current of several thousand amperes to flow either through the ground impedance, or the ground bond wire (if present), or both. In a structure having more than one ground point, a lightning current flowing through t

37、he ground impedance between the ground points may generate a potential difference of several thousand volts. If the two ground points are connected by a wire, the lightning current flowing through the wire can generate several thousand volts, due to the inductance of the wire and the high di/dt of t

38、he lightning current. Either one of these conditions can result in a high potential difference inside an equipment that has a ground reference in each of these two separate places. This high potential difference can result in damage to the equipment, and a possible safety hazard. There is 1 annex, w

39、hich is informative and not considered part of this Standard. This Standard was produced by Subcommittee TR-41.7, Environmental and Safety Considerations, of Engineering Committee TR-41, User Premises Telecommunication Requirements. It was developed in accordance with TIA procedural guidelines and r

40、epresents the consensus position of the Subcommittee, which served as its formulating group. It also received the concurrence of TR-41. TIA-1194 iv The leadership of the TR-41.7 Environmental and Safety Considerations Subcommittee (Chair Randy Ivans, Underwriters Laboratories) acknowledges the writt

41、en contributions provided by the following individuals in the development of this Standard. Organization Representative TIA-1194 Tyco Electronics Al Martin Editor VTech Steve Whitesell Littelfuse Inc. Phillip Havens Suggestions for improvement of this standard are welcome. They may be sent to: Telec

42、ommunications Industry Association Engineering Department Suite 300 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22201 TIA-1194 1 1. OVERVIEW 1.1 SCOPE This Standard applies to premises equipment that is connected to one or more metallic conductive communication line(s) and either a DC power source, or a 120

43、/240 V single phase AC power service with the neutral grounded at the service entrance. It specifies the test procedures and resistibility requirements under which the communications ports of the equipment shall continue to demonstrate basic functionality when subjected to overvoltages and overcurre

44、nts on either the power lines or the communications line(s). Overvoltages or overcurrents covered by this Standard include surges due to lightning on or near the power lines or telecommunications line(s). This Standard covers the case where two or more services connected to the equipment have ground

45、 connections that may be separated by significant impedance. 1.2 PURPOSE Most standards for the resistibility of equipment to electrical surges assume that a zero (or very low) impedance exists among all the grounds in the equipment, or among the connections to separate earth grounds. For equipment

46、installed in the smart grid (or indeed, anywhere), the impedance of the ground connections may be significant. The purpose of this standard is to provide tests and performance criteria for the resistibility to lightning strikes of equipment connected to two or more services having at least one groun

47、d connection separated from the others by a significant impedance. Examples of equipment with services having separate grounds include a smart grid power meter that is connected to the AC power at one side of a building and a communications service at the opposite side or a roof-mounted photovoltaic

48、 system with a communications link to the smart grid (see Figure 1). 1.3 CONTENTS AND CONTEXT This Standard is divided into 6 clauses. Clause 1 provides the scope and purpose of this standard. Clause 2 lists references to other standards that are needed or useful in applying this standard. Clause 3

49、provides definitions that are either not found in other standards, or have been modified for use with this standard. Clause 4 provides a description of the surge environment for equipment with multiple services, at least two of which have grounds separated by a significant impedance, and the rationale for the tests for survivability in this environment. Clause 5 provides test procedures for testing resistibility of equipment to lightning surges when the equipment has separate grounds in the same local area. Clause 6 provides test procedures for testing resistibility of equip