ASTM A753-2002 Standard Specification for Wrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS K94490 K94840 N14076 N14080)《煅制镍铁软磁合金标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 753 02Standard Specification forWrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS K94490,K94840, N14076, N14080)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 753; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,

2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers commonly used wroughtnickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced or supplied expr

3、esslyfor use in magnetic cores and other parts requiring highmagnetic permeability, high electrical resistivity, low coercivefield strength, and low core loss.1.2 This specification covers materials supplied by a pro-ducer or converter to the form and physical condition desiredfor fabrication into p

4、arts that will later be given a final heattreatment to achieve the desired magnetic characteristics. Itcovers materials supplied in the form of forging billet; hot-rolled plate, strip, and bar; cold-finished bar; cold-rolled andannealed sheet and strip; shaped bar and wire; and wire.1.2.1 This speci

5、fication does not cover either powder met-allurgically produced or cast parts.1.2.2 This specification lists requirements for strip productshaving isotropic or semi-isotropic magnetic properties but doesnot include requirements for anisotropic or square hysteresisloop alloys or alloys processed to y

6、ield flattened hysteresisloops by use of heat treatments in an applied magnetic field.1.2.3 This specification does not cover alloys modified bythe addition of elements such as sulfur and selenium to enhancemachinability.1.3 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be reg

7、arded as standard. The values givenin parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units whichare provided for information only and are not consideredstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 34/A 34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Test-ing of Magnetic Materials2A 340 Terminology

8、 of Symbols and Definitions Relating toMagnetic Testing2A 341/A 341M Test Method for Direct Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using dc Permeameters and theBallistic Test Methods2A 343 Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Prop-erties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Amm

9、eter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein TestFrame2A 480/M 480M Specification for General Requirements forFlat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,Sheet, and Strip3A 484/A 484M Specification for General Requirements forStainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars and Shapes, Car-bon, Rolled fr

10、om “T” Rails3A 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods3A 596/A 596M Test Method for Direct-Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method andRing Specimens2A 772 Test Method for ac Magnetic Permeability of Mate-rials Using Sinusoida

11、l Current2A 773/A 773M Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties ofMaterials Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures withdc Electronic Hysteresigraphs2E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)4E 1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Ni

12、ckel, andCobalt Alloys53. Terminology3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification aredefined in Terminology A 340.4. Classification4.1 Four specific alloy types are covered:Alloy Type UNS NumberANominal Range of Nickel, %B1 K94490 43.5 to 46.52 K94840 47.0 to 49.03 N14076 75.0 to 78.04 N1408

13、0 79.0 to 82.0AUNS refers to the Unified Numbering System, an alloy identification systemsupported by ASTM. Refer to Practice E 527 for details.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 onMagnetic Properties, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 onMateria

14、l Specifications.Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originallypublished as A 753-78. Last previous edition A 753 - 97.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Stand

15、ards, Vol 03.05.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.BAlloy Types 3 and 4 have additions of molybdenum, copper, and chromium toimprove magnetic performance.4.2 Alloy Type 2 in thin-strip form (thickness less than orequal t

16、o 0.0200 in. (0.508 mm) is available in two differentgrades. Grade 1 is semi-isotropic and is recommended for usein transformer laminations. Grade 2 is isotropic and is recom-mended for use in rotating machinery laminations. Thesegrades are the result of different mill processing (that is,cold-rolli

17、ng and annealing) practices and cannot be created bychanges in the final heat treatment given to the laminations.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material conforming to this specificationshall include the following information:5.1.1 Reference to this specification and year of issue orrevision.5

18、.1.2 Alloy type (Section 6) and grade where appropriate.5.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 11).5.1.4 Quantity (weight or number of pieces as appropriate).5.1.5 Form and condition (Section 7).5.1.6 Magnetic property requirements if they are other thanthose listed in this specification.5.1.7 Cer

19、tification of chemical analysis and magnetic qual-ity evaluation.5.1.8 Marking and packaging requirements.5.1.9 End UseWhenever possible, the user should specifywhether the material will be machined, blanked into flat pieces,blanked and formed, deep drawn to shape, wound into a core,punched into lam

20、inations, or photo-etched. This will help theproducer to provide the most suitable material for the usersfabricating practices.5.1.10 Exceptions to this specification or special require-ments such as mechanical property requirements.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The alloys shall conform to the requirem

21、ents prescribedin Table 1. Since magnetic performance is paramount, analysisvariations are permitted by mutual agreement between the userand producer.6.2 Determination of metallic constituents and phosphorusshall be by a method(s) acceptable to both producer and user.Analysis of carbon and sulfur sh

22、all be done in accordance withTest Methods E 1019.7. Form and Condition7.1 These materials are capable of being produced in a widevariety of forms and conditions suitable for further manufac-ture into specific magnetic articles. The desired form andcondition shall be specified and should be discusse

23、d with theproducer before ordering to assure receiving the appropriateproduct. Available forms and conditions are:7.1.1 Forging BilletHot worked; hot worked with sur-faces prepared by grinding.7.1.2 Hot-Rolled Plate, Strip, and BarHot-rolled; hot-rolled and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and annealed; hot

24、-rolled,annealed, and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and mechanicallycleaned; mechanical properties as specified.7.1.3 Cold-Finished BarsCold-drawn; cold-drawn andcenterless ground; cold-drawn and annealed to specified me-chanical properties.7.1.4 Cold-Rolled Sheet and StripCold-rolled; deep drawquality;

25、cold-rolled and annealed to specified mechanicalproperties.7.1.5 WireCold-drawn; cold-drawn and annealed to speci-fied mechanical properties.7.1.6 Shaped Bar and WireCold-worked; cold-workedand annealed to specified mechanical properties.8. Magnetic Property RequirementsGeneralRequirements8.1 Test M

26、ethodsBecause of the extremely high magneticpermeabilities developed in these alloys after heat treatment,the use of permeameters (Test Method A 341/A 341M) isexpressly forbidden. Allowable test methods are those usingring-type specimens.8.2 Test SpecimenWhenever possible, test specimen sizeand shap

27、e shall conform to those listed in Practice A 34/A 34M. Specimen shapes such as stacked laminations, solidrings, and spirally wound tape and wire cores are necessary forthe most accurate results. If, however, the product form ordimensions precludes the use of a preferred test specimen, thespecimen s

28、hape and size shall be mutually agreed uponbetween the producer and user.8.3 DensityThe assumed densities of these materials forpurposes of magnetic testing shall be as follows:Assumed DensityAlloy Type UNS No. g/cm3(kg/m3)1 K94490 8.17 81702 K94840 8.25 82503 N14076 8.58 85804 (4 % Mo) N14080 8.74

29、87404 (5 % Mo) N14080 8.77 87708.4 Heat TreatmentThe heat treatment applied to the testspecimen shall be mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. If no such agreement exists, the heat treatmentapplied to the test specimen shall be chosen by the producer toexceed the magnetic property requi

30、rements listed in Tables 2and 3 of this specification. Refer to Appendix X2 for informa-tion on heat treatment of these alloys.9. dc Magnetic Property Requirements9.1 dc magnetic testing shall be the only magnetic testmethods used for all product forms and sizes other than thinTABLE 1 Chemical Requi

31、rements (Weight Percent)Alloy 1 Alloy 2 Alloy 3 Alloy 4UNS K94490 UNS K94840 UNS N14076 UNS N14080Carbon, max. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Manganese, max. 0.80 0.80 1.5 0.80Silicon, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Phosphorus, max. 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02Sulfur, max. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Chromium 0.30 max. 0.30 max. 2.0-3.

32、0 0.30 max.Nickel 43.5-46.5 47.0-49.0 75.0-78.0 79.0-82.0Molybdenum 0.30 max. 0.30 max. 0.50 max. 3.5-6.0Cobalt, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Copper 0.30 max. 0.30 max. 4.0-6.0 0.30 max.IronAbalance balance balance balanceAIron is the balance by difference. Quantitative analysis of this element is notreq

33、uired.A753022strip and sheet. Thin sheet and strip is defined as flat-rolledproduct having a thickness of 0.0200 in. (0.508 mm) or less.9.2 Testing shall be conducted using either Test MethodA 596/A 596M or Test Method A 773/A 773M.9.3 The dc magnetic property requirements after appropriateheat trea

34、tment are shown in Table 2. The symbol d refers to theminimum dimension such as thickness or diameter.10. ac Magnetic Property Requirements (Thin Sheet andStrip Only)10.1 ac magnetic testing shall be used for all strip and sheetwith a thickness of 0.0200 in. (0.508 mm) or less.10.2 Testing shall con

35、sist of impedance permeability mea-surement and shall be conducted using Test Method A 772.10.3 The ac magnetic property requirements after appropri-ate heat treatment are shown in Table 3.10.3.1 For thicknesses not listed, the requirements shall bedetermined by linear interpolation of data shown in

36、 Table 3.10.3.2 For thicknesses outside the ranges shown in Table 3,the ac magnetic property requirements shall be as mutuallyagreed between the producer and user.11. Typical Physical and Mechanical Properties11.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listed inAppendix X1.12. Dimensions and

37、 Tolerances12.1 Dimensions and tolerances for all product forms andsizes shall be as mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. In lieu of such agreement, the tolerances listed in thelatest issue of the following specifications shall apply.12.1.1 Bars and BilletsSpecification A 484/A 484M.TA

38、BLE 2 dc Magnetic Property RequirementsNOTE 1The coercive field strength for Alloy Types 1 and 2 is determined from a maximum induction of 10 kG (1.0 T), while for Alloy Types 3 and4 the coercive field strength is determined from a maximum induction of 5 kG (0.5 T).Product Form and Size Magnetic Pro

39、pertyAlloyType 1UNSK94490AlloyType 2UNSK94840AlloyType 3UNSN14076AlloyType 4UNSN14080Billet (all sizes)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild 0.500 in. (12.7 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(14 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min4 500 6 000 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeabili

40、ty, min35 000 50 000 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.075(6.0).0.025(2.0)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild # 0.500 in.(12.7 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min5 000 7 500 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeabilit

41、y, min40 000 60 000 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.0)Sheet and Strip0.0600 # d # 0.187 in.(1.52 # d # 4.75 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min6 000 8 000 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPerme

42、ability, min50 000 90 000 . . . 200 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.01)Sheet and Strip0.0200 d 0.0700 in.(0.508 d 1.52 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 g(4 mT), min. . . . . . 50 000 50 000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min7 500 9 000 65 000 65 000(Relati

43、ve) MaximumPermeability, min55 000 100 000 230 000 230 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m), max.0.070(5.6)0.060(4.8)0.015(1.2)0.015(1.2)A75302312.1.2 Plate, Sheet, and StripSpecification A 480/A 480M.12.1.3 Wire and Wire RodSpecification A 555/A 555M.13. Rejection and Rehearing13.1 Material that fai

44、ls to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfac-tion with the results of the test, the producer may make claimfor a rehearing.14. Certification14.1 When specified in the purchase order

45、 or contract, theuser shall be furnished certification that samples representingeach lot have been either tested or inspected as directed in thisspecification and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the testresults shall be furnished to the us

46、er from the producer.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between theproducer and user.15.2 Material furnished under this specification shall beidentified by the name or symbol of the producer, alloy type,grade where appropriate, heat number, and product size

47、. Eachheat supplied on an order must be identified and packagedseparately.16. Keywords16.1 bar; billet; nickel-iron; permeability; plate; sheet; strip;wireAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TYPICAL PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIESX1.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listedin Ta

48、bles X1.1-X1.3, respectively. These properties are pro-vided for information only and are not subject to measurementand certification on an order.TABLE 3 60Hz ac Magnetic Property RequirementsNOTE 1Alloy Type 2 Grade 1 is not normally produced in thicknessgreater than 0.014 in. (0.35 mm).Alloy Typea

49、nd GradeThicknessin. (mm)Minimum (Relative) Impedance Permeability (z)at the Peak Flux Density of:40 G(4 mT)200 G(20 mT)2000 G(200 mT)4000 G(400 mT)8000 G(800 mT)Type 2UNSK94840Grade 10.014(0.35)10 500 15 000 32 000. .0.010(0.25)11 000 17 000 40 000. .0.006(0.15)12 000 18 000 44 000 . . . . . .Type 2UNSK94840Grade 20.020(0.50)5 000 6 000 15 000 17 000 . . .0.014(0.35)6 500 12 000 27 000 40 000 41 0000.010(0.25)7 000 13 000 32 000 42 000 50 0000.006(0.15)7 000 14 000 31 000 41 000 57 0000.004(0.010)4 000 7 000 30 000 41 000 55 0000.002(0.05)4 000 7 000 30 000 41 000 5