ImageVerifierCode 换一换
格式:PDF , 页数:3 ,大小:29.07KB ,
资源ID:533279      下载积分:5000 积分
快捷下载
登录下载
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
特别说明:
请自助下载,系统不会自动发送文件的哦; 如果您已付费,想二次下载,请登录后访问:我的下载记录
支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付 微信扫码支付   
注意:如需开发票,请勿充值!
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 

温馨提示:由于个人手机设置不同,如果发现不能下载,请复制以下地址【http://www.mydoc123.com/d-533279.html】到电脑端继续下载(重复下载不扣费)。

已注册用户请登录:
账号:
密码:
验证码:   换一换
  忘记密码?
三方登录: 微信登录  

下载须知

1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。
2: 试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。
3: 文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 本站仅提供交流平台,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

版权提示 | 免责声明

本文(ASTM E671-1998(2004) Standard Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus《在退火的玻璃实验室器皿中最大容许热残留应力》.pdf)为本站会员(赵齐羽)主动上传,麦多课文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文库(发送邮件至master@mydoc123.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

ASTM E671-1998(2004) Standard Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus《在退火的玻璃实验室器皿中最大容许热残留应力》.pdf

1、Designation: E 671 98 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Specification forMaximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in AnnealedGlass Laboratory Apparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 671; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 T

3、his specification covers a limit for thermal residualstress in reusable annealed glass laboratory apparatus asdetermined by prescribed photoelastic measurement proce-dures.1.2 In broad classification, the laboratory glassware itemscovered by this specification, but not limited to, are:beakers Imhoff

4、 conesbottles, aspirator impingersbottles, dropping jars, batterybottles, gas washing jars, bellbottles, infusion jars, chromatographybottles, milk test jars, cylindricalbottles, reagent joints, ball and socket or standard taperbottles, weighing manometersbulbs, absorption percolatorsbulbs, leveling

5、 pycnometersbulbs, sampling stopcocksburets tubes, centrifugecondensers tubes, chromatographycrystallizing dishes tubes, color comparison (turbidity)culture dishes tubes, combustion (ignition)custom apparatus tubes, connecting and adaptercylinders, graduated tubes, digestionand plain tubes, dryingde

6、siccators tubes, fermentationextraction tubes tubes, thistle (spray traps)flasks vapor trapsfritted ware viscometersfunnels watch glassesgenerators, Kippgrinder, tissue1.3 This specification recognizes that photoelastic measure-ments are proportional to the difference of the principalstresses. The l

7、imit imposed represents a safety factor to covera situation in which one of the principal stresses may be largerthan the apparent stress.1.4 This specification applies only to annealed glasswarethat is intended for sale as such. It excludes glassware that hasbeen thermally tempered, ion-exchanged, o

8、r laminated withglass layers of differing expansion. The intent of this specifi-cation is to limit the residual stresses for safe consumer use inannealed glass, as it leaves the manufacturer.1.5 Stresses introduced by thermal expansion differenceswithin the glassware are covered by this specificatio

9、n. Gradedand glass-to-metal seals are excluded.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of ReusableLaboratory GlasswareE 1273 Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Labo-ratory PipetsF 218 Test Method for Analyzing Stress in Glass3. Stress Limit3.1

10、 The stress as measured by the procedure in Section 4and calculated by Eq 2 shall not exceed 5.2 MPa (750 psi),except for combustion, centrifuge, and chromatography tubes,for which a limit of 4.5 MPa (650 psi) applies. Ware exceedingthese limits shall be rejected or reannealed to meet thespecificati

11、on.4. Measurement Procedure4.1 Using a Friedel (Senarmont) polarimeter as described inTest Method F 218, place the glass article to be measured in theviewing field in air. Examine every part of the article with adefinable light path (glass dimension) by rotating the analyzerto compensate for local s

12、tress birefringence. Document thosezones showing the higher values for the retardation or thick-ness ratios by recording analyzer angle, glass thickness (lightpath), and position in ware.4.2 In some orientations, such as sighting perpendicular tothe axis of a thin-walled cylinder, two glass paths mu

13、st beincluded in the measurement. If by rotating the cylinder, theretardation appears to be relatively constant, the measurement1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onApparatus.Current editi

14、on approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as E 671 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, r

15、efer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.is straightforward and the two walls define the light path. If theretardation is variable, the scheme shown in Fig. 1 is r

16、ecom-mended. If an adjacent region is found with low or constantretardation, or both, measure this retardation at normal inci-dence. Then use the recommended (slant) path shown whichincludes one wall of the adjacent region and one wall of theregion in question. The retardation that applies in this c

17、ase isthe slant path reading algebraically corrected by one half of thenormal incidence reading taken in the adjacent zone (Note 1).If an adjacent region meeting these criteria cannot be found,simply record the maximum retardation detected through bothwalls of the variable region at normal incidence

18、.NOTE 1If large angles (10) from normal are chosen or necessary,the increased path must be cosine corrected (see Fig. 1).4.3 Other systems of determining stress-optical retardationare acceptable provided that the technique selected meets thesensitivity of the Friedel polarimeter, which has a least c

19、ount ofapproximately 3 nm (1 analyzer rotation).4.4 For batch or continuous processes, testing and reportingmay be done by statistical sampling.5. Calculation of Stress5.1 Retardation/PathThe retardation per unit path, R, asdetermined with the Friedel polarimeter is given by:R5FAt(1)where:A = angula

20、r rotation of analyzer, degree,R = retardation per unit path, nm/cm,F = conversion factor: 3.15 nm/degree for white light;l/180 for monochromatic light where l is the wave-length of peak intensity, nm, andt = light path (glass thickness) for the particular viewingdirection, cm.FIG. 1 Scheme for Meas

21、uring Retardation in Cylinder with Circumferentially Variable RetardationE 671 98 (2004)25.2 Stress CalculationThe stress is determined by thefollowing equations5RK(2)where:s = stress, MPa, andK = stress-optical constant of the glass (Note 2), nm/cm MPa.NOTE 2The appropriate value for the glass in q

22、uestion can besupplied by the glass manufacturer.6. Report6.1 Report the following information:6.1.1 Identification of article, type of glass,6.1.2 Manufacturing source and date,6.1.3 System for optical retardation measurement,6.1.4 Sketch of article with key measurement points,6.1.5 Table of data,

23、coding measuring points and givinganalyzer readings, light path, statistical analyses, special con-siderations, such as slant path corrections in cylinders, andcalculated stress,6.1.6 Stress-optical constant used, and6.1.7 Date of test and name of operator.7. Sampling and Testing7.1 For sampling and

24、 testing, refer to Specification E 1157.8. Keywords8.1 annealed glass; residual; stressASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of

25、the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Y

26、our comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your commen

27、ts have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E 671 98 (2004)3

copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1