ASTM F2613-2016 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Childrens Chairs and Stools《儿童椅子和凳子的标准消费者安全规格》.pdf

1、Designation: F2613 14F2613 16Standard Consumer Safety Specification forChildrens Chairs and Stools1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2613; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with childrens chairs and stoolsthat were identified by the U.S.

3、Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Incidents identifiedby the CPSC and addressed in this standard involve lacerations, fractures, pinches and amputations ofchildrens fingers in folding mechanisms. This specification also addresses structural integrity andlabeling for the product. This specif

4、ication is not intended to cover childrens chairs and stools that areeither blatantly misused or abused. This specification is written within current state-of-the-artchildrens chairs and stools and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes availablethat necessitates additional req

5、uirements or justifies revision of existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes testing requirements for structural integrity and performance requirements forchildrens chairs and stools. It also provides requirements for labeling. The standard does not apply to pr

6、oducts used in acommercial setting or to products that do not have a rigid frame such as bean bag chairs or foam chairs. This standard does notapply to seats with restraint systems. The term unit or product will refer to a childs chair or stool.1.2 This specification covers a chair or stool intended

7、 to be used by a single child who can get in and get out of the productunassisted and with a seat height 15 in. or less, with or without a rocking base.1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means,indicate compliance with

8、 this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after alltesting.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only

9、 and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitatio

10、ns prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestF404 Consumer Safety Specification for High ChairsF406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play YardsF963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF1561 Performa

11、nce Requirements for Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use2.2 Federal Regulations:316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Definition of “Flammable Solid”1 This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of

12、ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.59on Childrens Folding Chairs.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014May 1, 2016. Published October 2014May 2016. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asF2613 13.F2613 14. DO

13、I: 10.1520/F2613-14.10.1520/F2613-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from U.S. Go

14、vernment Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous

15、 version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Intern

16、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States116 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point In Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Shar

17、p Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended forUse By Children Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By Children Under Three Years of Age WhichPresent Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts3. Termino

18、logy3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 chairs with side containmenta childrens chair or folding chair with armrests or otherwise designed in a shape whichprovides barriers in the vertical direction above the seating surface to the occupants left and right which can act like arm

19、s or otherside structures.3.1.2 childrens chair, nseating furniture with a rigid frame that is intended to be used as a support for the body, limbs, or feetof a child when sitting or resting in an upright or reclining position.3.1.3 childrens stool, nchildrens chair without back or armrests.3.1.4 co

20、nspicuous, adjdescribes a label that is visible, when the unit is in a manufacturers recommended use position, to aperson standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visible from all positions.3.1.5 folding chair, folding stool, na childrens chair or stool which ca

21、n be folded for transport or storage.3.1.6 manufacturers recommended use position, nany position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive orinstructional literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable configuration for use of the product. This specifically excludespositions that th

22、e manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.3.1.7 non-paper label, nlabel material (such as plastic or metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears leavinga sharply defined edge or labels made from fabric.3.1.8 occupant

23、, nthat individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturers recommended use positions.3.1.9 paper label, nany label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.10 rigid frame, nconstructed with a frame of rigida structure or support of stiff mater

24、ials such as wood, plastic, or metal.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with 18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover, unlesstest instructs differently.4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in acc

25、ordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temper

26、ature range.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit unless otherwise specified.5. General Requirements5.1 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters.5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 C

27、FR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testingto this specification.5.3 There shall be no small parts, as defined by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordancewith this specification.5.4 The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1

28、303.5.5 There shall be no flammable solids as defined in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with thisspecification.5.6 Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meetapplicable requirements of Consumer

29、 Safety Specification F963.5.7 Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching (for folding chairs and folding stools only)A product, when folded, when beingunfolded, or when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to theoccupant from any scissoring, shea

30、ring, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point,slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not bepermissible when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe that is greater th

31、an 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.F2613 1625.7.1 Products with locking mechanisms that meet the requirements of 5.8.3, to prevent folding and unfolding by a child, shallonly be evaluated in the manufa

32、cturers recommended use position.5.8 Folding Mechanisms and Hinges (for folding chairs and folding stools only)These requirements are intended to eliminatepossible crushing, laceration, or pinching hazards that might occur in folding mechanisms and hinges. Examples are the suddencollapse or unexpect

33、ed motion of a folding mechanism or hinge that produces a scissor action; and the changing clearances at thehinge line between two hinged portions, such that the gap will admit fingers at one position of the hinge but not at all positions.5.8.1 Folding MechanismsProducts shall have a locking device

34、or other means to prevent unexpected or sudden movementor collapse of the product, or have adequate clearance to provide protection for the fingers, hands, and toes from crushing orlaceration in the event of sudden movement or collapse of the product.5.8.2 Locking devices and other means to prevent

35、unexpected or sudden movement or collapse of the product shall engageautomatically when the product is placed in any manufacturers recommended use position. Latches may be manually activatedto allow placement into the use position but must engage automatically when released. During and upon completi

36、on of the testingin 6.1, the unit shall remain in its recommended use position.5.8.3 If a unit is designed with a locking device:5.8.3.1 Each single action device shall require a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) to activate the release mechanism when testedin accordance with 6.2.5.8.3.2 Each double ac

37、tion locking device shall require either two consecutive actions, the first of which must be maintainedwhile the second is carried out, or two separate and independent single action locking mechanisms that must be activatedsimultaneously to fully release. There are no force requirements for locking

38、devices that are double action or are single action thatare activated simultaneously.5.8.4 Hinge Line ClearanceProducts having a gap or clearance along the hinge line between a stationary portion and amovable portion shall be so constructed that, if the accessible gap at the hinge line will admit a

39、316-in. (5-mm) diameter rod, itwill also admit a 12-in. (13-mm) diameter rod at all positions of the hinge.5.8.5 No product shall give the appearance of being in any manufacturers recommended use position unless the locking deviceis fully engaged.5.9 Circular Holes in Rigid MaterialsThis requirement

40、 is intended to prevent finger entrapment (which may cut off bloodcirculation) in accessible holes in sheet metal and other rigid materials (non-circular holes are believed to present no significanthazard of cutting off blood circulation in entrapped fingers). If an accessible, circular hole in any

41、rigid material less than 0.062 in.(1.58 mm) in thickness can admit a 14-in. (6-mm) diameter rod to a depth of 38 in. (10 mm) or greater, it shall also admit a 12-in.(13-mm) diameter rod. The product shall be evaluated in all manufacturers recommended use positions.5.9.1 RationaleBased on requirement

42、s for toys from Consumer Safety Specification F963, since the age range of childrenusing chairs and stools is similar to that for children using toys.5.10 Labeling:5.10.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.3.5.10.2 Warning statements appli

43、ed directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, and so forth shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.4.5.10.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 6.5.5.11 Protective ComponentsIf the child can g

44、rasp components between the thumb and forefinger or teeth (such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040-in.(1.00-mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall no

45、t be removed when tested inaccordance with 6.6.5.12 Strength RequirementsProducts shall be tested in accordance with 6.7, and shall not generate any sharp edges, sharpcorners, sharp points, or any scissoring, shearing or pinch points. The product shall remain functional upon completion of thetesting

46、. Some deformation of the product is permissible provided that the preceding requirements are met. These requirements shallapply to products with either rigid seating surfaces or sling-type flexible seating surfaces suspended from a frame (for example,directors chairs) regardless of whether the avai

47、lable seating width of the product is limited by a structure such as arm rests.5.13 StabilityAll products shall not tip over backwardbackwards when tested in accordance with 6.86.8.1 and 6.8.2. Chairswith Side Containment shall not tip over sideways when tested in accordance with 6.8.1 and 6.8.3. Ti

48、p over occurs when theproduct moves past equilibrium and begins to overturn.6. Test Methods6.1 Locking Mechanisms (for folding chairs and folding stools only):6.1.1 Erect the product in accordance with any manufacturers instructions.6.1.2 Secure the product so that the normal folding motion is not i

49、mpeded.6.1.3 Apply a force of 45 lbf (200 N) to the product in the direction normally associated with folding.Apply the force graduallyover a 5-s period and maintain for an additional 10 s before releasing the force.F2613 1636.1.4 Perform this procedure five times within a 2-min period.6.2 Locking Test Method (for folding chairs and folding stools only)With the product in each of the manufacturersrecommended use positions, gradually apply a force of 10 lbf (45 N) to the locking mechanism in the direction tending to unlocki