BS 4325-9-1992 Methods for analysis of oilseed residues - Preparation of test samples《油种残留物分析方法 第9部分 试样制备》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4325-9: 1992 ISO 5502:1992 Methods for Analysis of oilseed residues Part 9: Preparation of test samples UDC 633.85:620.11BS4325-9:1992 This BritishStandard, having been prepared under the directionof the Agriculture andFood Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe autho

2、rity of the Standards Board and comesintoeffect on 15December1992 BSI 12-1999 First published May 1984 Second edition December 1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AFC/2 Draft for comment 91/54690 DC ISBN 0 580 21509 1 Committees responsible for

3、this BritishStandard The preparation of this BritishStandard was entrusted by the Agriculture and Food Standards Policy Committee (AFC/-) to Technical Committee AFC/2, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Food Manufacturing Industries Research Association Department of Trade and

4、 Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) FOSFA International Grain and Feed Trade Association Institute of Biology International Association of Seed Crushers Intervention Board for Agricultural Produce Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union National Institute of A

5、gricultural Botany Natural Resources Institute Royal Society of Chemistry Seed Crushers and Oil Processors Association Tropical Growers Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS4325-9:1992 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National f

6、oreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Procedure 1 6 Correction factor 3 7 Storage of the test sample 3 Figure 1 Conical divider 2 Figure 2 Multiple-slot divider 2 List of references Inside back coverBS4325-9:1992 ii BSI 12-1999 National foreword This Part of BS4

7、325 has been prepared under the direction of the Agriculture and Food Standards Policy Committee. It is identical with ISO5502:1992 Oilseed residues Preparation of test samples published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and in the preparation of which the United Kingdom p

8、layed a full part. It supersedes BS4325:1984 which is withdrawn and from which it differs in that clause2, 5.4 and Figure 2 have been technically revised. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO565:1990, to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they a

9、re acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related BritishStandard to ISO565:1990 is BS410:1986. Test sieves conforming to BS410:1986 are technically equivalent to, and may be used in place of, those conforming to ISO565:1990. A British Standard does not purport to include all the ne

10、cessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding BritishStandard Normative ISO 771:1977 BS 43

11、25 Methods for analysis of oilseed residues Part 1:1978 Determination of moisture and volatile matter content (Technically equivalent) Informative ISO 5500:1986 BS 6606:1987 Methods for sampling oilseed residues (Identical) ISO 8892:1987 BS 4325 Methods for analysis of oilseed residues Part 10:1988

12、Determination of total residual hexane (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will b

13、e indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4325-9:1992 BSI 12-1999 1 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods for the preparation of test samples of oilseed residues by the reduction of laboratory samples. For the purposes of this International Standard, the term oil

14、seed residues includes meals, extractions, expeller cakes or slab cakes 1)resulting from the production of crude vegetable oils from oilseeds by pressure or solvent extraction. It does not include compounded products. NOTE 1The sampling of oilseed residues for the preparation of laboratory samples i

15、s described in ISO5500:1986, Oilseed residues Sampling. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subj

16、ect to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 565:1990, Tes

17、t sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings. ISO 771:1977, Oilseed residues Determination of moisture and volatile matter content. 3 Principle Grinding of the laboratory sample, with or without preliminary breaking, crushing, grinding or drying

18、. Division of the sample thus obtained by suitable means, taking care that the test sample, from which the test portion(s) will be taken, truly represents the totality of the laboratory sample. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Mechanical mill, easy to clean and allowing the oilseed residue to be ground, without heat

19、ing and without appreciable change in its oil and moisture and volatile matter contents, until it passes completely through a sieve of aperture size1,00mm or2,80mm (see5.1.3.1). 4.2 Crushing apparatus, if required, for example an iron pestle and mortar, or other means for breaking or crushing pieces

20、 of oilseed residues to a size suitable for introduction into the mechanical mill(4.1). 4.3 Sieves, of aperture sizes1,00mm and2,80mm, made from metal wire cloth, and complying with the requirements of ISO565. 4.4 Dividing apparatus, quartering apparatus, conical divider (see Figure 1), multiple-slo

21、t divider (seeFigure 2) or other dividing apparatus, which will ensure uniform distribution of the components of the laboratory sample in the test sample. 4.5 Sample container, suitable for protecting the test sample from change in composition, and of such a size that it will be almost completely fi

22、lled by the test sample. 5 Procedure Using the laboratory sample as received, proceed as follows. 5.1 Grinding (general case) With some mechanical mills, fine grinding may lead to a loss or gain of moisture and volatile matter, and allowance for this shall be made as indicated in clause6. Carry out

23、grinding as rapidly as possible, avoiding unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere. If necessary, first break or crush the pieces to a suitable size for grinding. Use the first twentieth of the laboratory sample to complete the cleaning of the mechanical mill(4.1) and to establish the fineness of grin

24、ding, and then discard it. It is essential that the samples are well mixed before each operation. 5.1.1 Fine samples 5.1.1.1 If the laboratory sample passes the1,00mm sieve(4.3) completely, mix it thoroughly. 5.1.1.2 Divide the mixture successively using appropriate dividing apparatus(4.4), or by qu

25、artering with the aid of a spatula25cm in length, until a sample of at least100g, and of suitable mass for all the determinations required, is obtained. 5.1.2 Coarse samples 5.1.2.1 If the laboratory sample does not pass the1,00mm sieve completely but passes the2,80mm sieve completely, mix it thorou

26、ghly. 5.1.2.2 Carefully grind a portion of at least100g and of suitable mass for all the determinations required, in the previously well-cleaned mechanical mill(4.1) until it passes the1,00mm sieve completely. 1) In this context, slab cakes are cakes of oilseed residues produced by hydraulic presses

27、, and have a typical mass of about10kg.BS4325-9:1992 2 BSI 12-1999 Figure 1 Conical divider Figure 2 Multiple-slot dividerBS4325-9:1992 BSI 12-1999 3 5.1.3 Very coarse samples 5.1.3.1 If the laboratory sample is very coarse, carefully grind it in the previously well-cleaned mechanical mill(4.1) unti

28、l it passes the2,80mm sieve completely. Mix it thoroughly. 5.1.3.2 Divide the ground laboratory sample successively by means of appropriate dividing apparatus(4.4) until a sample of not less than100g, and of suitable mass for all the determinations required, is obtained. Grind this sample in the pre

29、viously well-cleaned mechanical mill(4.1) until it passes the1,00mm sieve completely. 5.2 Grinding (special cases) 5.2.1 Moist samples Except for fine samples(5.1.1), if the laboratory sample is appreciably moist, or if, for any reason, the mixing and grinding operations are likely to result in a lo

30、ss or gain of moisture and volatile matter, take a sample for the determination of the moisture and volatile matter contents immediately after the preliminary mixing procedure described in5.1.2.1, or after the preliminary grinding procedure described in5.1.3.1. Determine the moisture and volatile ma

31、tter content by the method described in ISO771. Also determine the moisture and volatile matter content of the prepared test sample by the same method, so that the results of analyses may be corrected to relate to the sample in its original condition as regards moisture and volatile matter content (

32、see clause6). 5.2.2 Samples difficult to grind If the physical condition of the sample makes grinding difficult, take a sample for the determination of the moisture and volatile matter contents immediately after the preliminary mixing procedure described in5.1.2.1, or after the preliminary grinding

33、procedure described in5.1.3.1. Determine the moisture and volatile matter content by the method described in ISO771. Dry the sample until it can be ground with the iron pestle and mortar(4.2), or by other means, so that it passes the1,00mm sieve completely. Then determine the moisture and volatile m

34、atter content of the prepared test sample by the same method, so that the results of analyses may be corrected to relate to the sample in its original condition as regards moisture and volatile matter content (see clause6). 5.2.3 Samples for which there are special requirements 5.2.3.1 For determina

35、tions requiring special degrees of fineness of grinding (for example, determination of urease activity), further grinding may be necessary. In such cases, prepare a test sample as described in5.1, 5.2.1 or5.2.2, but having the required degree of fineness. 5.2.3.2 For the preparation of test samples

36、for the determination of residual extraction solvent content (volatile hydrocarbons), see ISO8892. 2) 6 Correction factor 6.1 General If the grinding or mixing operations are likely to result in a loss or gain of moisture and volatile matter, it is necessary to use a correction factor to relate the

37、results of analyses to the sample in its original condition as regards moisture and volatile matter content. 6.2 Calculation The correction factor C, expressed as a percentage by mass, is given by the equation 6.3 Use of the correction factor Multiply the results of analyses, expressed as percentage

38、s by mass, by the correction factor C. 7 Storage of the test sample Transfer the prepared test sample without delay to the sample container(4.5) and close it. 2) ISO 8892:1987, Oilseed residues Determination of total residual hexane. where U 0 is the moisture and volatile matter content, expressed a

39、s a percentage by mass, of the sample after the preliminary treatment described in5.1.2.1 or5.1.3.1; U 1 is the moisture and volatile matter content, expressed as a percentage by mass, of the prepared test sample. C 100%U 0 100%U 1 - =4 blankBS4325-9:1992 BSI 12-1999 List of references See national

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