CAN CSA-ISO IEC 10514-1-2000 Information Technology - Programming Languages - Part 1 Modula-2 Base Language.pdf

1、CSA INTERNATIONAL - -National Standard of Canada CAN/CSA-ISO/lEC 10514-1-00 (ISO/IEC 10514-1:1996) International Standard ISO/IEC 10514-1:1996 (first edition 1996-06-01) has been adopted without modification as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 10514-1-00, which has been approved as a National Standard o

2、f Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. ISBN 1-SS324-0S7-X March 2000 Information technology - Programming languages -Part 1: Modula-2, Base Language Technologies de I information - Langages de programmation Partie 7: Modula-2, langage de base Reference number ISO/lEe 10514-1:1996(E) The Canadi

3、an Standards Association, which operates under the name CSA International (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 1919 and accredited by the Standards Council of Canada to the National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, volu

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17、ded primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 70574-7 -00 Information technology - Programming languages -Part 7: Modula-2, Base Language

18、CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 10514-1-00 Infonnation technology -Progralnlning languages - Part 1: Modula-2, Base Language CSA Preface Standards development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with international standards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technolog

19、y (fClT), Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committee (CAC) on ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 on Information Technology (lSO/IEC JTC1) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the ISO member body for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the lEe. Also, as a member of

20、 the International Telecommunication Union (lTU), Canada participates in the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (lTU-T). This International Standard was reviewed by the CSA TCiT under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Information Technology and deemed

21、acceptable for use in Canada. (A committee membership list is available on request from the CSA Project Manager.) From time to time, ISO/IEC may publish addenda, corrigenda, etc. The CSA TCiT will review these documents for approval and publication. For a listing, refer to the CSA Information Produc

22、ts catalogue or CSA Info Update or contact a CSA Sales representative. This Standard has been formally approved, without modification, by these Committees and has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. March 2000 CSA International- 2000 All rights reserved

23、. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. ISO/IEC material is reprinted with permission. Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada should be addressed to CSA International, 778 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario,

24、 M9W 7 R3. March 2000 CSA/l INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/lEe 10514-1 First edition 1996-06-01 Information technology - Programming languages -Part 1: Modula-2, Base Language Technologies de I information - Langages de programmation Partie 1. Modula-2, langage de base Reference number ISO/lEe 10514-1:1

25、996(E) ISO/lEe 10514-1 1996(E) Contents Page Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIV Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Section 1: Scope . 1 1.1 Goals. 1 1.2 Specifications included in this part of ISO JIEC 10514 . 1 1.3 Specifications not within the scope of this part ofISO JIEC 10514. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 2: Normative Ref

27、erences . 3 Section 3: Definitions, Structure, and Conventions 4 3.1 Definitions. 4 3.2 Structure of the Formal Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.3 Conventions 8 3.3.1 Informative text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.3.2 Typographical conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.3.3 References to pervasive identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3.4 Interpretation of non-VDM-SL notations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3.5 References to formal parameter names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Section 4: Requirements for I

30、mplementations 10 4.1 Translation. 10 4.2 Source Code Representation 10 4.3 Ordering of Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.4 Predefined Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.5 Library Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.6 Errors. 12 4.7 Exceptions. 12 4.8 Implementation-dependencies. 13 4.9 Documentation 13 4.10

32、Statement of Compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.11 Minimum requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ISO /IEC 1996 All rights

33、 reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISO/IEC Copyright Office. Case Post ale 56 CH-1211 Geneve 20

34、 Switzerland ii ISO/IEC ISO /IEe 10514-1 1996(E) Section 5: The Lexis . 16 5.1 Source Code Structure 16 5.2 Word tokens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.1 Identifiers 16 5.2.2 Portable Identifiers.

35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.3 Full Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.4 Pervasive Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.

36、5 Keywords 17 5.3 Symbols and Operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.3.1 Required Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.3.2 Symbols

37、 with alternatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.3.3 Operators 18 5.4 Constant Literals 20 5.4.1 Whole Number Literals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.4.2 Rea

38、l Literals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.4.3 String Literals 20 5.5 Separators. 21 5.5.1 White Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、. . . 21 5.5.2 Comments. 21 5.5.3 Source Code Directives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.6 Letters and National Characters . “ 21 Section 6: The Language 23 6.1 Programs, Program Modules, and Separate Modules 23 6.1.1 Programs a

40、nd Compilation Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.1.2 Program Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 6.1.3 Definition Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.1.6 6.1.7 6.1.8 6.1.9 6.1.10 6.1.11 Implementation Modules . 6.1.4.1 Sourced Implementation Modules . . 6.1.4.2 Abstract Implementation Modules . . Program Module and Separate Module Consistency . 6.1.5.1 Definition

42、 Module and Implementation Module Consistency . 6.1.5.2 Module Compilation Order . 6.1.5.3 Module Dependencies . Module Initialization Order . Program Termination . Import Lists . . 30 31 33 34 34 36 37 38 40 41 6.1.8.1 Import List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6.1.8.2 Simple Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6.1.8.3 Unqualified Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 6.1.8.4 Import Consiste

44、ncy in Definition Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 6.1.8.5 Import Consistency in Module Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Export Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.1.9.1 Unqualified Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.1.9.2 Qualified Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Implicit Import and Export 48 Protected

46、 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 6.2 Definitions and Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 6.2.1 Identifiers 52 6.2.2 Qualified Identifiers 52 6.2.3 Defin

47、itions. 54 6.2.4 Type Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6.2.5 Procedure Headings , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 6.2.5.1 Proper Procedure Headings.

48、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 6.2.5.2 Function Procedure Headings . 60 6.2.5.3 Formal Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 6.2.6 Declarations 63 iii ISO flEe 10514-1 1996(E) ISOjIEC i

49、v 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.2.9 6.2.10 Ordering of Procedure and Module Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Constant Declarations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Type Declarations . 68 Variable Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.2.11 Procedure Declarations - . 71 73 76 79 82 82 6.2.12 6.2.13 6.2.11.1 Proper Procedure Declarations . . 6.2.11.2 Function Procedure Declarat