CSA S408-2011 Guidelines for the development of limit states design standards (Second Edition).pdf

1、S408-11Guidelines for the development of limitstates design standardsLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (CSA) standards are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together volunteers represent

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17、e contents hereof, and if you do make such copies, you are required to destroy them immediately. Use of this document constitutes your acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice.CSA Standards Update ServiceS408-11January 2011Title:Guidelines for the development of limitstates design

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20、fit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at www.ShopCSA.caS408-11Guidelines for the development of limitstates design standardsCSA Special Publication100%ISBN 978-1-55491-314-5 Canadian Standard

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22、 Canadian Standards Association (CSA) prints its publications on Rolland Enviro100, which contains 100%recycled post-consumer fibre, is EcoLogo and Processed Chlorine Free certified, and was manufactured using biogas energy.January 2011 iiiContents Canadian Standards Association Guidelines for the d

23、evelopment of limitstates design standardsTechnical Committee on the Guidelines for the Development of Limit States Design vPreface vi1Scope12 Reference publications 13 General guidelines 43.1 Basic guidelines 43.2 Limit states 53.2.1 General 53.2.2 Ultimate limit states 53.2.3 Fatigue limit state 5

24、3.2.4 Serviceability limit states 53.3 Structural integrity and robustness 53.4 Fire resistance 53.5 Durability 63.6 Safety during construction and demolition 63.7 Quality assurance 64 Principles of limit states design 64.1 General 64.2 Specified values 64.3 Load and resistance factors 74.4 Safety,

25、serviceability, and fatigue checks 74.5 Durability based on service life 85 Loads, load factors, and load combinations 85.1 General 85.2 Classification of loads 85.3 Specified loads 85.4 Load factors 95.5 Importance factor 95.6 Load combinations 95.6.1 General 95.6.2 Companion action format 95.7 Max

26、imum and minimum loads 105.8 Pattern loading 105.9 Horizontal loads 106 Resistance factors 106.1 General 106.2 Material properties 106.2.1 General 106.2.2 Specified material property 106.2.3 Use of material quality standards 106.2.4 Use of test samples 116.3 Dimensions 116.4 Factored resistance 11S4

27、08-11 Canadian Standards Associationiv January 20117 Analysis and testing 117.1 General 117.2 Ultimate limit states 117.3 Fatigue limit state 117.4 Serviceability limit states 117.5 Testing 128Terminology129 Recommended symbols 12AnnexesA Commentary 16B Reliability assessment methods 22C Limit state

28、s design for durability 27Tables1 Terminology 132 Recommended symbols 14 Canadian Standards Association Guidelines for the development of limitstates design standardsJanuary 2011 vTechnical Committee on the Guidelines for the Development of Limit States DesignD.E. Allen Consultant,Ottawa, OntarioF.M

29、. Bartlett University of Western Ontario,London, OntarioW. J. Clark Morrison Hershfield Limited,Toronto, OntarioH.P. Hong University of Western Ontario,London, OntarioD.J.L. Kennedy University of Alberta,Edmonton, AlbertaM.A. Maes University of Calgary,Calgary, AlbertaM. Braiter Canadian Standards A

30、ssociation,Mississauga, OntarioProject ManagerS408-11 Canadian Standards Associationvi January 2011PrefaceThis is the second edition of CSA S408, Guidelines for the development of limit states design standards. It supersedes the first edition, published in 1981 under the title Guidelines for the Dev

31、elopment of Limit States Design.The limit states design method is based on ISO 2394 and ISO 22111. CSA 408 is intended for individuals developing Canadian limit states design standards and should be read by all structural design engineers practicing in Canada. It provides the basis for understanding

32、 the safety and reliability implicit in Canadian and international design standards. The advantages of the limit states design method include the following:(a)The designer is provided with a better understanding of fundamental performance requirements and of the behaviour of a structure in meeting t

33、hose requirements. This enables the designer to exercise better judgment in the design and evaluation of structures used for different purposes and subjected to different environmental conditions. It also makes it easier to teach design criteria given in codes and standards.(b) A consistent approach

34、 is provided for civil engineering structural standards and, through this consistency, the design of composite structures made of different materials is simplified.(c) Reliability is based on the statistical evaluation of loads and resistances, thus avoiding both under- and over-design and resulting

35、 in relatively uniform margins of safety for given types of structures.(d) Life safety and economy are emphasized, thus creating a better basis for comparing different technological criteria.These Guidelines contain terminology and symbols recommended for use in Canadian structural design codes and

36、standards to coordinate and simplify the development of limit states design standards. These Guidelines do not always follow existing limit states design criteria as contained in the National Building Code of Canada or other CSA Standards; they are intended as a common basis for future codes and sta

37、ndards.Annexes A, B, and C contain additional information on specific aspects of limit states design. Annex A is a commentary to these Guidelines. Annex B describes methods to calculate resistance factors for new materials or new forms of construction and to investigate the reliability of existing o

38、r exceptional structures. Annex C provides information on the application of limit states design for durability based on ISO 13823.CSA gratefully acknowledges the technical contributions received from the following individuals during the public consultation period: A. Agarwal, A. Dalgliesh, D. Gagno

39、n, E. Jones, D. Laird, P. Lepper, Z. Lounis, R. Loov, A. Metten, and M. Wang. Funding for the development and publication of these Guidelines was generously provided by the Canadian Institute of Steel Construction, Canadian Masonry Design Centre, Canadian Wood Council, Cement Association of Canada,

40、and Public Works Government Services Canada.These Guidelines were prepared by the Technical Committee on the Guidelines for Limit States Design under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Structures (Design).January 2011Notes: (1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (an

41、d vice versa) when the sense allows.(2) Although the intended primary application of this Special Publication is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the Special Publication to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.(3) All enqui

42、ries regarding this Special Publication, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6.Requests for interpretation should(a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause,

43、 and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;(b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and gui

44、delines governing standardization and are published in CSAs periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at www.csa.ca. Canadian Standards Association Guidelines for the development of limitstates design standardsJanuary 2011 1S408-11Guidelines for the development of limitstates de

45、sign standards1Scope1.1These Guidelines provide recommendations for the development of codes and standards used for the design and evaluation of civil engineering structures such as buildings, industrial structures, bridges, earth- and water-retaining structures, towers, chimneys, and poles. These r

46、ecommendations are intended to ensure the adequate and consistent provision of safety and serviceability, regardless of the type of material, construction, or use of the structure.1.2In these Guidelines, “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is

47、 used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Guidelines; and “can” is used to express possibility or capability.2 Reference publicationsThese Guidelines refer to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it is to the edition listed below, inclu

48、ding all amendments published thereto.CSA (Canadian Standards Association)A23.1-09/A23.2-09Concrete materials and methods on concrete construction/Test methods and standard practices for concreteG40.20-04/G40.21-04 (R2009)General requirements for rolled or welded steelCAN/CSA-S6-06Canadian Highway B

49、ridge Design CodeS6.1-06Commentary on CAN/CSA-S6-06, Canadian Highway Bridge Design CodeS16-09Design of steel structuresS478-95 (R2007)Guideline on durability in buildingsAASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials)AASHTO Guide for Commonly Recognized Structural Elements, 1998 (Rev. 2002)S408-11 Canadian Standards Association2 January 2011ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers)7-05Minimum Design LoadsCISC (Canadian Institute for Steel Construction)CISC Commentary on CAN/CSA-S16-09 (2010)Handbook of Steel Construction, 10th Editio