CSA Z1004-2012 Workplace ergonomics A management and implementation Standard (First Edition).pdf

1、Z1004-12Workplace ergonomics A management and implementation StandardLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (CSA) standards are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together volunteers represent

2、ing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus and develop a standard. Although CSA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in achieving consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the content of standards.Disclaimer and exclusion of liabilityTh

3、is document is provided without any representations, warranties, or conditions of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, implied warranties or conditions concerning this documents fitness for a particular purpose or use, its merchantability, or its non-infringement of any third

4、 partys intellectual property rights. CSA does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, or currency of any of the information published in this document. CSA makes no representations or warranties regarding this documents compliance with any applicable statute, rule, or regulation. IN NO EVENT SHALL

5、CSA, ITS VOLUNTEERS, MEMBERS, SUBSIDIARIES, OR AFFILIATED COMPANIES, OR THEIR EMPLOYEES, DIRECTORS, OR OFFICERS, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST REVENUE,

6、 BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSS, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM ACCESS TO OR POSSESSION OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF CSA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSS

7、IBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES.In publishing and making this document available, CSA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity or to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to another person or entity. The in

8、formation in this document is directed to those who have the appropriate degree of experience to use and apply its contents, and CSA accepts no responsibility whatsoever arising in any way from any and all use of or reliance on the information contained in this document. CSA is a private not-for-pro

9、fit company that publishes voluntary standards and related documents. CSA has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce compliance with the contents of the standards or other documents it publishes. Intellectual property rights and ownershipAs between CSA and the users of this document (whether it

10、 be in printed or electronic form), CSA is the owner, or the authorized licensee, of all works contained herein that are protected by copyright, all trade-marks (except as otherwise noted to the contrary), and all inventions and trade secrets that may be contained in this document, whether or not su

11、ch inventions and trade secrets are protected by patents and applications for patents. Without limitation, the unauthorized use, modification, copying, or disclosure of this document may violate laws that protect CSAs and/or others intellectual property and may give rise to a right in CSA and/or oth

12、ers to seek legal redress for such use, modification, copying, or disclosure. To the extent permitted by licence or by law, CSA reserves all intellectual property rights in this document.Patent rightsAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this standard may be the subject

13、of patent rights. CSA shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights is entirely their own responsibility.Authorized use of this documentThis document is being prov

14、ided by CSA for informational and non-commercial use only. The user of this document is authorized to do only the following:If this document is in electronic form:.load this document onto a computer for the sole purpose of reviewing it;.search and browse this document; and.print this document if it

15、is in PDF format. Limited copies of this document in print or paper form may be distributed only to persons who are authorized by CSA to have such copies, and only if this Legal Notice appears on each such copy.In addition, users may not and may not permit others to.alter this document in any way or

16、 remove this Legal Notice from the attached standard;.sell this document without authorization from CSA; or.make an electronic copy of this document.If you do not agree with any of the terms and conditions contained in this Legal Notice, you may not load or use this document or make any copies of th

17、e contents hereof, and if you do make such copies, you are required to destroy them immediately. Use of this document constitutes your acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice.CSA Standards Update ServiceZ1004-12March 2012Title: Workplace ergonomics A manageme nt and implementatio

18、n StandardPagination: 150 pages (vii preliminary and 143 text), each dated March 2012To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this publicationgo on-line to shop.csa.caclick on E-mail Services under MY ACCOUNTclick on CSA Standards Update ServiceThe List ID that you will need to regis

19、ter for updates to this publication is 2421777.If you require assistance, please e-mail techsupportcsa.ca or call 416-747-2233.Visit CSAs policy on privacy at csagroup.org/legal to find out how we protect your personal information.Published in March 2012 by Canadian Standards AssociationA not-for-pr

20、ofit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at shop.csa.caZ1004-12Workplace ergonomics A management and implementation StandardCSA Standard100%ISBN 978-1-55491-898-0 Canadian Standards Association

21、 2012All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.To purchase CSA Standards and related publications, visit CSAs Online Store at shop.csa.ca or call toll-free 1-800-463-6727 or 416-747-4044.The Canadian Standa

22、rds Association (CSA) prints its publications on Rolland Enviro100, which contains 100%recycled post-consumer fibre, is EcoLogo and Processed Chlorine Free certified, and was manufactured using biogas energy.March 2012 iiiContents Canadian Standards AssociationWorkplace ergonomics A managementand im

23、plementation StandardTechnical Committee on Workplace Ergonomics vPreface vii0Introduction 10.1 General 10.2 Principles of an effective Ergonomics Process 10.3 Using this Standard 20.3.1 General 20.3.2 Structure of this Standard 21 Scope and objective 31.1 Scope 31.2 Objective 41.3 Terminology 42 Re

24、ference publications 43 Definitions 54 Ergonomics in occupational health and safety 74.1 Occupational health and safety 74.2 Ergonomics Process Introduction 84.3 The Application of Ergonomics in the design and operation of a work system 85 Commitment, leadership, and participation 95.1 General 95.2

25、Resource requirements 95.3 Management commitment and leadership 95.3.1 Responsibility, accountability, and authority 95.3.2 Management direction 105.3.3 Management representatives 105.4 Worker participation 105.5 Communication 105.6 Awareness and training 106 Planning 116.1 General 116.2 Legal and o

26、ther requirements 116.3 Objectives and targets 116.4 Recognizing and managing change 117 Implementation 127.1 General 127.2 Application of Ergonomics 137.2.1 Identification and elimination of hazards and risk assessment 137.2.2 Hazard elimination and risk control 147.2.3 Hierarchy of preventive and

27、protective measures 147.2.4 Monitoring and follow-up of preventive and protective measures 157.3 Application of Ergonomics in design 157.3.1 General 15Z1004-12 Canadian Standards Associationiv March 20127.3.2 Plan and anticipate 157.3.3 Detailed design 167.3.4 Procurement 167.3.5 Installation and tr

28、aining 167.3.6 Operation and maintenance 167.3.7 Decommissioning and disposal 178 Evaluating the Ergonomics Process 178.1 Evaluation 178.2 Documents and records 178.3 Monitoring and measurement 188.4 Reporting, investigation, and analysis 188.5 Internal audits 189 Continual improvement 199.1 Managem

29、ent review 199.2 Review input 199.3 Review output 199.4 Continual improvement 19AnnexesA (informative) Guidance on the use of CSA Z1004-12 20B (informative) Reference tools 59Figures1 Elements of an OHSMS and the Ergonomics Process 32 Application of Ergonomics in the design and operation of awork sy

30、stem 93 Ergonomics Process How it fits within the OHSMS 124 Application of Ergonomics in health and safety 145 Application of Ergonomics in design 15 Canadian Standards AssociationWorkplace ergonomics A managementand implementation StandardMarch 2012 vTechnical Committee on Workplace ErgonomicsN. Mc

31、Cormick Corporate Health Works Inc.,Winnipeg, ManitobaChairC. Bart Chrysler LLC, Auburn Hills, Michigan, USAJ. Bennie Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC),Ottawa, OntarioG. Bossenberry Canadian Union of Postal Workers,Ottawa, OntarioAssociateK. Clark Canadian Auto Workers (CAW), Toronto, Ontario

32、A. Duffy Ontario Ministry of Labour, Toronto, OntarioC. Eady Canada Post Corporation, Ottawa, OntarioT. Frechette Safety Consulting Services, Barrie, OntarioK. Hou Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers Association,Toronto, OntarioAssociateC. Lew Wal-Mart Canada Corp.,Mississauga, OntarioJ. Martin Ontario P

33、ower Generation Inc.,Toronto, OntarioAssociateA. Pizzino Canadian Union of Public Employees, Ottawa, OntarioJ. Prvost Commission de la sant et de la scurit du travail du Qubec,Montral, QubecL. Sagmeister Department of Government Services, Mount Pearl, Newfoundland and LabradorS. Sampson Nova Scotia

34、Department of Labour and Workforce Development,Halifax, Nova ScotiaZ1004-12 Canadian Standards Associationvi March 2012B. Saravanabawan Human Resources and Skills Development Canada-Labour Operations,Ottawa, OntarioM. Sinclair Ontario Power Generation Inc., Toronto, OntarioL. Stoffman United Food an

35、d Commercial Workers UFCW1518,Vancouver, British ColumbiaJ. Village Judy Village (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) where possible, phrase the request in such a way that a specific “yes” or “no” answer will address the issue.Committee interpret

36、ations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are published in CSAs periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA website at http:/standardsactivities.csa.ca.(5) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their

37、improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee. To submit a proposal for change to CSA Standards, please send the following information to inquiriescsa.ca and include “Proposal for change” in the subject line:(a) Standard designation (number);(b) relevant clause, table, and/or figure numb

38、er;(c) wording of the proposed change; and(d) rationale for the change. Canadian Standards AssociationWorkplace ergonomics A managementand implementation StandardMarch 2012 1Z1004-12Workplace ergonomics A management and implementation Standard0Introduction0.1 GeneralErgonomics (or human factors) is

39、the discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the application of theory, principles, data, and methods of design to enhance worker health, safety, and well-being and optimize system performance. For the purposes of this Standard, the

40、 term “Ergonomics” is being used interchangeably with the term “human factors”.The science and Application of Ergonomics can be used to improve many aspects of the interactions of people with jobs, systems, products, and environments. This Standard describes how ergonomics is integrated into occupat

41、ional health and safety and design using an Ergonomics Process to improve occupational health and safety outcomes and to optimize work system design.This Standard is structured for use with an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS), such as CAN/CSA-Z1000; however, it may also be us

42、ed independently or with other health and safety activities as it employs an identification, elimination, assessment, and control structure. This Standard is compatible with the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) model found in CAN/CSA-Z1000. This Standard provides an overall framework for addressing preventi

43、ve and protective measures, worker participation, training, design, procurement issues, documentation, and legal and other requirements.See Figure1.0.2 Principles of an effective Ergonomics ProcessWithin the scope of this Standard, the following principles form an integral part of an effective Ergon

44、omics Process to enhance worker health, safety, and well-being, and optimize system performance:(a) Worker health, safety, and well-being and system performance are enhanced through the use of ergonomics, by considering interactions between people and the components of the work system, such as tasks

45、, equipment, workspace, work organization, and the environment.(b) Ergonomics has its greatest benefit when used early in the design of a work system rather than being used to solve problems after the design is complete. Ergonomics is also beneficial in the redesign of an existing work system.(c) Th

46、e user-centred approach is a key attribute of ergonomics and ensures that a broad range of worker characteristics and requirements are accommodated.(d) Worker participation is an essential aspect of the Ergonomics Process in the organization. Workers and their representatives provide valuable knowle

47、dge in work system design when they are involved.(e) A workplace Ergonomics Process operates effectively when it is integrated within the organizations OHSMS.Z1004-12 Canadian Standards Association2 March 20120.3 Using this Standard0.3.1 GeneralThe Ergonomics Process consists of the commitment, lead

48、ership, planning, implementation, and continual improvement necessary to identify and eliminate hazards and to assess and control risks using ergonomics principles. It operates within the OHSMS, where one exists, to enhance worker health, safety, and well-being and optimize system performance.The im

49、plementation element of the Ergonomics Process includes the Application of Ergonomics, to identify and eliminate hazards, and to assess and control risks in a work system to enhance worker health, safety, and well-being and optimize system performance. This occurs at each stage of design and operation of a work system. Design occurs during any project or undertaking where changes are being introduced. The Application of Ergonomics emphasizes prevention of injuries, illnesses, and errors in the workplace; it is further described in