EN 14530-2004 en Workplace atmospheres Determination of diesel particulate matter General requirements《工作场所空气 柴油颗粒物质的测定 一般要求》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14530:2004 Workplace atmospheres Determination of diesel particulate matter General requirements The European Standard EN 14530:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.30 BS EN 14530:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Pol

2、icy and Strategy Committee on 21 April 2004 BSI 21 April 2004 ISBN 0 580 43671 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14530:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/2,

3、Workplace atmospheres, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the

4、 BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible f

5、or its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK in

6、terests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 19 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates whe

7、n the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14530 April2004 ICS13.040.30 Englishversion WorkplaceatmospheresDeterminationofdieselparticulate matterGeneralrequirements AirdeslieuxdetravailDosagedesmatirespa

8、rticulaires misesparlesmoteursdieselExigencesgnrales ArbeitsplatzatmosphreBestimmungvon teilchenfrmigenEmissionenvonDieselmotoren AllgemeineAnforderungen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2February2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsfor

9、givingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioni

10、nanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Icel

11、and,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allr

12、ightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14530:2004:EEN14530:2004(E) 2 Contents page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 5 2 Normativereferences . 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. 5 4 Abbreviatedterms . . 7 5 Principle. 8 6 Requirements 8 7 Testmethods . 10 8 Descriptiono

13、ftheprocedures. 10 8.1 General. 10 8.2 Sampling 11 8.3 Filterpretreatmentandstorage 11 8.4 Processing. 12 8.5 Determinationoforganiccarbon(desorption) 12 8.6 Determinationofelementalcarbon. 12 8.7 Determinationoftotalcarbon. . 12 9 Interferencesandcrosssensitivities . 12 10 Testreport . 12 11 Exampl

14、esoftestedmeasuringprocedures . 1 3 AnnexA (informative) Concretedescriptionsoftestedmeasuringprocedures . 14 Bibliography . 19EN14530:2004(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14530:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC137“Assessmentof workplaceexposuretochemicalandbiologicalagents”,thesecretariat

15、ofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyOctober2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnat thelatestbyOctober2004. AnnexAisinformative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,t

16、henationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic, Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,Sp

17、ain,Sweden,Switzerland andUnitedKingdom.EN14530:2004(E) 4 Introduction Dieselengineexhaustemissionsareacomplexmixtureconsistingofgasesandvapourssuchascarbon monoxide,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,nitrogenoxides,aldehydesandhydrocarbons,plusalsodiesel particulatematter(DPM).DPMistheparticulatephaseofd

18、ieselengineexhaustemissionsandcontains inorganiccomponents(e.g.sulphates)aswellastheonesdescribedinthemethod.Theyoccurinworkplaces wheredieselenginesoperate,especiallyduringtunnelandgalleryconstruction,infreightandtransport facilities,intheminingindustryandinworkshops.Thepotentiallycarcinogeniceffec

19、tofdieselengineexhaust emissionsiscurrentlyattributedtotheparticulatephase,especiallytothoseparticlesthatconsistofasoot corewithassociatedadsorbedorganiccompounds.Therefore,thesearethecomponentsofthetotal particulatematterthatareconsideredandreferredtointhisEuropeanStandard. Sincethetargetorganforth

20、ecarcinogeniceffectfromDPMisthealveolarlungregion,onlytherespirable fractionasdefinedinEN 481issampled.SincethemassmedianaerodynamicdiameterofDPMis approximately0,1 m m,samplingthisfractionstillguaranteescompletetrappingofallDPM. NOTE Epidemiologicalstudiesfromambientairsuggeststhattherecanbeotherhe

21、altheffectsassociatedwith exposuretodieselengineexhaustbesideslungcancer.EN14530:2004(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesthesamplingandanalyticalrequirementsforthedeterminationof particulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsinworkplaceatmospheres.Timeweighedaveragemass concentrationsaremeasuredforth

22、ecomponentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissions(i.e.OC,EC, TC). ThisEuropeanStandardenablesuserstoselectaproceduretodetermineoccupationalexposuretoDPM accordingtoauniformapproachandtoobtaindirectlycomparableresults. ItistheresponsibilityofuserstoascertainthattherequirementsofEN482underthegivenl

23、aboratory conditionsarefulfilled. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisions

24、ofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN481, WorkplaceatmospheresSizefractiondefinitionsforthemeasurementofairborneparticles. EN482:1994, Workplace

25、atmospheresGeneralrequirementsfortheperformanceofproceduresforthe measurementofchemicalagents. EN689, WorkplaceatmosphereGuidancefortheassessmentofexposurebyinhalationtochemicalagents forcomparisonwithlimitvaluesandmeasurementstrategy. EN1232, WorkplaceatmospheresPumpsforpersonalsamplingofchemicalag

26、entsR equirementsand testmethods. EN12919, WorkplaceatmospheresPumpsforthesamplingofchemicalagentswithavolumeflowrateof over5l/minRequirementsandtestmethods. EN13205:2001, WorkplaceatmospheresAssessmentofperformanceofinstrumentsformeasurementof airborneparticleconcentrations. 3 Termsanddefinitions F

27、orthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 componentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissions organiccarbon,elementalcarbonandtotalcarbonreferredtointhisEuropeanStandard NOTE Thesecomponentsarenotdefinedviaaspecificbondingstateofcarboninnaturalorsyntheticsubstance

28、s, butrefertocarbonmassesdeterminedbyperformingspecificanalyticalproceduresinseveralsubsequentmeasuring steps.Thus,thecomponentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsaredirectlydefinedviatheanalysis procedure. 3.2 organiccarbon OC organiccompoundsthatcanberemovedfromthesootcoresandwhichareacompon

29、entofDPMEN14530:2004(E) 6 NOTE Itisremovedbythermaldesorptioninaninertgasflowatanappropriatetemperatureasdescribedinoneof theproceduresinthisEuropeanStandardandinafurtherstepiscompletelyconvertedtocarbondioxide 3.3 elementalcarbon EC residualsootcoresaftertheorganiccarbonhasbeenremoved NOTE Itisther

30、mallyconvertedtocarbondioxidebyheatinginanoxygenrichatmosphereatanappropriate temperatureasdescribedinoneoftheproceduresinthisEuropeanStandard. 3.4 totalcarbon TC sumoforganicandelementalcarbon. NOTE Itcaneitherbedeterminedbysummingthecomponentsdescribedin3.2and3.3orbycompleteconversion tocarbondiox

31、idebydirectoxidationofthesootcorewithitsadsorbedorganiccompoundsbymeansofoxygenoran oxygenrichatmosphere. 3.5 analyticaldetermination laboratoryperformeddeterminationofOC,EC,and/orTCinfiltersamplesoftherespirablefractionof particles 3.6 recoveryrate ratioofanalyticallydeterminedvaluetotargetvalueexp

32、ressedasapercentage NOTE Therecoveryratecanbecheckedusingqualitycontrolstandardswhichhavebeenusedinroundrobintests orstandardswhichhavebeenproducedusingtestatmospheres. 3.7 bias(relatingtodeterminationofDPM) consistentdeviationoftheresultsofameasurementprocessfromthetruevalueoftheairquality characte

33、risticitself NOTE1 AdaptedfromEN1540:1998respectivelyISO6879. NOTE2 Becauseitisnotpossibletogenerateareferenceatmospherecontainingaknownconcentrationofdiesel particulatematternoreferencevalueexists.Additionally,thereexistsnoindependentanalyticalprocedurefor determinationofdieselparticulatematter.The

34、refore,inallcasesthebiasshouldbeconsideredtobezero. 3.8 overalluncertainty(ofameasuringprocedure) quantityusedtocharacteriseasawholetheuncertaintyoftheresultgivenbyanapparatusorameasuring procedure NOTE1 Itisexpressedasapercentage,bycombinationofbiasandprecisionusuallyaccordingtotheformula. 100 2 re

35、f ref + - x s x x where x isthemeanvalueofresultsofanumber nofrepeatedmeasurements; x ref isthetrueoracceptedreferencevalueofconcentration;EN14530:2004(E) 7 s isthestandarddeviationofmeasurements. EN1540:1998 NOTE2 Forthedeterminationofdieselparticulatematterthebiasisassumedtobezero(see3.7).Therefor

36、ethe overalluncertaintyequalstotheprecisionoftheoverallprocedure ref 2 x s includingsamplingandanalyticaldetermination. Sincethereisnoreferencevaluefortheoverallprocedurex refisconsideredasbeingthemeanofseveralrepetitive measurements.Theserepetitivemeasurementsshouldbeofhighqualityoriginatingfromdie

37、selaerosoltestchamber measurementsandinterlaboratorystudiesandshouldmakeuseofthoroughreferencematerialsfortheanalytical procedure. NOTE3 Instrictmathematicaltermsthereisnowaytocombineprecision(avariance)andbias(anabsolutenumber). Howeverbyoccupationalhygieneprecedentandtimehonouredconventiontheyhave

38、beencombinedaccordingtothe aboveformula. 3.9 limitofdetection LOD threetimestheestimatedstandarddeviationofthemassofthesample,accountingforthedoubleweighing (exposedvs.unexposed)andfortheuncertaintyassociatedwithanycorrectionblankused NOTE1 ThevalueLODcanbeusedasathreshholdvaluetoassertthepresenceof

39、asubstancewithconfidencein themethod. ISO15767:2003 NOTE2 SeealsoEN13890:2002,3.4.4 3.10 limitofquantitation LOQ tentimestheestimatedstandarddeviationofthemassofthesample NOTE1 ThevalueLOQcanbeusedasathreshholdvaluetoassuremeasurementofasubstanceaccurarely. ISO15767:2003 NOTE2 SeealsoEN13890:2002,3.

40、4.5 4 Abbreviatedterms DPM dieselparticulatematter OC organiccarbon EC elementalcarbon TC totalcarbon LOD limitofdetection LOQ limitofquantitationEN14530:2004(E) 8 5Principle TherespirablefractionofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsissampledaccordingtoEN481.OC, EC,orTCaredeterminedbyconversioni

41、ntocarbondioxideanditssubsequentanalyticaldeterminationbya suitablemethod. NOTE Variousanalyticaltechniqueshavebeendemonstratedtobesuited.Examplesarecoulometry,nondispersive infraredspectroscopy(NDIR)andgaschromatographywithflameionisationdetection(GCFID). 6Requirements Thisclauseliststherequirement

42、saccordingtothestepsinvolvedintheprocedure(particlesampling, analyticaldetermination,measuringprocedureandotherrequirements,seeTables1to4). ThewholeanalysisprocedureshallmeettherequirementsofEN482. ExposureassessmentofDPMshallfollowtherequirementsofEN689.EN14530:2004(E) 9 Table1Particlesampling No.

43、Attribute Requirements Testmethods 6.1.1 particlefractiontobesampled respirablefractionaccordingtoconvention inEN481 see7.1 6.1.2 accuracy EN13205:2001,4.2 see7.2 6.1.3 filterblankvaluesand scattering usesuitablematerialwithregardtoblank valuelevelandscattering see7.3 6.1.4 flowratestability accordi

44、ngtoEN1232andEN12919 Table2Analyticaldetermination No. Attribute Requirements Testmethods 6.2.1 maximumloadofDPMonfilter DeterminemaximumloadofDPMonthe filter. see7.4 6.2.2 limitofdetectionand limitofquantitation documentedbylaboratory see7.5.1and 7.5.2 6.2.3 calibrationfunction linearovertherangeofmeasuring procedure see7.6 6.2.4 c