1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14530:2004 Workplace atmospheres Determination of diesel particulate matter General requirements The European Standard EN 14530:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.30 BS EN 14530:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Pol
2、icy and Strategy Committee on 21 April 2004 BSI 21 April 2004 ISBN 0 580 43671 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14530:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/2,
3、Workplace atmospheres, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the
4、 BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible f
5、or its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK in
6、terests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 19 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates whe
7、n the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14530 April2004 ICS13.040.30 Englishversion WorkplaceatmospheresDeterminationofdieselparticulate matterGeneralrequirements AirdeslieuxdetravailDosagedesmatirespa
8、rticulaires misesparlesmoteursdieselExigencesgnrales ArbeitsplatzatmosphreBestimmungvon teilchenfrmigenEmissionenvonDieselmotoren AllgemeineAnforderungen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2February2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsfor
9、givingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioni
10、nanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Icel
11、and,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allr
12、ightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14530:2004:EEN14530:2004(E) 2 Contents page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 5 2 Normativereferences . 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. 5 4 Abbreviatedterms . . 7 5 Principle. 8 6 Requirements 8 7 Testmethods . 10 8 Descriptiono
13、ftheprocedures. 10 8.1 General. 10 8.2 Sampling 11 8.3 Filterpretreatmentandstorage 11 8.4 Processing. 12 8.5 Determinationoforganiccarbon(desorption) 12 8.6 Determinationofelementalcarbon. 12 8.7 Determinationoftotalcarbon. . 12 9 Interferencesandcrosssensitivities . 12 10 Testreport . 12 11 Exampl
14、esoftestedmeasuringprocedures . 1 3 AnnexA (informative) Concretedescriptionsoftestedmeasuringprocedures . 14 Bibliography . 19EN14530:2004(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14530:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC137“Assessmentof workplaceexposuretochemicalandbiologicalagents”,thesecretariat
15、ofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyOctober2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnat thelatestbyOctober2004. AnnexAisinformative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,t
16、henationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic, Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,Sp
17、ain,Sweden,Switzerland andUnitedKingdom.EN14530:2004(E) 4 Introduction Dieselengineexhaustemissionsareacomplexmixtureconsistingofgasesandvapourssuchascarbon monoxide,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,nitrogenoxides,aldehydesandhydrocarbons,plusalsodiesel particulatematter(DPM).DPMistheparticulatephaseofd
18、ieselengineexhaustemissionsandcontains inorganiccomponents(e.g.sulphates)aswellastheonesdescribedinthemethod.Theyoccurinworkplaces wheredieselenginesoperate,especiallyduringtunnelandgalleryconstruction,infreightandtransport facilities,intheminingindustryandinworkshops.Thepotentiallycarcinogeniceffec
19、tofdieselengineexhaust emissionsiscurrentlyattributedtotheparticulatephase,especiallytothoseparticlesthatconsistofasoot corewithassociatedadsorbedorganiccompounds.Therefore,thesearethecomponentsofthetotal particulatematterthatareconsideredandreferredtointhisEuropeanStandard. Sincethetargetorganforth
20、ecarcinogeniceffectfromDPMisthealveolarlungregion,onlytherespirable fractionasdefinedinEN 481issampled.SincethemassmedianaerodynamicdiameterofDPMis approximately0,1 m m,samplingthisfractionstillguaranteescompletetrappingofallDPM. NOTE Epidemiologicalstudiesfromambientairsuggeststhattherecanbeotherhe
21、altheffectsassociatedwith exposuretodieselengineexhaustbesideslungcancer.EN14530:2004(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesthesamplingandanalyticalrequirementsforthedeterminationof particulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsinworkplaceatmospheres.Timeweighedaveragemass concentrationsaremeasuredforth
22、ecomponentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissions(i.e.OC,EC, TC). ThisEuropeanStandardenablesuserstoselectaproceduretodetermineoccupationalexposuretoDPM accordingtoauniformapproachandtoobtaindirectlycomparableresults. ItistheresponsibilityofuserstoascertainthattherequirementsofEN482underthegivenl
23、aboratory conditionsarefulfilled. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisions
24、ofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN481, WorkplaceatmospheresSizefractiondefinitionsforthemeasurementofairborneparticles. EN482:1994, Workplace
25、atmospheresGeneralrequirementsfortheperformanceofproceduresforthe measurementofchemicalagents. EN689, WorkplaceatmosphereGuidancefortheassessmentofexposurebyinhalationtochemicalagents forcomparisonwithlimitvaluesandmeasurementstrategy. EN1232, WorkplaceatmospheresPumpsforpersonalsamplingofchemicalag
26、entsR equirementsand testmethods. EN12919, WorkplaceatmospheresPumpsforthesamplingofchemicalagentswithavolumeflowrateof over5l/minRequirementsandtestmethods. EN13205:2001, WorkplaceatmospheresAssessmentofperformanceofinstrumentsformeasurementof airborneparticleconcentrations. 3 Termsanddefinitions F
27、orthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 componentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissions organiccarbon,elementalcarbonandtotalcarbonreferredtointhisEuropeanStandard NOTE Thesecomponentsarenotdefinedviaaspecificbondingstateofcarboninnaturalorsyntheticsubstance
28、s, butrefertocarbonmassesdeterminedbyperformingspecificanalyticalproceduresinseveralsubsequentmeasuring steps.Thus,thecomponentsofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsaredirectlydefinedviatheanalysis procedure. 3.2 organiccarbon OC organiccompoundsthatcanberemovedfromthesootcoresandwhichareacompon
29、entofDPMEN14530:2004(E) 6 NOTE Itisremovedbythermaldesorptioninaninertgasflowatanappropriatetemperatureasdescribedinoneof theproceduresinthisEuropeanStandardandinafurtherstepiscompletelyconvertedtocarbondioxide 3.3 elementalcarbon EC residualsootcoresaftertheorganiccarbonhasbeenremoved NOTE Itisther
30、mallyconvertedtocarbondioxidebyheatinginanoxygenrichatmosphereatanappropriate temperatureasdescribedinoneoftheproceduresinthisEuropeanStandard. 3.4 totalcarbon TC sumoforganicandelementalcarbon. NOTE Itcaneitherbedeterminedbysummingthecomponentsdescribedin3.2and3.3orbycompleteconversion tocarbondiox
31、idebydirectoxidationofthesootcorewithitsadsorbedorganiccompoundsbymeansofoxygenoran oxygenrichatmosphere. 3.5 analyticaldetermination laboratoryperformeddeterminationofOC,EC,and/orTCinfiltersamplesoftherespirablefractionof particles 3.6 recoveryrate ratioofanalyticallydeterminedvaluetotargetvalueexp
32、ressedasapercentage NOTE Therecoveryratecanbecheckedusingqualitycontrolstandardswhichhavebeenusedinroundrobintests orstandardswhichhavebeenproducedusingtestatmospheres. 3.7 bias(relatingtodeterminationofDPM) consistentdeviationoftheresultsofameasurementprocessfromthetruevalueoftheairquality characte
33、risticitself NOTE1 AdaptedfromEN1540:1998respectivelyISO6879. NOTE2 Becauseitisnotpossibletogenerateareferenceatmospherecontainingaknownconcentrationofdiesel particulatematternoreferencevalueexists.Additionally,thereexistsnoindependentanalyticalprocedurefor determinationofdieselparticulatematter.The
34、refore,inallcasesthebiasshouldbeconsideredtobezero. 3.8 overalluncertainty(ofameasuringprocedure) quantityusedtocharacteriseasawholetheuncertaintyoftheresultgivenbyanapparatusorameasuring procedure NOTE1 Itisexpressedasapercentage,bycombinationofbiasandprecisionusuallyaccordingtotheformula. 100 2 re
35、f ref + - x s x x where x isthemeanvalueofresultsofanumber nofrepeatedmeasurements; x ref isthetrueoracceptedreferencevalueofconcentration;EN14530:2004(E) 7 s isthestandarddeviationofmeasurements. EN1540:1998 NOTE2 Forthedeterminationofdieselparticulatematterthebiasisassumedtobezero(see3.7).Therefor
36、ethe overalluncertaintyequalstotheprecisionoftheoverallprocedure ref 2 x s includingsamplingandanalyticaldetermination. Sincethereisnoreferencevaluefortheoverallprocedurex refisconsideredasbeingthemeanofseveralrepetitive measurements.Theserepetitivemeasurementsshouldbeofhighqualityoriginatingfromdie
37、selaerosoltestchamber measurementsandinterlaboratorystudiesandshouldmakeuseofthoroughreferencematerialsfortheanalytical procedure. NOTE3 Instrictmathematicaltermsthereisnowaytocombineprecision(avariance)andbias(anabsolutenumber). Howeverbyoccupationalhygieneprecedentandtimehonouredconventiontheyhave
38、beencombinedaccordingtothe aboveformula. 3.9 limitofdetection LOD threetimestheestimatedstandarddeviationofthemassofthesample,accountingforthedoubleweighing (exposedvs.unexposed)andfortheuncertaintyassociatedwithanycorrectionblankused NOTE1 ThevalueLODcanbeusedasathreshholdvaluetoassertthepresenceof
39、asubstancewithconfidencein themethod. ISO15767:2003 NOTE2 SeealsoEN13890:2002,3.4.4 3.10 limitofquantitation LOQ tentimestheestimatedstandarddeviationofthemassofthesample NOTE1 ThevalueLOQcanbeusedasathreshholdvaluetoassuremeasurementofasubstanceaccurarely. ISO15767:2003 NOTE2 SeealsoEN13890:2002,3.
40、4.5 4 Abbreviatedterms DPM dieselparticulatematter OC organiccarbon EC elementalcarbon TC totalcarbon LOD limitofdetection LOQ limitofquantitationEN14530:2004(E) 8 5Principle TherespirablefractionofparticulatedieselengineexhaustemissionsissampledaccordingtoEN481.OC, EC,orTCaredeterminedbyconversioni
41、ntocarbondioxideanditssubsequentanalyticaldeterminationbya suitablemethod. NOTE Variousanalyticaltechniqueshavebeendemonstratedtobesuited.Examplesarecoulometry,nondispersive infraredspectroscopy(NDIR)andgaschromatographywithflameionisationdetection(GCFID). 6Requirements Thisclauseliststherequirement
42、saccordingtothestepsinvolvedintheprocedure(particlesampling, analyticaldetermination,measuringprocedureandotherrequirements,seeTables1to4). ThewholeanalysisprocedureshallmeettherequirementsofEN482. ExposureassessmentofDPMshallfollowtherequirementsofEN689.EN14530:2004(E) 9 Table1Particlesampling No.
43、Attribute Requirements Testmethods 6.1.1 particlefractiontobesampled respirablefractionaccordingtoconvention inEN481 see7.1 6.1.2 accuracy EN13205:2001,4.2 see7.2 6.1.3 filterblankvaluesand scattering usesuitablematerialwithregardtoblank valuelevelandscattering see7.3 6.1.4 flowratestability accordi
44、ngtoEN1232andEN12919 Table2Analyticaldetermination No. Attribute Requirements Testmethods 6.2.1 maximumloadofDPMonfilter DeterminemaximumloadofDPMonthe filter. see7.4 6.2.2 limitofdetectionand limitofquantitation documentedbylaboratory see7.5.1and 7.5.2 6.2.3 calibrationfunction linearovertherangeofmeasuring procedure see7.6 6.2.4 c
