KS I ISO 16387-2005 Soil quality－Effects of pollutants on Enchytraeidae(Enchytraeus sp )－ Determination of effects on reproduction and survival 《土壤质量 污染物对线蚓科的影响 对繁殖和存活率影响的测定》.pdf

1、 KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2005 12 28 KS I ISO 16387 Enchytraeidae (Enchytraeus sp.) KS I ISO 16387： 2005I ISO 16387： 2005 ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) ( ) ： ： 2005 12 28 2005 1013 ： ： ( ) ( 02 509 72625) . 7 5 , . ICS 13.080.30 2004 1 ISO 16387 Soil quality Effects of pollutants on Enchytraeida

2、e (Enchytraeus sp.) Determination of effects on reproduction and survival . 1. Enchytraeus albidus(Enchytraeidae) . , . , . , (Henry) / 1 , 25 0.013 3 Pa . . . 1. . 2. . . 3 , B . 2. . . . KS M ISO 11268 2 2： OECD No.207, 1984 , OECD, 3. . 3.1 (reproduction) 6 3.2 50 % , LC50 50 % 1. LC50 (dry mass)

3、 . KS I ISO Enchytraeidae (Enchytraeus sp.) 16387： 2005Soil quality Effects of pollutants on Enchytraeidae(Enchytraeus sp.) Determination of effects on reproduction and survival I ISO 16387： 2005 2 2. . 3.3 (lowest observed effect concentration, LOEC) (p 0.05). , . 3.5 (effect concentration, EC x) x

4、 %(10, 25, 50) . EC50 50 % . (effect concentration) . 4. . , (2 ) (6 ) (definitive test) . . a) , 14 , . (definitive test) . b) (definitive test) . . (definitive test) 6 (E. albidus ). 3 , ( ) . 3 (cocoon) . NOEC ECx . 5. , . 5.1 Enchytraeus albidus Hence 1837(white potworm： Enchytraeidae, Oligochae

5、ta, Annelida) . E. albidus , 1540 mm ( ). 2 , 4 , (clitellum) . , , , I ISO 16387： 2005 3 , . (races ecotypes) . E. albidus . . E. albidus . . E. albidus ( E ), (life cycle) 18 33 , 12 74 . 5 . Enchytraeus E. buchholzi Vejdovsky 1879 E. crypticus Westheide and Graefe 1992 ( F ). Enchytraeus , . , (

6、15 mm). . 24 . . , . ( ) . . (OECD 202 ) , . . 5.2 OECD 207 KS M ISO 11268 2 , ( ). 10 % (sphagnum peat) (air-dried) (21) mm . . 20 % (kaolinite 30 % .) 69 %(CaCO3 .) ( , 50 % 0.050.2 mm .) 0.31.0 % CaCO3( , ) pH 6.00.5 . CaCO3 , . , 1 . 2 . pH ( 4060 %) 12 . pH KCl c(KCl) = 1 mol/L 1： 5 ( C ). pH C

7、aCO3 . pH D . I ISO 16387： 2005 4 . . . 105 . ( ). , . 5.3 , (rolled oats) . 50 mg ( ). 28 25 mg , . ( .). . 5.4 (bengal red), 6. . 6.1 0.200.25 L , 6 cm , ( ) 20 g . . 6.2 6.3 6.4 1 g 50 g 32 kg 6.5 1 mg 25 mg 200 g 6.6 pH 6.7 ( ) 6.8 6.9 6.10 (incubator) 6.11 jeweller , 6.12 photo basins with ribb

8、ed bottoms 7. (6.1) 2 ( ) 6 ( ) . (202) . . , 16 8 . 400800 lx . , 1 . . (6.10) (80 %) . . I ISO 16387： 2005 5 pH . pH . 8. 8.1 8.1.1 . 5.2 ( 4060 %) . . 8.1.2 ( ) , . 1 . , , . . , . 8.1.3 10 g . (5.2) , . 8.2 20 g . (5.3) (6.11) (5.1) 10 . . 8.3 0.1 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/

9、kg( ) 5 . 1 000 mg/kg . 10 . 2 , . . A . , . , LC50 . . NOEC EC10 LC50 10 . I ISO 16387： 2005 6 . . 1 000 mg/kg 8 1000 mg/kg 8 (limit test) . 8.4 . NOEC , (ring test) ECx . . OECD . 3 2factor (100 ) . NOEC , 5 (geometric series) . 4 8 . ECx , 12 . 2 6 . , . , 68 . 4 8 . NOEC ECx . ( ). , . 10 . 21 (

10、 ). , 50 mg , 25 mg . . 21 (jeweller , , ). . . 3 3 . 25 mg . 4 , (5.3 ). 6 , . ( A ). , . 8.5 ( ) NOEC ECx . carbendazim , I ISO 16387： 2005 7 . ECx EC50( ) (1.20.8) mg carbendazim/kg ( ). positive control ( negative) . 8 ( 23 ). carbendazim positive control . 1.2 mg a.i./kg (5020) % . 8.6 , AS WHC

11、 . 7 ( ) ( ) 5 AS pH WHCmax AS pH WHCmax 3 1 1 AS AS 0 1. stock 2. 3. .4. 5. 6. pH 1. stock 2. 3. .4. 5. 6. pH 7 14 pH 21 1. 2. 3. 4. 28 35 42 pH I ISO 16387： 2005 8 9. 9.1 . 9.2 14 . ( , .) ( ) . LC50 (probit) ( ). ( 3 ) trimmed Spearman-Krber , Tompson ( LC0 LC100 , LC0LC100 ) . 9.3 9.3.1 21 ( ) .

12、 . , . . a) NOEC ECx b) hormetic ( G ) 9.3.2 NOEC (homogeneity) Kolmogoroff Smirnov Bartlett . . Dunnett Williams (= 0.05, one-side) t (multiple t-test) . Mann Whitney U Bonferroni U (non-parametric) . (limit test) (parametric test) ( , ) , pair-wise Student t Mann Whitney U . 9.3.3 ECx ECx . ECx x % . Fieller15 . . normal(logistic) sigmoid (probit regression) . 10. control . 3 20 % . 10 ( ) , 25 . 50 % . I ISO 16387： 2005 9 11. , , . . a) b) I