1、Copyright 2014 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA1583Standard onHealth-Related Fitness Programs for Fire Department Members2015 EditionThis edition of NFPA 1583, Standard on Technical Committee on Health-Related Fitness Programsfor Fire Department Members, was prepared by
2、 the Technical Committee on Fire Service Occu-pational Safety and Health. It was issued by the Standards Council on November 11, 2014,with an effective date of December 1, 2014, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 1583 was approved as an American National Standard on December1,
3、 2014.Origin and Development of NFPA 1583The initial edition of NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and HealthProgram, contained language requiring that the fire department develop a physical fitnessprogram for its members. In the early 1990s, the technical committee responsib
4、le forNFPA 1500 began the development of a specific document to support that requirement. Arecommended practice was prepared by the committee and processed through the standardssystem but never issued.In June 1997, a new Technical Committee on Fire Service Occupational Medical andHealth revived the
5、project, but with a new focus. That focus was to provide a fire fighter witha comprehensive document focused on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, with a fitness compo-nent. The first edition was issued in 2000 as NFPA 1583, Standard on Health-Related FitnessPrograms for Fire Fighters.The multiple str
6、ess factors and rigors of their profession require fire fighters to be medi-cally and physically fit in order to perform required tasks. The committee considers thisstandard to be a companion document to NFPA 1582, Standard on Comprehensive OccupationalMedical Program for Fire Departments, and a too
7、l to be used in conjunction with the Joint LaborManagement Wellness-Fitness Initiative, developed by the International Association of FireFighters (IAFF) and the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC).The 2008 edition of the document was updated to reflect current practices in health-relate
8、d fitness programs for fire department members and to editorially conform to theManual of Style for NFPATechnical Committee Documents. The title was being changed to Standardon Health-Related Fitness Programs for Fire Department Members.The revisions introduced the concept that, while a health and f
9、itness program shouldrequire mandatory participation, it should be nonpunitive. The section on peer fitness train-ers was expanded to include requirements for their qualifications and responsibilities. Therelationship between the health and fitness coordinator (HFC) and the fire departmentphysician
10、was clarified.A requirement was added that the health and fitness coordinator design an individualizedexercise and fitness training program for a member returning to full duty from a debilitatinginjury, illness, or any other extended leave.Annex materials were reorganized to focus on the fire depart
11、ment providing an adequatefacility rather than a prescriptive list of equipment. Included were a suggestion that the HFChave a background in functional anatomy, exercise physiology, exercise testing and prescrip-tion, exercise supervision, and leadership rather than a long list of qualifications, an
12、d aself-assessment tool for use by members to monitor their individual fitness levels.For the 2015 edition, the committee has updated several requirements to reflect changesin accepted practices in the health-related fitness programs currently being used. Somechanges involve cardiovascular risk redu
13、ction, nutritional requirements, and inclusion of thefire department physician as part of the health and fitness consultation. The committee alsoadded the reference to the IAFF/IAFC/ACE Peer Fitness Trainer certification in order toprovide the end users of this document with a nationally established
14、 certification that can beused by fire departments to establish a minimum certification for fitness trainers.15831NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.Technical Committee on Fire Service Occup
15、ational Safety and HealthRandy J. Krause, ChairPort of Seattle Fire Department, WA EMurrey E. Loflin, Nonvoting SecretaryNational Institute for Occupational Safety however, failure to achieve defined or individual fitness objec-tives should not be the basis for any employment sanctions,discipline, o
16、r other punitive actions.A.3.2.1 Approved. The National Fire Protection Associationdoes not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, proce-dures, equipment, or materials; nor does it approve or evalu-ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability ofinstallations, procedures, equip
17、ment, or materials, the author-ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliancewith NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence ofsuch standards, said authority may require evidence of properinstallation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdic-tion may also refer to the li
18、stings or labeling practices of anorganization that is concerned with product evaluations and isthus in a position to determine compliance with appropriatestandards for the current production of listed items.A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). The phrase “au-thority having jurisdiction,” or
19、 its acronym AHJ, is used inNFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions andapproval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where pub-lic safety is primary, the authority having jurisdiction may be afederal, state, local, or other regional department or indi-vidual such as a fire chie
20、f; fire marshal; chief of a fire preven-tion bureau, labor department, or health department; build-ing official; electrical inspector; or others having statutoryauthority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection de-partment, rating bureau, or other insurance company repre-sentative may be th
21、e authority having jurisdiction. In manycircumstances, the property owner or his or her designatedagent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction; atgovernment installations, the commanding officer or depart-mental official may be the authority having jurisdiction.A.3.3.5 FireDepartment.
22、 The term fire department includes anypublic, governmental, private, industrial, or military organiza-tion providing these services.A.3.3.8 Fire Suppression. Fire suppression includes all activi-ties performed at the scene of a fire incident or training exer-cise that expose fire department members
23、to the dangers ofheat, flame, smoke, and other products of combustion, explo-sion, or structural collapse. 1500, 2013A.3.3.9 Hazard. Hazards include the characteristics of facilities,equipment, systems, property, hardware, or other objects and theactions and inactions of people that create such haza
24、rds.A.3.3.11 Health and Safety Officer. This individual can alsobe the incident safety officer or that role can be assigned toanother individual as a separate function.15838 HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS PROGRAMS FOR FIRE DEPARTMENT MEMBERS2015 EditionA.3.3.13 Health-Related Fitness Program (HRFP). Theheal
25、th-related fitness program includes fitness assessment, ex-ercise training, and health promotion activities.A.3.3.17 Member. A fire department member can be a full-timeor part-time employee, can be a paid or unpaid volunteer, canoccupy any position or rank within the fire department, andmight or mig
26、ht not engage in emergency operations.A.3.3.19 Morbidity. Morbidity refers to the number of sickpersons or cases of disease in relationship to a specificpopulation.A.3.3.25 Standard Operating Procedure. The intent of stan-dard operating procedures is to establish directives that mustbe followed. Sta
27、ndard operating guidelines allow flexibility inapplication.A.4.1.1 The fire department needs to recognize that its mem-bers are its most valuable resource. The occupational safetyand health program has provided direction on performingassigned functions in a safe manner. The health-related fitnesspro
28、gram provides another process, one that allows membersto enhance and maintain their optimum level of health andfitness throughout their tenure with the fire department. Edu-cation, one provision of a health-related fitness program, al-lows a means for improving health and fitness throughout theorgan
29、ization. The organization needs to provide the recogni-tion and support to ensure the promotion and success of thisprocess. Health and fitness needs to become a value within theorganization, just as safety is a value.Data suggest a correlation between the following:(1) A proactive approach to health
30、 and fitness and a decreasein debilitating occupational injuries(2) A reduction in workers compensation claims and a decreasein acute and chronic health problems of fire fightersCombining the health-related fitness program with a pro-active occupational safety and health program provides a firedepar
31、tment with the level of quality needed for its members.The purpose of the health-related fitness program is consis-tent with the medical requirements and occupational safetyand health standards, which is to improve the health fitnessand overall well-being of fire-fighting personnel. Compliancewith t
32、he standards of NFPA 1500 has demonstrated that, evenin the fire service, benefits will ultimately be manifested in costsavings, decreased sick times, and reduced workers compensa-tion and disability expenses.A commitment of time and financial resources is necessaryto fulfill requirements of this st
33、andard. The fire departmentshould afford individual fire fighters the means, the facility,and the time, as part of their work-time function, to pursue thehealth-related goals. The initial investment of the fire serviceon behalf of its most valuable resource, the fire fighter, will paysignificant div
34、idends in the future.A.4.4.2 The fire department should provide an adequate fa-cility for overall fitness, including flexibility, aerobic fitness,and muscular strength, where exercise equipment is centrallylocated. Such a facility can be developed from the following:(1) Use of a gym in a commercial
35、facility, high school, univer-sity, or other educational institution or private or govern-mental agency (e.g., military base)(2) In-house facility equipped through purchased or donatedexercise equipment, which can include appropriateequipment obtained from the following resources:(a) Made in local a
36、pprenticeship programs (e.g., weldersor pipefitters)(b) Made at and donated by correctional or educationalinstitutions(c) Donated by gyms or rehabilitation facilities(d) Purchased on a shared cost agreement with the gov-erning city, based on a reduced industrial insurancecost for a fitness programTh
37、e fire department should maintain equipment owned orleased by the fire department.A.4.4.2.1 The fire department can allocate time on duty forphysical fitness training. Scheduling of this time can vary dueto emergency calls, training, and other activities.A.5.1.2 The fire department can choose to acq
38、uire the ser-vices of an outside agent to serve as the health and fitnesscoordinator. This health and fitness coordinator should meetor exceed the training and educational background listed inA.5.2.1. The fire department should ensure that such an out-side agent is familiar with the unique physical
39、stresses presenton the fireground.Appropriate outside agents can be found at local collegesor universities in the exercise science, kinesiology, physical fit-ness, or fire technology departments. The private sector canalso provide qualified personnel to serve as health and fitnesscoordinators. Such
40、sources include hospital-based fitness pro-grams, medical facilities, or private companies that providefitness assessment and wellness programs.A.5.1.3 Examples of subject matter experts for consultationare exercise physiologists, athletic trainers, and representa-tives of university health and well
41、ness programs and executivewellness programs.A.5.1.5 The data generated through the health-related fit-ness program can show a correlation between fire fighter fit-ness and occupational safety and health. Nonidentifying datashould be shared to facilitate this correlation. The health andfitness coord
42、inator should confer with the health and safetyofficer regarding health-related fitness policies and proce-dures, fitness safety, accident and injury prevention, healthpromotion, and injury rehabilitation.A.5.1.6 Communication between the health and fitness coor-dinator and the departments health an
43、d safety officer willensure that data collection and other requirements of the oc-cupational safety and health program are maintained.A.5.2 There are no broadly accepted educational standardsfor health and fitness personnel in the United States. While itwould be an unrealistic and unattainable goal
44、to require thatall health and fitness coordinators have a baccalaureate orgraduate degree in a related discipline, it is important to notethe level of formal training such a degree connotes.A.5.2.1 A number of professional organizations, includingthose listed in Table A.5.2.1, provide training and e
45、ducationalexperiences as well as certification programs for interestedpersons. It is in the best interests of fire departments to availthemselves of these professional services as time and resourcesallow.The health and fitness coordinator should have a back-ground in functional anatomy, exercise phy
46、siology, exercisetesting and prescription, exercise supervision, and leadership.A.5.3.3 A minimal level of certification IAFF/IAFC/ACEPeer Fitness Trainer (PFT) can be obtained from American15839ANNEX A2015 EditionCouncil on Exercise (ACE) as recommended by the IAFF/IAFC Wellness-Fitness Initiative.
47、A.6.2.2 This requirement is consistent with NFPA 1582 re-garding postponement of medical evaluation for acute medi-cal problems.A.6.4 The IAFF in conjunction with the IAFC has developed aWellness-Fitness Initiative for the fire service. The initiative givesa department a template for developing a co
48、mprehensive fit-ness program. (Annex C provides a self-assessment tool fordetermining fitness levels.) The following examples are fromthe IAFF/IAFC Wellness-Fitness Initiative as well as other fitnessassessment protocols, which vary in terms of ease of adminis-tration, safety, cost, and predictive v
49、alue:(1) Aerobic capacity, including the following:(a) 1 mile (1.6 km) walk(b) 1.5 mile (2.4 km) run/walk(c) 12-minute run(d) Step test (various)(e) Stairclimbing machine(f) Cycle ergometer (various)(g) Treadmill (various)(2) Body composition as follows:(a) Skinfold (various)(b) Circumference (various)(c) Bioimpedance (BIA)(d) Hydrostatic weighing(e) Body mass index (optional)(f) Waist-to-hip ratio (optional)(3) Muscular strength as follows:(a) Handgrip dynometer(b) Static bicep curl with dynometer(c) Static leg press with dynometer(d) Bench press (1 rep maximum or percent of bod
