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29、A1670Standard onOperations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents2014 EditionThis edition of NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and RescueIncidents, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Technical Search and Rescue. It wasissued by the Standards
30、Council on November 12, 2013, with an effective date of December 2,2013, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 1670 was approved as an American National Standard on December 2,2013.Origin and Development of NFPA 1670The responsibility for NFPA 1470, Standard on Search and Rescue
31、Training for Structural Col-lapse Incidents, 1994 edition, was transferred to the Technical Committee on Technical Rescue,which prepared a proposed new NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for TechnicalRescue Incidents. That document incorporated the scope of NFPA 1470, expanding it to in-
32、clude identifying and establishing levels of functional capability for safety and effectivelyconducting operations at technical rescue incidents.The 2004 edition of NFPA 1670 represented a complete revision and incorporated thereorganization of the chapters to comply with the new Manual of Style for
33、 NFPA TechnicalCommittee Documents. The title of the document was changed to Standard on Operations andTraining for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents as a result of a petition by the TechnicalCommittee to the Standards Council to include “search” as part of the scope of the Commit-tee. The searc
34、h element was also added to each of the disciplines within the document.The committee acknowledged the valuable contributions of George Howard to the originand development of this document. Mr. Howard was working as a police officer for the NewYork and New Jersey Port Authority when he perished in t
35、he line of duty on September 11,2001, at the World Trade Center at the age of 44. He was a 16-year veteran of the departmentand a founding member of its elite emergency services division and was awarded the New YorkPolice Departments Medal of Valor for rescuing children trapped in the World Trade Ce
36、nterduring the 1993 bombing. Mr. Howard was a charter member of the NFPA Technical RescueTechnical Committee, on which he represented the Nassau County (NY) Fire Academy. Hisenlightened influence and hard work shall always be a part of this document.In the third edition of NFPA 1670, the Vehicle and
37、 Machinery Search and Rescue compo-nent was split into two separate chapters, and new chapters on Cave Search and Rescue, Mineand Tunnel Search and Rescue, and Helicopter Search and Rescue were added, resulting inrenumbering of chapters within the document. Annex G was updated with material on theSe
38、arch Assessment Marking System, and Annex H was revised with guidelines for initial re-sponse planning. Annex I was deleted, and the remaining annexes were renumbered.For the 2014 edition, the committee has added new chapters on Tower Rescue and AnimalTechnical Rescue. Chapter 16, Tower Rescue, was
39、incorporated into the standard to addressthe significant hazards posed to technical rescuers associated with the removal of ill or injuredpersons from manmade tower structures. The adoption of the PETS Act in October 2006authorized FEMA to provide rescue, care, shelter, and essential needs for indiv
40、iduals withhousehold pets and service animals and for the household pets and animals themselves following a major disaster or emergency. This has prompted the committee to incorporate anew Chapter 17, Animal Technical Rescue, and a new Annex K, Animal Technical Rescue, toaddress the significant haza
41、rds posed to technical rescuers associated with the rescue ofinjured or entrapped animals. Other notable changes to this edition of the standard includethe reorganization of Chapter 3, Definitions; changes to confined space rescue team sizerequirements in Chapter 7, Confined Space Search and Rescue;
42、 new requirements specific to16701NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.floods in Chapter 9, Water Search and Rescue; and new requirements specific to elevators in Chapter 12, MachinerySearch a
43、nd Rescue.The NFPA Technical Committee on Technical Search and Rescue would like to recognize the contributions of ourcolleague, long-time staff liaison, and friend, Frank Florence (19432010). Frank passed away on July 27, 2010, after arelatively brief illness. He served with the Salt Lake City Fire
44、 Department for 31 years before retiring as Fire Chief. Afterretiring from SLCFD, Frank joined the NFPA in September of 1998 and served as the staff liaison for the TechnicalSearch and Rescue Committee for twelve years. Frank was a strong advocate for the work of our committee and of theSAR communit
45、y in general. His memory and contributions will continue to influence this standard, and the committeeis forever grateful for his support and assistance.16702 OPERATIONS AND TRAINING FOR TECHNICAL SEARCH AND RESCUE INCIDENTS2014 EditionTechnical Committee on Technical Search and RescueDonald C. Coop
46、er, ChairOhio Division of State Fire Marshal, OH ERobert P. Thornton, SecretaryCity of Mobile Fire Department, AL URep. University of South Alabama (CERT)Francis J. Brennan, Seattle Fire Department, WA ERoger E. Bryant, Logan County Emergency AmbulanceAuthority, WV EAlberto Burrero, Dynamic Rescue S
47、ystems Inc.,Canada MH. K. Carr, H. K. Carr not to be confused with “animal rescue”which typically refers to abuse or neglect.3.3.6 Ascending Device. A type of rope grab; auxiliary equip-ment; a friction or mechanical device utilized to allow ascend-ing a fixed line. 1983, 20123.3.7 Ascending (Line).
48、 A means of safely traveling up a fixedline with the use of one or more ascent devices.3.3.8 Assessment Phase (Size-Up). The process of assessingthe conditions, the scene, and the subjects condition and abil-ity to assist in his or her own rescue.3.3.9 Auxiliary Equipment. Equipment items that are l
49、oad-bearing and designed to be utilized with life safety rope andharness, such as ascending devices, carabiners, descent con-trol devices, rope grab devices, and snap-links. 1983, 20123.3.10* Avalanche. A mass of snow sometimes containingice, water, and debris that slides down a mountainside.3.3.11* Belay. The method by which a potential fall distanceis controlled to minimize damage to equipment and/or injuryto a live load.3.3.12 Bell-Bottom Pier Hole. A type of shaft or footing exca-vation, the bottom of which is made larger than the cross-section above
