1、NFPA1971Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting Handbook 20131971NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, USAAn International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471An International Codes and Standard
2、s OrganizationNFPA1971Annotated by David TrebisacciStandard on ProtectiveEnsembles for StructuralFire Fighting andProximity Fire FightingHandbook 2013Copyright 2013National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471 All rights reserved. About this Handbook Edit
3、ionThis PDF contains the complete 2013 edition of NFPA 1971 Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting, annotated to assist the readers understanding of the standards language and the intent behind it. The annotations are not part of the NFPA Standard b
4、ut provide a valuable commentary reflecting the views, explanations, and insights of authors and contributors selected by the NFPA based on their knowledge of and experience with the standard.How to Navigate Between the Text of the Standard and the AnnotationsNavigate between code or standard text a
5、nd annotations by using hyperlinked icons and code numbers.While in code or standard text, click on hyperlinked icon* to the left of the standard sec-tion to navigate to corresponding annotations. Click on the hyperlinked annotative standard section number 1.1 to return to previous standard section.
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7、t Up-to-Date Version of the NFPA StandardThe NFPA Standard, in the edition contained herein, is current as of the effective date des-ignated at the time the standard was issued 2013. This Handbook Edition does not, however, include errata, tentative interim amendments (TIAs), or formal interpretatio
8、ns (FIs) that may have been issued after the effective date. For all errata, TIAs, or FIs that may have been issued since the effective date, or for any new editions that may have superseded this edition, please visit the “Document Information pages” link for the relevant NFPA Standard located in th
9、e “Codes email: stds_adminnfpa.org. For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org.IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING THE (!.$“/+ EDITIONNotice and Disclaimer Concerning LiabilityNotice Concerning Interpretations Contained in the AnnotationsISBN: 978-1455-90688-8Pu
10、blication of this (ANDBOOKEdition is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this (ANDBOOKEdition guar
11、antee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connec-tion with the information and opinions contained in this (ANDBOOK%dition. The NFPA and thecontributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, in
12、direct, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this (ANDBOOK EditioNThis (ANDBOOK Edition is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribu-tors to this (ANDBOOK Edition are supplying information and opinion bu
13、t are not attempting torender engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), includ-ing the NFPA Document that is the subject of thi
14、s (ANDBOOKEdition, are made available for usesubject to Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Documents, which are sepa-rately bookmarked and viewable in this (ANDBOOKEdition, and which can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guide
15、s (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition are developed in accordancewith the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. In this (ANDBOOKEdition the text of the N
16、FPADocument is accompanied with annotations providing explanation and commentary on the meaning and intent of the Document. The annotations contained in this (ANDBOOK Edition are not a part of the NFPA Documentand do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only throu
17、gh requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The annotations, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the author or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its techn
18、ical committees.Copyright 2012 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA1971Standard onProtective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fightingand Proximity Fire Fighting2013 EditionThis edition of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting andProximity Fi
19、re Fighting, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Structural and ProximityFire Fighting Protective Clothing and Equipment, released by the Technical CorrelatingCommittee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment, and actedon by NFPA at its June Association Technical Meet
20、ing held June 1114, 2012, in Las Vegas, NV.It was issued by the Standards Council on August 9, 2012, with an effective date of August 29,2012, and supersedes all previous editions.Tentative interim amendments (TIAs) to Sections 2.3 and 8.10 were issued on August 9,2012. For further information on te
21、ntative interim amendments, see Section 5 of the NFPARegulations Governing Committee Projects available at: http:/www.nfpa.org/assets/files/PDF/CodesStandards/TIAErrataFI/TIARegs.pdf.This edition of NFPA 1971 was approved as an American National Standard on August 29,2012.Origin and Development of N
22、FPA 1971The original work on this project was done by the Sectional Committee on ProtectiveEquipment for Fire Fighters that was a part of the Committee on Fire Department Equip-ment. In 1973, the Sectional Committee released a tentative standard, NFPA 19A-T, TentativeStandard on Protective Clothing
23、for Fire Fighters. The Sectional Committee continued its work, andwith the cooperation of the Program for Fire Services Technology of the National Bureau ofStandards, developed NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting.NFPA 1971 was adopted as a standard at the Fall Mee
24、ting in Pittsburgh, PA, on November 18,1975.Since that time, the Sectional Committee has been removed from the Committee on FireDepartment Equipment and made a full Technical Committee.The 1981 edition of NFPA 1971 represented a complete editorial reworking of the 1975edition to make the document mo
25、re usable by both the fire service and protective clothingmanufacturers. The 1981 edition was acted on at the Annual Meeting in Dallas, TX, on May19, 1981.The 1986 edition incorporated a complete revision of the document to include moreperformance requirements and fewer specifications. Separate perf
26、ormance and testing chap-ters were written. The 1986 edition was acted on at the Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA, on May1922, 1986.Following the 1986 edition, the Committee was renamed from the Technical Committeeon Protective Equipment for Fire Fighters to the Technical Committee on Fire Service Pro-
27、tective Clothing and Equipment.The 1991 edition incorporated third party certification, labeling, and listing for the pro-tective clothing. A new chapter was added to address interface items, specifically the protec-tive hood and protective wristlets. Appendix material was developed on cleaning of g
28、armentsand evaluating how materials can affect heat stress. The 1991 edition, the fourth edition, waspresented to the NFPA membership at the Annual Meeting in Boston, MA, on May 1923,1991, and was issued with an effective date of August 16, 1991.In October 1994, the NFPA Standards Council reorganize
29、d the Technical Committee onFire Service Protective Clothing and Equipment as the Project on Fire and Emergency Ser-vices Protective Clothing and Equipment operating with seven technical committees and a19711NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire
30、 Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.technical correlating committee. NFPA 1971 is now the responsibility of the Technical Committee on Structural andProximity Fire Fighting Protective Clothing and Equipment.The 1997 edition of NFPA 1971, the fifth edition, combined four former stand
31、ards on structural fire fightingprotective clothing: NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting; NFPA 1972, Standard on Helmetsfor Structural Fire Fighting; NFPA 1973, Standard on Gloves for Structural Fire Fighting; and NFPA 1974, Standard on ProtectiveFootwear for Stru
32、ctural Fire Fighting, into a single document entitled NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Struc-tural Fire Fighting.The 2000 edition was the sixth edition and represented a complete revision to the fifth (1997) edition. Amongother changes, the edition introduced new requirements for evapo
33、rative heat transfer through garments through atotal heat loss test, for evaluating thermal insulation in areas of garments that are most likely to become compressedthrough a conductive and compressive heat resistance test, for evaluating hand dexterity with gloves through a newhand function test, a
34、nd for evaluating the durability of barrier materials through additional preconditioning prior toselected physical tests of the barrier materials.The sixth edition was presented to the Association membership at the 1999 Fall Meeting in New Orleans, LA, onNovember 17, 1999, and issued by the Standard
35、s Council with an effective date of February 11, 2000.The 2007 edition of NFPA 1971, the seventh edition, represented a complete revision. The requirements of twoformer standards, the 2000 (sixth) edition of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting, andthe 2000 (second
36、) edition of NFPA 1976, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Proximity Fire Fighting, were combined into asingle document entitled NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting.Other than combining the two documents, the major changes represented
37、 in the 2007 edition were the optionalrequirements for protection from CBRN terrorism agents (specified chemicals, biological agents, and radiological par-ticulate) that could be released as a result of a terrorism attack. These optional requirements can be selected by firedepartments that are conce
38、rned about first response of their personnel to such WMD incidents where “normal” firefighting protective ensembles offer little or no protection from CBRN terrorism agents, and where supplementaryprotective ensembles that are certified as compliant with NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensembles f
39、or First Respondersto CBRN Terrorism Incidents, for protection from CBRN terrorism agents are unlikely to be provided to the vast majorityof fire fighting first responders.The CBRN optional protection can be applied only to an entire ensemble, including the specified CBRN SCBA forthat ensemble, and
40、cannot be applied to individual ensemble elements. The design and performance of the entireensemble including the CBRN SCBA provides the CBRN protection for the wearer and depends on the proper use ofthe entire ensemble to accomplish this protection. No combination of individual ensemble elements sh
41、ort of theentire assembled ensemble will give CBRN protection.These optional CBRN requirements that apply to both structural fire fighting protective ensembles and proximityfire fighting protective ensembles are built into the construction of the “basic” fire fighting protective ensembleelements so
42、that nothing has to be added to or subtracted from the basic fire fighting protective clothing in order toachieve the protection from CBRN terrorism agents. The optional CBRN requirements do not decrease any of theprotection for the fire fighting environments in which these ensembles are used.The 20
43、07 edition was presented to the Association membership at the 2006 Association Annual Meeting in Orlando,Florida, on June 7, 2006, and issued by the Standards Council with an effective date of August 17, 2006.The 2013 edition of NFPA 1971 represents a complete revision of the document, incorporating
44、 many technical andeditorial changes. In addition to several new definitions and revised labeling requirements, changes have been madeto the performance requirements in Chapter 7, including those for garment zippers, fastener tape, and helmets.Performance requirements for the radiant reflective prot
45、ective areas of proximity fire fighting protective glove ele-ments also have been added. A number of tests in Chapter 8 have been revised, including glove test areas, the flameresistance test procedure, the glove hand function test procedure, and the slip resistance test. The chemical perme-ation te
46、st and the man-in-simulant test (MIST) also have been completely revised. New tests have been added toChapter 8, including a torque test, transmitted and stored thermal energy test, fastener tape strength test, and a glovetool test.In Memoriam, 11 September 2001We pay tribute to the 343 members of F
47、DNY who gave their lives to save civilian victims on 11 September 2001, at theWorld Trade Center. They are true American heroes in death, but they were also American heroes in life. We will keepthem in our memory and in our hearts. They are the embodiment of courage, bravery, and dedication. May the
48、y rest inpeace.19712 PROTECTIVE ENSEMBLES FOR STRUCTURAL FIRE FIGHTING AND PROXIMITY FIRE FIGHTING2013 EditionTechnical Correlating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and EquipmentLes Boord, ChairNational Institute for Occupational Safety NFPA 1972,Standard on Helmets for S
49、tructural Fire Fighting; NFPA 1973, Stan-dard on Gloves for Structural Fire Fighting; and NFPA 1974, Stan-dard on Protective Footwear for Structural Fire Fighting.1.3.6 This standard shall not apply to proximity fire fightingprotective ensembles manufactured according to previouseditions of NFPA 1976, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Prox-imity Fire Fighting.1.3.7 This standard shall not apply to proximity fire fightingprotective clothing and equipment man
