1、 NFPA 1994 Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN T errorism Incidents 2018ISBN: 978-145591731-0 (Print) ISBN: 978-145591732-7 (PDF) ISBN: 978-145591774-7 (eBook) IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS NOTICE AND DISCLAI
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31、he NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. All NFPA codes and standards can be viewed at no cost at www.nfpa.org/docinfo.1994-1 NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2017 National Fire Protect
32、ion Association . All Rights Reserved. NFPA 1994 Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN Terrorism Incidents 2018 Edition This edition of NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to Hazardous Materials Emergencies and
33、CBRN Terrorism Incidents, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Protective Clothing and Equipment and released by the Correlating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment. It was issued by the Standards Council on August 1, 2017, with an eff
34、ective date of August 21, 2017, and supersedes all previous editions. This document has been amended by one or more Tentative Interim Amendments (TIAs) and/or Errata. See “Codes the appropriate respiratory protection needs to be addressed by the emergency responder organizations. The rst (2001) edit
35、ion was acted on by the NFPA membership at the Annual Meeting in Anaheim, California, on May 16, 2001. The 2007 edition was a complete revision. The title of the document was changed to Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents. The former requirements for Class 1 CBRN en
36、sembles, for protection from chemical, biological, and radiological terrorism agents, were incorporated into NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies, 2005 edition, and were then incorporated into the base requirements for all vapor-protective ensembles.
37、For the 2007 and 2012 editions, NFPA 1994 no longer specied a Class 1 ensemble but left the designation “Class 1” vacant. A new Class 4 ensemble was added to provide particulate protection for emergency responders to incidents where no chemical agent is identied but a particulate threat is present (
38、including “white powder” incidents). The CBRN protection requirements were developed to apply to all emergency rst responders at hazardous materials and CBRN incidents. Individual agencies (law enforcement, emergency medical, medical rst receivers, re, and hazardous materials) need to dene the opera
39、tions for which theirPROTECTIVE ENSEMBLES FOR FIRST RESPONDERS TO HAZMAT EMERGENCIES AND CBRN TERRORISM INCIDENTS 1994-2 2018 Edition personnel are trained and develop detailed purchase specications to ensure their ensembles best support their operational needs while providing CBRN protection. In th
40、e 2007 edition, the committee also included new requirements in Chapter 4 for manufacturers quality assurance programs and for situations in which hazards involving compliant products are believed to exist, including the appropriate actions in addressing these situations if there is a previously unk
41、nown threat to the users. These requirements apply to all emergency services product standards that are the responsibility of this project. All labeling, design, performance, and testing requirements were reviewed and rened as necessary. The 2007 edition was presented to the Association membership a
42、t the 2006 Association meeting in Orlando, Florida on June 7, 2006, and issued by the Standards Council with an effective date of August 17, 2006. The 2012 edition was extensively revised and included an updated permeation resistance test method with associated criteria for toxic industrial chemical
43、s based on the cumulative permeation mass in one hour rather than breakthrough time; several new denitions; updates to several ANSI, ISO/IEC, and ASTM standards; and editorial, numbering, and formatting changes. The slip resistance test was revised based on new information that was proposed during t
44、he revision process related to the requirements necessary for evaluating the entire footwear sole. Additionally, the section on a Manufacturers Quality Assurance Program was revised, and the Puncture Resistance Test 2 and the Impact and Compression Resistance Test were deleted from the standard and
45、replaced with a design requirement that the footwear meet an ASTM specication for puncture and impact-resistant footwear. The 2018 edition modies the scope and title of the standard to include both hazardous materials and CBRN to minimize confusion as to the applicability of the standard for inciden
46、ts that are not terrorism in nature. In addition, Class 1 ensemble requirements have been re-established within the standard, thereby reversing the decision to remove them in 2007. The Class 1 criteria parallel those in the 2016 edition of NFPA 1991 but provide practical criteria for both material b
47、arrier performance and overall design that result in a more form-tting and tactical-based product. Ruggedized categories of certication (Type R) have been added for Classes 2, 3, and 4 to address the increasing use of the garments in harsher environments, such as urban search and rescue and law enfo
48、rcement applications. These criteria involve more rigorous preconditioning of ensemble material prior to material barrier testing and ensemble integrity evaluations and higher levels of material physical property performance. Based upon recent research published by the U.S. Department of Defense, th
49、e chemical challenges have been modied to represent the vast diversity of chemicals found in the global chemical industry and to cover the breadth of fundamental chemical reactivity principles. Material breathability as measured by evaporative resistance and total heat loss has been addressed by reporting results for Class 2 and Class 2R ensembles and applying specic requirements for Class 3/3R and Class 4/4R ensembles. Footwear options have been broadened to allow for more exibility when a chemical protective sock is used in coordination with the b
