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5、ESTINGNSPECTIONTESTINGNSPECTIONTESTINGNSPECTIONTESTINGWater-Based Fire Protection Systems HandbookEdited byMatthew J. KlausPrincipal Fire Protection EngineerFOURTH EDITIONNational Fire Protection AssociationQuincy, MassachusettsWith the complete text of the 2014 edition of NFPA 25, Standard for the
6、Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection SystemsCH00_FM_i_x.pdf i 2/4/14 8:55 AMCopyright 2013National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch ParkQuincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471All rights reserved.Important Notices and Disclaimers: Publication of this handbook is for
7、 the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPA nor the contributors to this handbook guarantee the accuracy or completeness of or assum
8、e any liability in connection with the information and opinions contained in this handbook. The NFPA and the contributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or i
9、ndirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this handbook.This handbook is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contributors to this handbook are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If
10、 such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this handbook, are made available for use subject to Important Notices and Legal
11、 Disclaimers, which appear at the end of this handbook and can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.Notice Concerning Code Interpretations: This fourth edition of the Water-Based Fire Protection Systems Handbook is based on the 2014 edition of NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and
12、 Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems. All NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”) are developed in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. T
13、he handbook contains the complete text of NFPA25 and any applicable Formal Interpretations issued by the NFPA. This NFPA Document is accompanied by explanatory commentary and other supplementary materials.The commentary and supplementary materials in this handbook are not a part of the NFPA Document
14、 and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The commentary and supplementary materials, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinio
15、ns of the editor or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA DOCUMENTSNFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, like all NFPA codes, standa
16、rds, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim
17、Amendment and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Document has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the Document Information Pages on NFPAs website. The Document Information Pages provide up-to-date, document spe
18、cific information including any issued Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata. To access the Document Information Page for a specific NFPA Document go to http:/www.nfpa.org/document for a list of NFPA Documents, and click on the appropriate Document number (e.g., NFPA 25). In addition to posting al
19、l existing Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata, the Document Information Page also includes the option to sign-up for an “Alert” feature to receive an email notification when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document.The following are registered trademarks of the Nation
20、al Fire Protection Association:National Fire Protection AssociationNFPANFPA 72Life Safety Codeand 101National Electrical Codeand NFPA 70Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplaceand NFPA 70EFire Protection HandbookNFPA No.: 25HB14ISBN (book): 978-1455906642ISBN (e-book): 978-1455908356Library o
21、f Congress Control No.: 2013939754Printed in the United States of America13 14 15 16 17 5 4 3 2 1Product Management: Michael S. Barresi, Jr.Development and Production: Khela ThorneCopyediting: Kenneth RitchieArt Direction: Cheryl LangwayPermissions: Josiane DomeniciIllustrations: George Nichols,Step
22、han LaforestCover Design: Greenwood Associates DesignComposition: Shepherd, Inc.Manufacturing: Ellen GliskerPrinting: Courier/KendallvilleCH00_FM_i_x.pdf ii 2/4/14 8:56 AMPreface vAbout the Contributors viiAbout the Editor xPART ONENFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Wa
23、ter-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2014 Edition, with Commentary 31 Administration 51.1 Scope 51.2 Purpose 101.3 Application 111.4 Units 122 Referenced Publications 152.1 General 152.2 NFPA Publications 152.3 Other Publications 162.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections 163 Definitions 173.
24、1 General 173.2 NFPA Official Definitions 173.3 General Definitions 193.4 Deluge Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems Definitions 643.5 Valve Definitions 653.6 Water-Based Fire Protection System Definitions 673.7 ITM Task Frequencies 754 General Requirements 794.1 Responsibility of Prop
25、erty Owner or Designated Representative 794.2 Manufacturers Corrective Action 944.3 Records 944.4 Water Supply Status 974.5 Inspection 974.6 Testing 984.7 Performanced-Based Programs 994.8 Maintenance 1014.9 Safety 1025 Sprinkler Systems 1155.1 General 1155.2 Inspection 1175.3 Testing 1475.4 Mainten
26、ance 1635.5 Component Action Requirements 1696 Standpipe and Hose Systems 1756.1 General 1766.2 Inspection 1796.3 Testing 1816.4 Maintenance 1856.5 Component Action Requirements 1857 Private Fire Service Mains 1917.1 General 1917.2 Inspection and Corrective Action 1947.3 Testing 2017.4 Maintenance 2
27、027.5 Component Action Requirements 2038 Fire Pumps 2118.1 General 2118.2 Inspection 2298.3 Testing 2398.4 Reports 2658.5 Maintenance 2658.6 Component Replacement Testing Requirements 2679 Water Storage Tanks 2919.1 General 2929.2 Inspection 2989.3 Testing 3089.4 Maintenance 3119.5 Automatic Tank Fi
28、ll Valves 3129.6 Component Action Requirements 315iiiCONTENTSCH00_FM_i_x.pdf iii 10/30/13 7:48 AM2014 Water-Based Fire Protection Systems HandbookContents iv10 Water Spray Fixed Systems 32310.1 General 32410.2 Inspection and Maintenance Procedures 33110.3 Operational Tests 33910.4 Ultra-High-Speed W
29、ater Spray System (UHSWSS) Operational Tests 34310.5 Component Action Requirements 34311 Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems 34711.1 General 34811.2 Inspection 35211.3 Operational Tests 35811.4 Maintenance 36311.5 Component Action Requirements 36512 Water Mist Systems 37312.1 Inspection and Testing 37412.2
30、 Maintenance 39212.3 Training 39413 Valves, Valve Components, and Trim 39713.1 General 39713.2 General Provisions 40913.3 Control Valves in Water-Based Fire Protection Systems 41713.4 System Valves 42313.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves and Relief Valves 43713.6 Backflow Prevention Assemblies 44613.7 Fire
31、 Department Connections 44713.8 Component Testing Requirements 45114 Internal Piping Condition and Obstruction Investigation 47714.1 General 47714.2 Assessment of Internal Condition of Piping 47714.3 Obstruction Investigation and Prevention 48814.4 Ice Obstruction 49115 Impairments 49315.1 General 4
32、9315.2 Impairment Coordinator 49415.3 Tag Impairment System 49415.4 Impaired Equipment 49515.5 Preplanned Impairment Programs 49615.6 Emergency Impairments 49915.7 Restoring Systems to Service 50016 Special Requirements from Other NFPA Documents 50316.1 General 50316.2 Small Residential Board and Ca
33、re Occupancies 504ANNEXESA Explanatory Material 507B Forms for Testing, Inspection, and Maintenance 509C Possible Causes of Pump Troubles 511D Obstruction Investigation 519E Hazard Evaluation Form 539F Informational References 545PART TWOSupplements 5491 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Fir
34、e Sprinkler Systems 5512 Conducting Fire Pump Flow Tests 5633 ITM Roles and Responsibilities 5834 Role of the Inspector 5935 Role of the Owner or Designated Representative 6076 Role of the Authority Having Jurisdiction 6197 Fire Pump Field Data Collection and Analysis 6338 Technical/Substantive Chan
35、ges from the 2011 Edition to the 2014 Edition of NFPA 25 637Index 669Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers 679CH00_FM_i_x.pdf iv 10/30/13 7:48 AMvThe amount of data and the number of resources available to sprinkler system designers has never been greater. With the proper application of this infor
36、mation, along with the use of state-of-the-art equipment and system components, water-based fire protection system effective-ness and reliability continues to improve upon what is already considered to be a stellar track record. Even with this data and the latest products on the market, however, a s
37、ystem is only as effective as the inspection, testing, and maintenance (ITM) program that is used to keep it run-ning once a building is occupied. The standard of care for proper water-based fire protection system ITM execution is NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Wat
38、er-Based Fire Protection Systems. This standard is the foundation of the Water-Based Fire Protection Systems Handbook. In addition to the requirements of NFPA 25, this handbook contains commentary on why the requirements have been included in the standard and how they can be executed. Dispersed thro
39、ughout the handbook are several features intended to give the user additional information that will help them properly apply the standard. These recurring features include:FAQsCritical PointsCase In PointsITM Deficiency, Impairment, or Hazard Evaluation examplesTesting ProceduresSystem Tagging case
40、studiesThe frequently asked questions, or FAQ, feature is based on the questions most com-monly asked of the NFPA 25 staff. Each Critical Point feature highlights important informa-tion found in the commentary text. Several Case In Point boxes are also included throughout, to expand on material pres
41、ented in the commentary. This edition also includes a new feature ITM Deficiency, Impairment, or Hazard Evaluation. This feature provides examples to illustrate the differences between ITM-related field conditions that fall within the scope of NFPA 25 and items that are not considered to be “wear-an
42、d-tear” issues. Conditions that require a design evaluation are outside of the scope of the NFPA 25 standard and are not considered part of the NFPA 25 inspectors work. Know-ing when something should or should not be covered on an NFPA 25 inspection report can be critical, especially when it comes t
43、o liability.Another new feature in this handbook is the addition of testing procedures, which are provided at the end of most chapters, to discuss in detail what steps should be taken in order to properly test systems. These procedures are identified with a brief Testing Procedure Alert box within t
44、he chapter, alerting the reader that a more complete list of procedures can be found at the end of the chapter.While NFPA 25 identifies a myriad of tests that must be conducted in order to gain some assurance of system functionality, the standard does not provide processes and procedures for conduct
45、ing these tests. This is largely done because in a standard it is not possible to identify a singular approach to testing a system that could have been designed dozens of different ways depending on when it was built. It is also difficult to write a procedure where the resources available to the own
46、er, inspector, and AHJ will vary greatly from facility to facility. As such, NFPA 25 simply identifies the activity that must be performed and the frequency at which it must be performed. This handbook contains a new feature to fill in some of the gaps that can-not be addressed within a standard.The
47、se testing procedures outline potential processes and procedures for conducting many of the tests that are mandated by NFPA 25. It is important to note that these processes and PREFACECH00_FM_i_x.pdf v 11/8/13 12:08 PM2014 Water-Based Fire Protection Systems HandbookPrefaceviprocedures are not part
48、of NFPA 25. The actions identified and the steps provided in these procedures represent one approach to conducting a test required by this standard. In some instances, the procedures outlined in this handbook cannot be performed as described or it might not be appropriate to perform them based on th
49、e specific equipment that has been installed or the arrangement of the equipment.A System Tagging feature has also been added to this edition of the handbook to help readers identify field conditions that warrant action and determine the criticality of the situ-ation. Assigning criticality to the field conditions that are identified during inspections is a critical part of the ITM process. This new feature is intended to help readers understand what goes into the process of classifying deficiencies and impairments. The feature also examines various spec
