1、NFPA285 Standard Fire Test Method for Evaluation of Fire Propagation Characteristics of Exterior Non-Load-Bearing Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components 2012 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization Become a MemberSubscribe
2、to theRegister forSeminars, Webinars, and Online CoursesVisit theNFPA CatalogNOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA DOCUMENTS NFPAcodes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a cons
3、ensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on fire and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promot
4、e fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in NFPA Documents. The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whe
5、ther special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Documents. The NFPA also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Document
6、s available, the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or,
7、as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of NFPA Documents. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect
8、products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to the NFPA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ISBN: 978-145590293-4 (P
9、rint) ISBN: 978-145590359-7 (PDF) 12/11IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA DOCUMENTS IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA DOCUMENTS ADDITIONAL NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS Updating of NFPA Documents Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Docume
10、nts”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments. An official NFPA Document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together w
11、ith any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected through the issuance of Errata, consult appropriate NFPA publica
12、tions such as the National Fire Codes Subscription Service, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org, or contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Interpretations of NFPA Documents A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with Section 6 of the Regulations Governing Committ
13、ee Projects shall not be considered the official position of NFPA or any of its Committees and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Patents The NFPA does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights referenced in, related to, or as
14、serted in connection with an NFPA Document. The users of NFPA Documents bear the sole responsibility for determining the validity of any such patent rights, as well as the risk of infringement of such rights, and the NFPA disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use
15、of or reliance on NFPA Documents. NFPA adheres to the policy of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regarding the inclusion of patents in American National Standards (“the ANSI Patent Policy”), and hereby gives the following notice pursuant to that policy: NOTICE: The users attention is
16、 called to the possibility that compliance with an NFPA Document may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. NFPA takes no position as to the validity of any such patent rights or as to whether such patent rights constitute or include essential patent claims under the ANSI Patent Polic
17、y. If, in connection with the ANSI Patent Policy, a patent holder has filed a statement of willingness to grant licenses under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, copies of such filed statements can be obtained, on re
18、quest, from NFPA. For further information, contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Law and Regulations Users of NFPA Documents should consult applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. NFPA does not, by the publication of its codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides,
19、 intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights NFPA Documents are copyrighted by the NFPA. They are made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in law
20、s and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of safe practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the NFPA does not waive any rights in copyright to these documents. Use of NFPA D
21、ocuments for regulatory purposes should be accomplished through adoption by reference. The term “adoption by reference” means the citing of title, edition, and publishing information only. Any deletions, additions, and changes desired by the adopting authority should be noted separately in the adopt
22、ing instrument. In order to assist NFPA in following the uses made of its documents, adopting authorities are requested to notify the NFPA (Attention: Secretary, Standards Council) in writing of such use. For technical assistance and questions concerning adoption of NFPA Documents, contact NFPA at t
23、he address below. For Further Information All questions or other communications relating to NFPA Documents and all requests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standards development process, including information on the procedures for requesting Formal Interpretations, for pro
24、posing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing revisions to NFPA documents during regular revision cycles, should be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Secretary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02169-7471; email: stds_adminnf
25、pa.org For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. 12/11Copyright 2012 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA285Standard Fire Test Method for Evaluation of Fire PropagationCharacteristics of Exterior Non-Load-Bearing Wall AssembliesContaining Comb
26、ustible Components2012 EditionThis edition of NFPA 285, Standard Fire Test Method for Evaluation of Fire Propagation Charac-teristics of Exterior Non-Load-Bearing Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components, was pre-pared by the Technical Committee on Fire Tests. It was issued by the Standards
27、 Council onDecember 13, 2011, with an effective date of January 2, 2012, and supersedes all previouseditions.This edition of NFPA 285 was approved as an American National Standard on January 2, 2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 285The 1998 edition was the first for this standard. It established a
28、test method, developedthrough a consensus process, for determining the flammability characteristics of exteriornon-load-bearing wall assemblies or panels. The Committees intention was to establish astandard that could be adopted or referenced by other applicable documents, such as themodel building
29、codes. The standard was introduced to regulate and address the introductionof combustible materials into exterior walls of all construction types.The 2006 edition included a complete editorial rewrite for compliance with the Manual ofStyle forNFPATechnical Committee Documents. Further organizational
30、 and editorial changes weremade to improve the application of the test method, and the scope and purpose of thedocument were revised to clarify the documents intent. Technical changes addressed detailsabout the test specimen, documentation of the fire test, and testing instrumentation. Histori-cal i
31、nformation describing the development of NFPA 285 was also added as annex material.The 2012 edition includes organizational, editorial, and technical changes that addressclarifications and corrections of both requirements and figures. The changes provide consis-tency throughout the document and upda
32、te the standard to reflect current construction andtesting practices. Technical changes include new requirements, acceptance criteria, and dia-grams for thermocouple locations for new types of wall systems.2851NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fi
33、re Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.Technical Committee on Fire TestsWilliam E. Fitch, ChairPhyrefish Enterprises, Inc., FL SEFarid Alfawakhiri, American Iron and Steel Institute,IL MBarry L. Badders, Jr., Southwest Research Institute,TX RTJesse J. Beitel, Hughes Associates, Inc.,
34、 MD SEGordon H. Damant, Inter-City Testing a material that does not meet the definitionof noncombustible or limited-combustible. 5000, 20123.3.3* Exterior Wallcovering. A material or assembly of mate-rials applied on the exterior side of exterior walls for the pur-pose of providing a weather-resisti
35、ng barrier or insulation orfor aesthetics.3.3.4 Limited-Combustible (Material). Refers to a buildingconstruction material not complying with the definition of non-combustible material that, in the form in which it is used, has apotential heat value not exceeding 3500 Btu/lb (8141 kJ/kg),when tested
36、in accordance with NFPA 259, Standard Test Methodfor Potential Heat of Building Materials, and that includes either ofthe following: (1) materials having a structural base of noncom-bustible material, with a surfacing not exceeding a thickness of18 in. (3.2 mm) that has a flame spread index not grea
37、ter than 50;or (2) materials, in the form and thickness used, having neither aflame spread index greater than 25 nor evidence of continuedprogressive combustion, and of such composition that surfacesthat would be exposed by cutting through the material on anyplane would have neither a flame spread i
38、ndex greater than 25nor evidence of continued progressive combustion when testedin accordance with ASTM E 84, Standard Test Method of SurfaceBurning Characteristics of Building Materials, or ANSI/UL 723 Stan-dard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.90A, 20123.3.5 Nonco
39、mbustible Material. A material that, in the formin which it is used and under the conditions anticipated, willnot ignite, burn, support combustion, or release flammablevapors when subjected to fire or heat. Materials that are re-ported as passing ASTM E 136, StandardTest Method forBehaviorof Materia
40、ls in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C, shall be consid-ered noncombustible materials.3.3.6 Test Specimen. The exterior non-load-bearing wall as-sembly to be tested in accordance with this fire test method.Chapter 4 Test Facility and Apparatus4.1 Test Facility.4.1.1 The test apparatus described in Se
41、ction 4.2 shall belocated inside a test facility.4.1.2 The test facility shall have minimum dimensions of 30 ftwide 30 ft deep 23 ft high (9.1 m 9.1 m 7.0 m).4.1.3 The test facility shall have provisions for supplying com-bustion makeup air taken from the outside during the test.4.1.4 The test facil
42、ity shall be constructed to allow for the ex-haust of the combustion by-products during the test while notinducing an airflow on the exterior face of the test specimen.4.1.5 The test facility shall protect the test apparatus and testspecimen from exposure to wind and precipitation.4.2 Test Apparatus
43、.4.2.1 The test apparatus shall consist of a two-story structurehaving a height of 15 ft 8 in.1in.(4.8m25mm)with a testroom on each story.4.2.2 Each test room shall have unfinished inside dimensions of10 ft 0.5 in. wide 10 ft 0.5 in. deep (3.05m13mm3.05 m 13 mm) with an unfinished floor-to-ceiling h
44、eight of 7 ft 0.5 in. (2.13m13mm).4.2.3* The test apparatus shall be constructed in accordancewith Figure 4.2.3.4.2.4 The slabs shall be constructed of reinforced concrete.4.2.5 The upper two slabs shall be supported by steel col-umns designed to support the loads, and the columns shallnot be locate
45、d inside the test rooms.4.2.6 The thickness of the concrete slabs shall be as follows:(1) The first-story slab shall be not less than 6 in. (152 mm)thick.(2) The second-story slab shall be 8 in. 0.5 in. (203 mm 13 mm) thick.(3) The top slab shall be not less than 6 in. (152 mm) thick.4.2.7 The three
46、 permanent walls (one rear wall and two sidewalls) that form each test room shall be constructed of nomi-nal 8 in. (203 mm) concrete block or equivalent construction.2855TEST FACILITY AND APPARATUS2012 Edition4.2.8 The interior surfaces of the first-story test room shall beprotected as follows:(1) T
47、he walls and ceiling shall be covered with one layer ofnominal58 in. (16 mm) thick Type X gypsum wallboardconforming to ASTM C 1396/C 1396M, Specification forGypsum Board, and one layer of nominal 1.5 in. (38 mm)thick nominal 8 lb/ft3(128 kg/m3) density ceramic fiberinsulation on the interior face.(
48、2) The slab shall be covered with two layers of nominal58 in.(16 mm) thick gypsum wallboard.4.2.9 Insulation shall not be required in the second-story testroom.4.2.10 Each story shall have one access opening approxi-mately 3.5 ft wide 6.75 ft high (1.1 m 2.1 m).4.2.11 The first-story access opening
49、shall be located in oneof the side walls, and the second-story access opening shall belocated in the rear wall of the test room.4.2.12 The access door opening for the first-story test roomshall be capable of being closed during the fire test.4.2.13 Additional access openings shall be permitted in thesecond-story test room walls for instrumentation and video re-cording.4.3 Movable Test Frame.4.3.1 The movable test frame shall comply with 4.3.1.1through 4.3.1.3.4.3.1.1 The frame
