1、NFPA306 Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels 2014 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization Copyright 2013 National Fire ProtectionAssociation.All Rights Reserved.NFPA306Standard for theControl of Gas Hazards on Vessels20
2、14 EditionThis edition of NFPA306, Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels, was prepared bythe Technical Committee on Gas Hazards. It was issued by the Standards Council on May 28,2013, with an effective date of June 17, 2013, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 306
3、was approved as an American National Standard on June 17,2013.Origin and Development of NFPA 306The original standard on this subject was developed by the NFPA Committee on MarineFire Hazards in 1922 in cooperation with the NFPACommittee on Flammable Liquids. It wasadopted by the Association and pub
4、lished as Appendix A of the “Regulations GoverningMarine Fire Hazards.” Further editions with minor changes were published in 1923, 1926,and 1930. In 1947, a completely revised standard was prepared by a joint committee of theAmerican Bureau of Shipping and the National Fire ProtectionAssociation.Ar
5、evised editionwas developed by the NFPA Sectional Committee on Gas Hazards, approved by the Commit-tee on Marine Fire Protection, adopted in 1962, and amended in 1963, 1969, 1971, 1972,1975, 1980, and 1984.In 1988, a complete revision was prepared by the Committee. It added a new safety designa-tion
6、, a safe condition for vessels in lay-up, and a section on military unique vessels. Chapters 2, 3,and 4 were restructured to present the sequence for obtaining a Marine Chemist Certificate.The 1993 edition contained amendments to the 1988 edition.The 1997 edition, which marked the 75th year for thes
7、e requirements, incorporated a newstandard safety designation that reflected a common approach to an industry practice. Thatnew designation was also supported by other changes to the document, including expandedinspection of vessel piping systems.The 2001 edition incorporated a revised standard safe
8、ty designation, and several changesthat reflect safe, commonly used industry practices. Several new definitions were also in-cluded. For the first time in this document, the well-established relationship between theMarine Chemist and the competent person (as defined by U.S. Department of Labor, Occu
9、-pational Safety and Health Administration regulations), and the frequency of retesting con-fined spaces, was provided.The 2003 edition was completed on an expedited schedule to further revise requirementsin the standard that must complement those shipyard safety requirements defined by OSHA.The Com
10、mittee clarified the standard and the Marine Chemist role by further defining theatmospheric hazards associated with safe entry and hot work as the standards primary focus.The standard also clarified the intent for defining “permissible concentrations,” by statingthat the most conservative value for
11、 the various exposure limits should always be used.The 2009 edition included changes to several definitions within the standard. The termvessel was expanded to apply to special purpose floating structures such as offshore drilling,production, and/or storage vessels. Definitions for contract employer
12、, host employer, and multi-employer workplace were added to the standard. The Committee amended the definition ofadjacent spaces to include areas affected by hot work and also clarified requirements for testingand inspecting spaces adjacent to hot work operations. The Committee also made severalrevi
13、sionstotherequirementsforobtainingaMarineChemistCertificateandmaintainingtheconditions on the Certificate.3061NFPAand National Fire ProtectionAssociation are registered trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.For the 2014 edition, the Technical Committee on
14、 Gas Hazards has reorganized the requirements to reflect theactual work process that is involved when a marine vessel goes from normal operating status to the point where aMarine Chemists Certificate is obtained and repair work can begin. Over the years, Marine Chemists have becomerecognized experts
15、 in fire prevention during vessel repairs, which has led to repair contractors calling upon them toprovide services or consultation for areas and spaces on a vessel where the chemist is not necessarily required by eitherOSHA or U.S. Coast Guard regulations. Those consultations can include tests and
16、inspections in accommodationareas, storage spaces, and auxiliary equipment rooms. New provisions have been added that address this evolution ofthe NFPA Certificated Marine Chemists role in ship repair. In addition, the Technical Committee has established amaximum acceptable concentration of combusti
17、ble or flammable gas of less than 10 percent of the lower explosivelimit (LEL) in all spaces adjacent to hot work, and incorporated information from an OSHAcompliance directive forcargo, passenger, and miscellaneous vessels explaining that a Marine Chemists Certificate is necessary any time hotwork
18、is closer than 7.6 m (25 ft) to an adjacent tank that contains a liquid with a flashpoint at or below 65.6C (150F).The 2014 edition also provides new explanatory material inAnnexAabout how frequently a space must be checked bythe shipyards competent person after a certificate has been posted. This g
19、uidance stresses the importance of main-taining safe conditions within confined spaces and provides minimum re-inspection and testing criteria to achieve thisobjective.3062 CONTROL OF GAS HAZARDS ON VESSELS2014 EditionTechnical Committee on Gas HazardsJames R. Thornton, ChairNewport News Shipbuildin
20、g, VAURobert V. Albert, U.S. Department of the Navy, NH ELeslie Blaize, Belay Incorporated, OR SERep. Marine ChemistAssociation, Inc.Thomas Cinko, U.S. Coast Guard, DC EJoseph J. Cox, Chamber of Shipping ofAmerica, DC SELouis A. Donsbach, Jr., U.S. Steel Corporation, IN UJason A. Fox, MSA, PAMRep. I
21、nternational Safety EquipmentAssociationPatrick O. Killeen, Signal International, Inc., MS URep. Shipbuilders Council ofAmericaPaul Manzi, BP Shipping Ltd., United Kingdom MRep.American Petroleum InstituteDonald V. Raffo, General Dynamics, Electric BoatCorporation, CT URichard J. Raksnis, CHEMTREC,
22、VASEJoseph A. Riva, American Bureau of Shipping, TX EJohn W. Sansing, Kirby Inland Marine, LP, TX URep.American Waterways OperatorsAmy A. Wangdahl, U.S. Department of Labor, DC EEdward J. Willwerth, Marine ChemistAssociation, Inc.,MASERep. Marine ChemistAssociation, Inc.AlternatesJohn T. Bell, Marin
23、e Inspection Services Inc., TX SE(Alt. to E. J. Willwerth)Gregory G. Grondin, Bath Iron Works Corporation,ME SE(Alt. to L. Blaize)Karen M. Haase, American Petroleum Institute, DC M(Alt. to P. Manzi)Don Noyes, Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA)Headquarters, DC E(Alt. to R. V.Albert)Lawrence Russell,
24、NFPAStaff LiaisonThis list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time,changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.NOTE:Membershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfco
25、nstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationorany document developed by the committee on which the member serves.CommitteeScope:This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the prevention of fireand explosion of flammable vapors in compartments or in spaces on board vessels and within
26、shipyards andon the conditions that must exist in those compartments or spaces in order that workers can safely enterthem and perform work.3063COMMITTEE PERSONNEL2014 EditionContentsChapter 1 Administration . 30651.1 Scope 30651.2 Purpose . 30651.3 Emergency Exception . 30651.4 Governmental Regulati
27、ons . 3065Chapter 2 Referenced Publications . 30652.1 General 30652.2 NFPAPublications 30652.3 Other Publications . 30662.4 References for Extracts in MandatorySections . 3066Chapter 3 Definitions 30663.1 General 30663.2 NFPAOfficial Definitions . 30663.3 General Definitions 30663.4 Repair Classific
28、ations 30673.5 Flammable Cryogenic Liquid Carriers . 3067Chapter 4 Vessels Required to Have MarineChemists Certificate . 30674.1 Tank Vessels 30674.2 Vessels Other Than Tank Vessels 30674.3 Military Unique Vessels (i.e., U.S. Navy,Coast Guard,Army) 30674.4 Vessels in Lay-Up 30684.5 Vessels Carrying
29、Flammable CompressedGas . 30684.6 Obtaining the Marine ChemistsCertificate . 3068Chapter 5 Preparing Vessels by the VesselOwner, Operator, or Repairer,for Issuance of a MarineChemists Certificate InvolvingHot Work 30685.1 Where a Safe Condition Is to BeObtained Entirely by Cleaning 30685.2 Where a S
30、afe Condition Is to BeObtained by Both Cleaning andInerting or Entirely by Inerting . 30685.3 Where a Safe Condition Is to BeObtained by Cleaning CertainCompartments and by Securing theOther Compartments 30695.4 Where a Safe Condition Is to BeObtained by Cleaning SomeCompartments, by Inerting SomeCo
31、mpartments, and by SecuringSome Compartments 30695.5 Cargo Heater Coils . 30695.6 Electric Welding Operations . 30695.7 Requirements for Use of a DesignatedBerthingArea for Cleaning, GasFreeing, or Inerting 30695.8 Vessel Fuel Oil Tanks . 3069Chapter 6 Procedures for the Marine ChemistPrior to Issua
32、nce of a Certificate 30696.1 Calibration and Function Verification . 30696.2 Determination of Conditions 3069Chapter 7 Standard Safety Designations andConditions Required . 306107.1 General 30610Chapter 8 The Marine Chemists Certificate . 306128.1 Preparation of Certificates 306128.2 Issuance of Cer
33、tificates 306128.3 Obtaining the Marine ChemistsCertificate 306128.4 Maintaining the Responsibility forConditions 30612Chapter 9 Additional Requirements forFlammable Cryogenic LiquidCarriers 306129.1 Scope 306129.2 Definitions 306139.3 Minimum Requirements 306139.4 Minimum Conditions 30613Annex A Ex
34、planatory Material . 30613Annex B Examples of Safe Conditions 30616Annex C Samples of Marine ChemistsCertificates . 30616Annex D Guidance to Vessel Owners andOperators When Hot Work and/orEnclosed/Confined Space Entry IsConducted on a Vessel at Sea anda Marine Chemist Is Not Required . 30619Annex E
35、Limiting Oxidant Concentrations . 30619Annex F Informational References . 30622Index . 306243064 CONTROL OF GAS HAZARDS ON VESSELS2014 EditionNFPA 306Standard for theControl of Gas Hazards on Vessels2014 EditionIMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made available foruse subject to important notices
36、and legal disclaimers. These noticesand disclaimers appear in all publications containing this documentand may be found under the heading “Important Notices and Dis-claimers Concerning NFPA Documents.” They can also be obtainedon request from NFPA or viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NOTICE: An ast
37、erisk (*) following the number or letterdesignating a paragraph indicates that explanatory materialon the paragraph can be found inAnnexA.Changes other than editorial are indicated by a vertical rulebeside the paragraph, table, or figure in which the change oc-curred. These rules are included as an
38、aid to the user in identify-ing changes from the previous edition.Where one or more com-plete paragraphs have been deleted, the deletion is indicated bya bullet ( ) between the paragraphs that remain.Areference in brackets following a section or paragraphindicates material that has been extracted fr
39、om another NFPAdocument.Asanaidtotheuser,thecompletetitleandeditionof the source documents for extracts in mandatory sections ofthe document are given in Chapter 2 and those for extracts ininformational sections are given in Annex F. Extracted textmay be edited for consistency and style and may incl
40、ude therevision of internal paragraph references and other refer-ences as appropriate. Requests for interpretations or revisionsof extracted text shall be sent to the technical committee re-sponsible for the source document.Information on referenced publications can be found inChapter 2 andAnnex F.C
41、hapter 1 Administration1.1 Scope.1.1.1 This standard applies to vessels that carry or burn asfuel, flammable or combustible liquids. It also applies to ves-sels that carry or have carried flammable compressed gases,flammablecryogenicliquids,chemicalsinbulk,orotherprod-ucts capable of creating a haza
42、rdous condition.1.1.2 This standard describes the conditions required beforea space can be entered or work can be started, continued, orstarted and continued on any vessel under construction, alter-ation, or repair, or on any vessel awaiting shipbreaking.1.1.3 This standard applies to cold work, app
43、lication or re-moval of protective coatings, and work involving riveting,welding, burning, or similar fire-producing operations.1.1.4 This standard applies to vessels while in the UnitedStates, its territories and possessions, both within and outsideof yards for ship construction, ship alteration, s
44、hip repair, orshipbreaking.1.1.5 This standard applies specifically to those spaces on ves-sels that are subject to concentrations of combustible, flam-mable, and toxic liquids, vapors, gases, and chemicals asherein described. This standard is also applicable to thosespaces on vessels that might not
45、 contain sufficient oxygen topermit safe entry.1.1.5.1 When requested, the Marine Chemist shall apply thisstandard to other spaces to ensure and promote safe workingconditions.1.1.6 This standard applies to land-side confined spaces,whether stationary or mobile; underground and abovegroundstorage ta
46、nks; other hollow structures throughout a shipyardsuch as tank trucks, railroad tank cars, power plant fuel tanks,storage tanks, dip and laundry tanks, vaults, tunnels; or otherspaces that could contain dangerous atmospheres locatedwithin the boundaries of a shipyard or ship repair facility.1.1.7 Th
47、is standard applies to Marine Chemists performingactivities related to inspection and certification proceduresdescribed in this standard and consulting services connectedtherewith on board any vessel.1.1.8* This standard does not apply to physical hazards oftanks and confined or enclosed spaces on a
48、 vessel or vesselsections, or in the shipyard. For the purposes of this standard,physical hazards do not include fire and explosion hazards.1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide mini-mum requirements and conditions for use in determiningthat a space or area on a vessel, or in a shi
49、pyard or ship repairfacility, is safe for entry or work.1.3* Emergency Exception. Nothing in this standard shall beconstrued as prohibiting the Marine Chemist from allowingthe immediate drydocking or emergency repair of a vesselwhose safety is imperiled or that presents the potential of aserious release, discharge, or disbursement into the environ-ment of combustible, flammable, or toxic liquids, vapors,gases, or solid chemicals (the vessel is sinking or is seriouslydamaged), m
