1、NFPA55Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code Handbook 201055NFPA,1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, USAAn International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471An International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA55Compressed Gases andAnnotated by
2、 Paul MayCryogenic Fluids CodeHandbook 2010Copyright 2012National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471 All rights reserved. About this Handbook EditionThis PDF contains the complete 2010 edition of NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code annot
3、ated to assist the readers understanding of the standards language and the intent behind it. The annotations are not part of the NFPA Standard but provide a valuable commen-tary reflecting the views, explanations, and insights of authors and contributors selected by the NFPA based on their knowledge
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5、to navigate to corresponding annotations. Click on the hyperlinked annotative standard section number 1.1 to return to previous standard section.*Please note, only the sections featuring icons contain annotations.For longer blocks of annotations, it is recommended that you enable the back arrow func
6、tional-ity in Acrobats page navigation menu, which will also allow you to return to the previous stan-dard section.How to Ensure You Have the Most Up-to-date Version of the NFPA StandardThe NFPA Standard, in the edition contained herein, is current as of the effective date des-ignated at the time th
7、e standard was issued 2010. This (ANDBOOK Edition does not, however, include errata, tentative interim amendments (TIAs), or formal interpretations (FIs) that may have been issued after the effective date. For all errata, TIAs, or FIs that may have been issued since the effective date, or for any ne
8、w editions that may have superseded this edition, please visit the “Document Information pages” link for the relevant NFPA Standard located in the “Codes email: stds_adminnfpa.orgFor more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING THE
9、 (!.$“/+ EDITIONNotice and Disclaimer Concerning LiabilityNotice Concerning Interpretations Contained in the AnnotationsISBN: 978-1455904020Publication of this (ANDBOOKEdition is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related s
10、ubjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this (ANDBOOKEdition guarantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connec-tion with the information and opinions contained in this (ANDBOOK%dition. The NFPA and
11、 thecontributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this (ANDBOOK EditioNThis (ANDBOOK Edi
12、tion is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribu-tors to this (ANDBOOK Edition are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should
13、 be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), includ-ing the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition, are made available for usesubject to Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Documents, which are sepa-rately bookmarked and vie
14、wable in this (ANDBOOKEdition, and which can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition are developed in accordancewith the published procedures of the
15、 NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. In this (ANDBOOKEdition the text of the NFPADocument is accompanied with annotations providing explanation and commentary on the meaning and intent of the Document. The annotations contained in this
16、 (ANDBOOK Edition are not a part of the NFPA Document and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The annotations, therefore, solely r
17、eflect the personal opinions of the author or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.Copyright 2009 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA55Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code2010 EditionThis ed
18、ition of NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code, was prepared by theTechnical Committee on Industrial and Medical Gases. It was issued by the Standards Councilon May 26, 2009, with an effective date of June 15, 2009, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 55 was appro
19、ved as an American National Standard on June 15, 2009.Origin and Development of NFPA 55NFPA 55 was developed by the Industrial and Medical Gases Committee in recognition ofthe need to provide information on the use of cylinder gases in one standard. The Com-pressed Gas Association assisted the proje
20、ct by submitting a draft that was used as the frame-work for the standard.NFPA 55 supersedes NFPA 43C, Code for the Storage of Gaseous Oxidizing Materials, which wasdeveloped by the Committee on Hazardous Chemicals and transferred to the Industrial andMedical Gases Committee. The committee believed
21、that one standard covering storage of all gascylinders was needed and, with the new NFPA 55, the need for NFPA 43C no longer existed.Since this standard was introduced in 1993, it has been widely used and accepted by usersof different types of gases as a single source covering requirements for insta
22、llation and usageof gases in portable cylinders. The 1998 edition clarified many requirements and providedadditional advisory information to assist the users of the standard. Editorial changes were alsoincorporated for clarity.The 2003 edition of NFPA 55 was a complete revision of the document that
23、significantlyexpanded the document scope and introduced requirements for areas not addressed inprevious editions. For example, the 1998 edition covered only compressed and liquefiedgases in portable cylinders and only at consumer (user) locations; the 2003 edition coveredthe use of compressed and li
24、quefied gases in portable and stationary containers and at manu-facturer sites and consumer sites. This expansion to manufacturer sites took a large portion ofgas usage that was outside the scope of NFPA 55 and placed it under NFPA 55.There were many new subjects and requirements in the 2003 edition
25、, including the following:(1) Requirements for cryogenic fluids(2) Use of the concept of control areas for defining storage amounts and requirements(3) An expanded classification scheme to cover a greater range of gaseous materials(4) Specifications for a Hazardous Materials Management Plan(5) Requi
26、rements for treating waste gases(6) More detailed requirements in many of the areas than the 1998 edition of NFPA 55 coveredThe 2003 edition was also restructured to comply with the Manual of Style for NFPA TechnicalCommittee Documents.The 2005 edition of NFPA 55 was a complete revision of the docum
27、ent. The following weresome of the significant changes to the document:(1) Incorporation of the requirements of NFPA 50, Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Con-sumer Sites, into Chapter 9(2) Incorporation of the requirements of NFPA 50A, Standard for Gaseous Hydrogen Systems atConsumer Sites, into
28、Chapter 10(3) Incorporation of NFPA 50B, Standard for Liquefied Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites, intoChapter 11(4) Clarification of threshold storage requirements in Chapters 6 and 7(5) Clarification of the separation distance tables formerly in NFPA 50, NFPA 50A, andNFPA 50B, and now in Chapters
29、 911(6) Schematic drawings added to annex material to illustrate system siting requirements inChapters 9 and 11551NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.The 2010 edition of NFPA 55 includes a ch
30、ange in the documents title, from a standard to a code. The following aresome of the significant changes to the document in this edition:(1) Incorporation of the requirements of NFPA 560, Standard for the Storage, Handling, and Use of Ethylene Oxide forSterilization and Fumigation, into Chapter 14(2
31、) Updated separation distances to exposure from gaseous hydrogen systems based upon new research(3) Incorporation of the requirements on medical bulk oxygen systems from NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facili-ties, based on joint task group recommendations(4) Addition of a new chapter, Chapter 12,
32、 on gas generation systems(5) Addition of a new chapter, Chapter 13, on insulated liquid carbon dioxide systems552 COMPRESSED GASES AND CRYOGENIC FLUIDS CODE2010 EditionTechnical Committee on Industrial and Medical GasesMichael W. St. Clair, ChairOstrander, OH URep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection S
33、ectionWilliam J. Satterfield, III, SecretaryHydrogen Safety, LLC/Rode the installation of associated storage, piping, and distribution equipment; and operating practices.The Committee also has a technical responsibility for contributions in the same areas for medical gases andclean rooms.553COMMITTE
34、E PERSONNEL2010 EditionContentsChapter 1 Administration . 5561.1 Scope . 5561.2 Purpose 5561.3 Application 5561.4 Retroactivity . 5561.5 Equivalency . 5561.6 Units and Formulas . 5561.7 Enforcement 557Chapter 2 Referenced Publications . 5572.1 General . 5572.2 NFPA Publications . 5572.3 Other Public
35、ations 5572.4 References for Extracts in MandatorySections 558Chapter 3 Definitions 5583.1 General . 5583.2 NFPA Official Definitions 5583.3 General Definitions . 558Chapter 4 General Requirements . 55124.1 Permits . 55124.2 Emergency Plan 55124.3 Facility Closure . 55134.4 Out-of-Service Stationary
36、 Bulk GasSystems . 55134.5 Management Plan and HazardousMaterials Documentation 55134.6 Release of Hazardous Materials 55134.7 Personnel Training 55144.8 Fire Department Liaison . 55144.9 Ignition Source Controls . 55144.10 Signs 55144.11 Protection from Vehicular Damage 5514Chapter 5 Classification
37、 of Hazards 55155.1 Hazardous Materials Classification 5515Chapter 6 Building-Related Controls . 55156.1 General . 55156.2 Control Areas . 55156.3 Occupancy Protection Levels . 55156.4 Gas Rooms . 55176.5 Detached Buildings . 55176.6 Electrical Equipment . 55176.7 Employee Alarm System 55176.8 Explo
38、sion Control . 55176.9 Fire Protection Systems . 55186.10 Lighting 55186.11 Hazard Identification Signs . 55186.12 Spill Control, Drainage, andSecondary Containment . 55186.13 Shelving 55186.14 Vent Pipe Termination . 55186.15 Ventilation . 55186.16 Gas Cabinets 55196.17 Exhausted Enclosures 55196.1
39、8 Source Valve . 5519Chapter 7 Compressed Gases 55197.1 General . 55197.2 Storage . 55247.3 Use and Handling . 55247.4 Medical Gas Systems 55257.5 Corrosive Gases 55257.6 Flammable Gases 55267.7 Oxidizing Gases 55277.8 Pyrophoric Gases 55277.9 Toxic and Highly Toxic Gases 55277.10 Unstable Reactive
40、Gases(Nondetonable) . 5530Chapter 8 Cryogenic Fluids . 55318.1 General . 55318.2 Containers Design, Construction,and Maintenance 55318.3 Pressure Relief Vent Piping 55328.4 Marking 55328.5 Medical Cryogenic Systems 55338.6 Security . 55338.7 Separation from HazardousConditions . 55348.8 Electrical W
41、iring and Equipment 55358.9 Service and Repair . 55358.10 Unauthorized Use . 55358.11 Leaks, Damage, and Corrosion . 55358.12 Lighting 55358.13 Storage . 55358.14 Use and Handling . 5536Chapter 9 Bulk Oxygen Systems . 55379.1 General . 55379.2 Materials of Construction 55379.3 Location of Bulk Oxyge
42、n Systems . 55389.4 System Fabrication 5539Chapter 10 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems . 553910.1 Applicability . 553910.2 Design of Gaseous Hydrogen Systems 553910.3 Location of Gaseous HydrogenSystems . 554010.4 Design Requirements at SpecificLocations 554510.5 Operation and Maintenance 554710.6 Fire Prot
43、ection . 554710.7 Cargo Transport Unloading . 554710.8 Compression and ProcessingEquipment 5547554 COMPRESSED GASES AND CRYOGENIC FLUIDS CODE2010 EditionChapter 11 Liquefied Hydrogen Systems 554811.1 General . 554811.2 Design of Liquefied Hydrogen Systems . 554811.3 Location of Liquefied HydrogenSys
44、tems . 554911.4 Design Considerations at SpecificLocations 555111.5 Cargo Transport Unloading . 5552Chapter 12 Gas Generation Systems 555312.1 General . 555312.2 Corrosive Gases. (Reserved) 555312.3 Flammable Gases Gaseous . 555312.4 Flammable Gases Cryogenic.(Reserved) . 555612.5 Oxidizing Gases. (
45、Reserved) 555612.6 Other Gases. (Reserved) . 555612.7 Pyrophoric Gases. (Reserved) 555612.8 Toxic and Highly Toxic Gases.(Reserved) . 555612.9 Unstable Reactive Gases. (Reserved) 5556Chapter 13 Insulated Liquid Carbon DioxideSystems . 555713.1 General . 555713.2 Small Insulated Liquid CarbonDioxide
46、Indoor Systems 555713.3 Small Insulated Liquid CarbonDioxide Outdoor Systems 555713.4 Large Indoor Insulated Liquid CarbonDioxide Systems. (Reserved) 555813.5 Large Outdoor Insulated LiquidCarbon Dioxide Systems.(Reserved) . 5558Chapter 14 Storage, Handling, and Use ofEthylene Oxide for Sterilizatio
47、nand Fumigation . 555814.1 General . 555814.2 Receiving and Unloading EthyleneOxide Containers 555814.3 Storage of Ethylene Oxide . 555814.4 Piping Systems 555814.5 Gas Dispensing Areas . 555914.6 Operations 556014.7 Electrical Installation . 556014.8 Sterilizer Construction . 556014.9 Disposal and
48、Emissions . 556114.10 Maintenance 556114.11 Construction 556114.12 Fire Protection . 5562Annex A Explanatory Material . 5562Annex B Attended Operations . 5579Annex C Physical Properties of Hydrogen 5580Annex D Significant Properties of EthyleneOxide 5580Annex E Determination of SeparationDistances f
49、or Bulk GaseousHydrogen Systems . 5582Annex F Sample Ordinance Adopting NFPA 55 5599Annex G OSHA Requirements for HydrogenSystems 5599Annex H Informational References 55107Index . 55109555CONTENTS2010 EditionNFPA 55Compressed Gases and Cryogenic FluidsCode2010 EditionIMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made
