1、 *0!.*0%+*(0* . %)!.%*0%+*(0* . %! 0* . NSF/ANSI $2 SSI “%“ materials classified as hazardous substances (such as carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens); asbestos and asbestos containing materials; wood; enamelware; porcelain; leather; uncoated aluminum and aluminum alloys; uncoated anodized aluminu
2、m and aluminum alloys; or glass.4.1.2 PaintPaint shall not be used on product contact surfaces. Parts removable for cleaning having both product contact and non-product contact surfaces shall not be painted.4.2 Product contact surfacesIn addition to the general requirements (see 4.1), materials used
3、 for product contact surfaces shall: be corrosion resistant to both product and cleaning/sanitization materials; be non-toxic; not contaminate or otherwise have any adverse effect on the product; be non-absorbent (except where technically or functionally unavoidable); or be temperature resistant to
4、processing and heat treatments where necessary (e.g., freezing, heat-sterilization).4.2.1 Metals4.2.1.1 Product contact surfaces shall be: AISI 300 series stainless steel; or 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 20145 when necessary, stainless steel that has been hardened by heat treatment or precipita
5、tion hardening, including Martensitic stainless steel; or other alloys which can be shown to be as corrosion resistant as austenitic stainless steel; or other metals and metal alloys (including solder) suitable for the conditions of intended use (see annex B).4.2.1.2 Copper and copper alloys, bronze
6、, brass, and zinc galvanizing shall not be used for product contact surfaces. These materials may be used in supply air and supply water lines or for gears and bushings used in non-product surfaces. 4.2.1.3 Surface coatings and platings may be used if the base material is non-toxic. Non-metallic coa
7、tings shall meet the requirements of 4.2.2.4.2.2 Non-metalsProduct contact surfaces shall be manufactured from or composed of substances that: may not reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, in their becoming a component of food, or otherwise affecting the characteristics of food,
8、including the imparting of a color, taste, or odor to food; or are generally recognized as safe or have received prior sanction for their intended use; or are regulated as indirect food additives under the provisions of 21 CFR, parts 174-189; or are exempt from regulation as food additives under the
9、 provisions of the 21 CFR, part 170.39; or can be demonstrated to be safe for the intended use, subject to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, Section 409(h)(1) 21 U.S.C. 348(h)(1), Premarket Notification.4.2.2.1 Elastomers and polymers having product contact surfaces shall be of such composition as t
10、o retain their surface and conformational characteristics when exposed to the conditions encountered in the environment of intended use and in cleaning and sanitization or sterilization.4.2.2.2 Adhesives and the bonds created by their use shall be compatible with the surfaces, products, and cleaning
11、/sanitizing materials in which they are in contact. All bonds shall be continuous and mechanically sound so that the adhesives do not separate from the base materials to which they are bonded.4.2.2.3 Where materials having certain inherent functional purposes are required for specific application, p
12、roduct contact surfaces may be made of these materials (e.g., carbon, sapphire, quartz, fluorspar, spinel, ceramic materials).4.2.2.4 Gaskets, O-rings, etc., shall be non-toxic, non-porous, non-absorbent, and unaffected by food products.4.3 Non-product contact surfacesIn addition to the general requ
13、irements (see 4.1), materials used for non-product contact surfaces, (including splash areas) under the conditions of intended use, shall: be of corrosion resistant material or material that is treated (e.g., coating, painting) so as to be corrosion resistant to both product and cleaning/sanitizing
14、materials. When coated, the coating shall adhere; be non-absorbent; and 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 20146 not contaminate or otherwise have any adverse effect on the product.Parts removable for cleaning having both product contact and non-product contact surfaces shall be designed to ensure th
15、at hygiene risks are eliminated in accordance with the requirements for product contact surfaces.5 Design and construction5.1 Product contact surfacesThe following criteria apply to all product contact surfaces.5.1.1 Surface textureSurfaces shall be free of imperfections such as pits, folds, cracks,
16、 and crevices. Surface textures shall have a maximum Raof 32 in (0.81 m). When necessary, due to functional needs, the following may be used: glass-beaded or shot-peened surfaces with a maximum Raof 125 in (3.2 m); coatings with a maximum Raof 200 in (5.0 m); or machined plastics with a maximum Raof
17、 125 in (3.2 m).NOTE The 2B mill finish on stainless steel sheet is also considered as smooth or smoother than a No. 4 finish. No further finishing is required if the finish is free of defects, such as pits, scratches, chips, or flakes in the final fabricated form. Belts are exempt from surface text
18、ure requirements. Belts (flat, modular, link, or wire) shall meet the requirements of 5.1.2.5.1.2 Cleaning and inspectionSurfaces shall be cleanable. For mechanical belt conveyors intended to be disassembled, the design shall ensure that product contact surfaces are easily accessible for cleaning an
19、d inspection, and the demountable parts shall be easily removable. Alternatively, mechanical belt conveyors designed to be cleaned in place shall be designed so that product contact surfaces and all non-removed appurtenances thereto can be mechanically cleaned and are easily accessible and easily re
20、movable for inspection.5.1.3 Disinfection and sanitizationWhere appropriate, mechanical belt conveyors shall be designed such that surfaces can attain the required disinfection or sanitization conditions.5.1.4 Microbial ingressWhere appropriate (e.g., aseptic process), mechanical belt conveyors shal
21、l be designed to prevent microorganisms migrating from the external environment onto product contact surfaces, either directly or via soils.5.1.5 DrainingSurfaces of mechanical belt conveyors shall be self draining or drainable. Equipment that uses a single pass water flush shall have a drain that d
22、irects water to a non-product contact area. 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 201475.1.6 Dead spacesThere shall be no dead spaces.5.1.7 Joints5.1.7.1 Permanent metal-to-metal joints shall be continuously welded. Jointed surfaces shall be flush.5.1.7.2 Dismountable/removable joints shall be flush and
23、 sealed at the product contact surface.5.1.7.3 Only in cases where welding or bonding is impractical, silver soldering, press-fitting, or shrink-fittings, may be employed where necessary for essential functional reasons.5.1.7.4 Welding, press-fitting, shrink-fitting, or soldering shall produce produ
24、ct contact surfaces with a smooth finish free of imperfections such as pits, fold, inclusions, cracks, and crevices.5.1.7.5 Belts (flat, modular, link, or wire) are exempt from the requirements of 5.1.7.1 through 5.1.7.4. Belts shall meet the requirements of 6.5.1.8 CoatingsCoatings shall be free fr
25、om surface delamination, pitting, flaking, spalling, blistering, and distortion. Surface coatings and platings must remain intact. Surface coatings shall not crack or peel. Coatings and platings shall not be used on product contact surfaces that are not inspectable. Paint shall not be used on produc
26、t contact surfaces or on parts having both product contact and non-product contact surfaces. 5.1.9 Internal angles, corners and groovesInternal corners and angles of less than 135 in product contact areas shall have a smooth and continuous UDGLXVRILQ LQPP RUJUHDWHU/HVVHUUDGLLPDE HXVHGIRUQHFHVVDUIXQF
27、WLRQDOreasons or to facilitate drainage provided these areas can be readily cleaned. The radii shall not be less than 1/32in (0.031 in, 0.79 mm) except that the radius intersection of press fits, shrink fits, and flat-sealing surfaces may be zero.Internal, three-plane intersections shall have a radi
28、us of in (0.25 in, 6.4 mm) or greater.Grooves, where used, shall be wider than their depth.5.1.9.1 Belts (flat, modular, link, or wire) are exempt from the requirements of 5.1.9. Belts shall meet the requirements of 6.5.1.10 Seals, gaskets, O-ringsSeals, gaskets, and O-rings shall be designed to min
29、imize product contact and be cleanable.Thermal expansion and contraction shall be considered during design. Compression of rubber or plastic parts shall not adversely affect cleanability.5.1.11 FastenersFasteners (e.g., screws, bolts, rivets) shall be avoided. Where technically unavoidable, fastener
30、s shall be cleanable. There shall be no exposed screw threads or recesses. Roller-type chain may use rivet fasteners, provided they are cleanable. 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 20148Threads which may become product contact surfaces during dismantling operations should be designed to be cleanable
31、, such as ACME 60 Stub, or equal, with not more than 14 threads per inch and a with a major diameter of not less than 5/16in (0.31 in, 7.9 mm).5.1.12 Sprockets, rollers, and pulleys5.1.12.1 Where sprockets are required, they and their means of attachment shall be hygienic in design. Hygienic design
32、may be demonstrated by meeting the requirements of 6.5.1.12.2 Internally driven rollers or pulleys shall be sealed to comply with 5.1.18.5.1.12.3 Hollow rollers shall be fabricated of metal with continuously welded seams and no openings into the hollow area.5.1.13 Shafts and bearings5.1.13.1 Where s
33、haft seals are required, they shall be hygienic in design (i.e., packless) and shall be easily accessible for cleaning, sanitizing, and inspection.5.1.13.2 Where a shaft passes through a product contact surface, the portion of the opening surrounding the shaft shall be protected to prevent the entra
34、nce of contaminants.5.1.13.3 Lubricated bearings, including the permanent sealed type, shall be located outside the product contact surface area with adequate clearance open for inspection between the bearing and any product contact surface. A minimum clearance of 1.0 in (25 mm) is recommended. 5.1.
35、13.4 When provided, a shaft driving mechanism shall be securely mounted in a position that ensures a physical separation from product contact surfaces for cleaning and inspection.5.1.14 Sensor and sensor connectionsAll sensors and sensor connections having product contact surfaces shall be installed
36、 to avoid crevices and dead spaces and be drainable.5.1.15 Other connectionsAll pipelines and other appendages entering the mechanical belt conveyor shall be hygienically sealed and designed to prevent the ingress of soil.5.1.15.1 Pneumatic equipmentExhaust air shall be piped away from product conta
37、ct surface areas. Air directly contacting product or product contact surfaces shall meet the requirements of 3-A Accepted Practice, Number 604-05.5.1.16 Openings and covers5.1.16.1 Panels, covers, and doors shall be so designed that they avoid any adverse influence (e.g., entry and/or accumulation o
38、f soil) and shall be cleanable.5.1.16.2 If any exterior flange is incorporated in the opening, it shall slope and drain away from the opening.5.1.16.3 Covers shall be sloped to an outside edge(s).5.1.16.4 Hinges shall be able to be disassembled for cleaning and inspection. They shall not be of a con
39、tinuous (piano) type. 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 201495.1.17 Product contact with equipment fluids and lubricantsEquipment shall be designed, fabricated, and installed to prevent the ingress of unwanted fluids (e.g., lubricating and hydraulic fluids, and signal transfer liquids) into the prod
40、uct or onto product contact surfaces.5.1.18 BeltsBelts with fabric carcasses (substrate materials) shall have edges sealed with an acceptable compound. All fabric components of belting materials, including edges, shall have at least a 0.006 in (0.15 mm) thick cover of an acceptable material above th
41、e fabric and shall conform to the requirements of 4.2.2. Conveyor belts shall be designed to be endless. Solid, flat, non-modular belts shall not be joined by exposed stitching or alligator clips. Belts shall comply with 6.5.1.18.1 Belt accessoriesBelt accessories such as, but not limited to, guidin
42、g strips, flights, and spill edges shall comply with the applicable sections of this Standard. 5.1.19 Spraying devicesRadii on spraying devices may be less than 1/32in (0.031 in, 0.79 mm). When radii are less than 1/32in (0.031 in, 0.79 mm), the internal angles must be cleanable and inspectable.Ther
43、e shall be no exposed threads or crevices on product contact surfaces of high and low pressure spraying devices except where required for functional and safety reasons.5.2 Non-product contact surfaces5.2.1 GeneralMechanical belt conveyors shall be designed in such a manner as to prevent the retentio
44、n of moisture, ingress, and harborage of pests and soils, and to facilitate cleaning, inspection, servicing, and maintenance. Equipment shall be designed such that non-product surfaces can attain the required sanitization or sterilization conditions. The possibility of adverse galvanic reactions bet
45、ween dissimilar materials shall be taken into consideration.5.2.2 Cleaning and inspection Surfaces shall be cleanable. For equipment intended to be disassembled, the design shall ensure that relevant areas are easily accessible for cleaning and inspection and the demountable parts shall be easily re
46、movable. Alternatively, equipment may be designed to be cleaned in place. Cleaned in place equipment shall be designed to allow access for inspection after cleaning.Open belting and modular belting shall be exempt from the cleaning test procedures in Section 6 provided it can demonstrate acceptable
47、cleaning when provided with an integral mechanical cleaning device that is located so all exposed surfaces of the belting and sprockets are automatically cleaned. Cleaning solution catch pans or trays shall be designed to be self-draining and cleanable. All Belt surfaces, sprockets, catch pans and t
48、rays shall be accessible for inspection, except that:If the belt is of a size manageable by one person, is readily accessible and readily removable, it may be cleaned in a COP tank. 2015 NSF NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-3 2014105.2.3 JointsPermanent metal-to-metal joints shall be continuously welded wherever possible; when not possible, permanent metal-to-metal joints shall be completely sealed. Only in cases where welding or bonding is impractical, silver-soldering, press-fitting or shrink-fittings may be employed where necessary for essential functional reasons. Permanent metal-to-non
