1、 The following commercial specification is an original Parachute Industry Association specification. _ CLOTH, DUCK, PLIED-YARNS, DYED, ARMY DUCK The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by Industry and Government organizations that wish to apply this specification to
2、their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification covers dyed 8.25 oz. and 12.29 oz. cotton duck cloth. 1.2 Type designation. The cotton duck shall be of the following types as specified (see 6.1). Type I - 8.25 oz. Type II - 12.29 oz. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed i
3、n this section are specified in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification nor is it recommend for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, docum
4、ent users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of the documents cited in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government publications. 2.2.1 Government publications. The following Government publications form a part of this document (see
5、 2.4). STANDARDS FEDERAL FED-STD-4 - Glossary of Fabric Imperfections (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of the above specifications and standards are available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Electronic copies of Military
6、 and Federal standards and specifications may be obtained from https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.) PIA-C-2002A 10 March 2011 Superseding PIA-C-2002 03 May 2007 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Reserved. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Parac
7、hute Industry Association. Additional copies may be purchased on-line from the PIA Store at: . PIA-C-2002A Page 2 of 10 FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (FTC) 16 CFR 303 - Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (Copies are available online at: www.ftc.gov or from the Feder
8、al Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20580-0001. 2.3 Non-government publications. The following documents form a part of this document. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE COLORISTS AND CHEMISTS (AATCC) AATCC 8 - Colorfastness to Crocking; Crockmeter Method AATCC 81 - pH of
9、 the Water-Extract from Wet Processed Textiles AATCC 107 - Colorfastness to Water AATCC Evaluation Procedures: - 1 Gray Scale for Color Change - 2 Gray Scale for Staining - 8 AATCC 9 - Step Chromatic Transference Scale - 9 Visual Assessment of Color Difference Textiles (Application for copies should
10、 be addressed to the AATCC National Headquarters, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.aatcc.org .) ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM) ASTM D 629 - Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles ASTM D 1776 - Standard Practice for Cond
11、itioning and Testing Textiles ASTM D 3776 - Standard Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric ASTM D 5034 - Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) (Application for copies should be addressed to the ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr
12、ive, West Conshohoken, PA 19428-2959. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.astm.org.) 2.4 Revision levels of subsidiary documents. The documents listed in Section 2 shall be defined as subsidiary documents other Government publications and non-government publications. Unless otherwise specifie
13、d by the procuring activity, the revision level of subsidiary documents shall be of the latest level as listed in the Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information (ASSIST) database located at: https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. 2.5 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict be
14、tween the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this PIA-C-2002A Page 3 of 10 document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 First article. When s
15、pecified (see 6.2), a sample shall be subjected to first article inspection in accordance with 4.3. 3.2 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials. Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials should be used to the maximum extent possible, provided that the material
16、 meets or exceeds the operational and maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs. 3.3 Material. 3.3.1 Yarn. The yarn shall be cotton that has been carded, drawn, and spun into singles or twisted into plied yarns as specified in TABLE I. 3.4 Construction and phy
17、sical requirements. The cloth shall be as specified (see 6.1) and shall conform to the requirements specified in TABLE I when tested as specified in 4.4.3.TABLE I Physical requirements. Types Weight 2/(oz./ yd.2) Breaking strength 3/ (minimum, pounds) Minimum Maximum Warp 1/Filling 1/Type I 8.25 9.2
18、5 113 102 Type II 12.29 13.50 189 111 Notes: 1/ The warp yarns shall be plied and the filling yarns shall be singles or plied.2/ The fabric shall be tested for the weight requirement prior to dyeing. 3/ The fabric shall be tested for breaking strength requirement after dyeing. 3.4.1 Shuttleless loom
19、 selvages. When the cloth is woven on shuttleless looms, the fringed selvages shall be secured by a leno lock stitch. 3.4.2 Weave. The weave shall be plain, one up and one down. The use of a fly-shuttle or a shuttleless loom is permitted. 3.5 Nonfibrous material. The cloth shall contain not more tha
20、n 2.5 percent starch and protein content excluding chloroform-soluble and water-soluble material. The total sizing, finishing and other nonfibrous material content of the finished cloth shall not exceed 5.0 percent when tested as specified in 4.4.3. 3.6 pH. The pH value of the water extract of the d
21、yed and finished cloth shall not be less than 5.5 or more than 9.0 when tested as specified in 4.4.3. PIA-C-2002A Page 4 of 10 3.7 Dyeing. When dyed fabric is required, the use of dyes and compounds containing elementary sulfur capable of oxidation to sulfuric acid is prohibited. The dyestuffs shall
22、 be chosen and applied so that the dyed cloth shall show not more than a slight trace of labile sulfur when tested as specified in 4.4.4. 3.8 Color. The color of the finished cloth shall be as specified by the procuring activity. 3.8.1 Visual shade matching. The color of the dyed fabric shall match
23、the standard when viewed using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure 9, Option A, with sources simulating artificial daylight D75 illuminate with color temperature of 7500 200K, with illumination of 100 20 foot candles, and shall be a good match to the standard under incandescent lamplight at 2856 200K. No
24、te: When evaluating the shade of cloth, 4 layers shall be used. 3.8.2 Colorfastness. The dyed fabric shall show fastness to water and crocking as follows: Characteristic Rating, minimum Water 1/3-4 Crocking (Wet and Dry Staining) 2/3-4 Notes: 1/Rating using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure 1, Gray sca
25、le for Color Change and AATCC Evaluation Procedure 2, Gray Scale for Staining. 2/Rating using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure 8 and AATCC 9 Step Chromatic Transference Scale. 3.9 Dimensions. 3.9.1 Width. The width of the cloth shall be as specified in the procurement document (see 6.1). 3.9.2 Length
26、and put-up. Unless otherwise specified (see 6.1), the cloth shall be furnished in continuous lengths, each not less than 40 yards and shall be put-up on full width rolls as specified in 5.1. 3.10 Fiber identification. Each roll shall be labeled or ticketed for fiber content in accordance with the Te
27、xtile Fiber Products Identification Act. 3.11 Workmanship. The cloth shall conform to the quality of product established by this specification. The demerit point per 100 square yards, when calculated as specified in this Section 4, shall not exceed the established maximum point value. 3.12 Date of m
28、anufacture. The date of manufacture is defined as the date (month and year) of the last manufacturing process that affects the physical characteristics of the cloth. This would not include inspection or rewinding. 4. VERIFICATION PIA-C-2002A Page 5 of 10 4.1 Classification for inspection. Unless oth
29、erwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection requirements (examination and tests) as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor may use their own or any other facilities
30、suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements specified herein, unless disapproved by the procuring activity. The procuring activity reserves the right to perform any of the inspections set forth in this specification, where such inspections are deemed necessary, to ensure supplies and
31、 services conform to prescribed requirements. 4.1.1 Responsibility for compliance. All items shall meet all requirements of Section 3. The inspections set forth in this specification shall become a part of the contractors overall inspection system or quality program. The absence of any inspection re
32、quirements in the specification shall not relieve the contractor of the responsibility of ensuring that all products or supplies submitted to the procuring activity for acceptance comply with all requirement of the contract. Sampling inspection, as part of manufacturing operations, is an acceptable
33、practice to ascertain conformance to requirements, however, this does not authorize submission of known defective material, either indicated or actual, nor does it commit the procuring activity to accept defective material. 4.1.2 Certificate of Compliance. When Certificates of Compliance are submitt
34、ed, the procuring activity reserves the right to inspect such items to determine the validity of the certification. 4.2 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are classified as follows: a. First article inspection (see 4.3) b. Quality conformance inspection (see
35、4.4). 4.3 First article inspection. When a first article is required (see 3.1 and 6.2), it shall be examined for the defects specified in 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2 and tested for the characteristics specified in 4.4.3. 4.4 Quality conformance inspection. 4.4.1 Component and material inspection. In accorda
36、nce with 4.1, components and materials shall be inspected in accordance with all the requirements of referenced documents unless otherwise excluded, amended, modified, or qualified in this specification or applicable purchase documents. 4.4.2 End-item visual examination. 4.4.2.1 Yard-by-yard examina
37、tion. Each roll in the sample shall be examined on the face side only. When the total yardage in the roll does not exceed 100 yards, then entire yardage in the roll shall be examined. When the total yardage in the roll exceeds 100 yards, only 100 yards shall be examined. All defects, as defined in s
38、ection I of FED-STD-4, which are clearly PIA-C-2002A Page 6 of 10 noticeable at normal inspection distance (3 feet), shall be scored and assigned demerit points as listed in 4.4.2.1.2 with the following exceptions: Glossary numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 14, 26, 27 and 29 shall not be scored unless they exceed
39、 three times the thickness of the yarn. Misdraws and reed marks shall be scored if they result in a clearly noticeable separation of the warp yarns. Each knot or slub shall be scored as a defect only when it exceeds three times the normal yarn diameter. No linear yard (increments of 1 yard on the me
40、asuring device of the inspection machine) from any one roll within the sample shall be penalized more than four points. The sample shall be in accordance with the following: Lot size (yards) Sample size (rolls) 3,200 or less 8 3,201 up to and including 10,000 13 10,001 and over 20 The lot shall be u
41、nacceptable if the points per 100 square yards of the total yardage examined exceed 40 points. The lot shall be unacceptable if the points per 100 square yards of two or more individual rolls exceed 60 points. If one roll exceeds 60 points per 100 square yards, a second sample as previously stated s
42、hall be examined only for individual roll quality. The lot shall be unacceptable if one or more rolls in the second sample exceed 60 points per 100 square yards. Point computation for lot quality and individual roll quality shall be as follows: Total points scored in sample x 3600 = Points per 100 s
43、quare yards Contracted width of cloth (inches) x Total yards inspected 4.4.2.1.1 Small sized lot yard-by-yard examination. For lot sizes less than 3200 yards, when specified (see 6.1), the sample unit shall be in yards randomly selected from the rolls in the lot and the sample yardage shall be exami
44、ned on the face side only. The lot shall be unacceptable if the maximum points per sample are exceeded or if the sample yardage from any individual roll contains greater than 40 points per 100 square yards (using formula cited in 4.4.2.1). The sampling plan shall be as follows: Lot size (yards) Samp
45、le size (yards) Maximum points per sample 0-1,200 300 120 1,201-3,199 500 200 4.4.2.1.2 Demerit points. Demerit points shall be assigned as follows: - For defects 3 inches or less in any dimension. - one point - For defects exceeding 3 inches but not exceeding 6 inches in any dimension - two points
46、- For defects exceeding 6 inches but not exceeding 9 inches in any dimension - three points. PIA-C-2002A Page 7 of 10 The following defects, when present, shall be scored four points for each yard in which they occur: - Color not uniform, off shade - Poor dye penetration, mottled, streaky or cloudy
47、- Baggy, ridgy, or wavy cloth - Defects exceeding 9 inches in any dimension - Objectionable odor 1/- Excessive nappiness - Holes, cuts, or tears - Overall uncleanness - Selvages shall not ravel - Slack or tight selvages 2/. Notes: 1/Normal residual odor of chemicals commonly used to apply treatment
48、or dyestuff for finish or color shall not be regarded as objectionable. 2/To determine the presence of unacceptable selvage conditions, the following procedure shall be used: During the visual examination, the perch shall be stopped a minimum of three times for each roll in the sample, the tension r
49、emoved and the finished cloth examined for selvage conditions. Waviness in the selvage causing significant waviness or ripples within the body of the cloth is an indication of slack or tight selvages. 4.4.2.2 Length examination. 4.4.2.2.1 Individual Rolls. During the yard by yard examination, each roll in the sample shall be examined for length. Any roll found to be less than the minimum specified or more than 2 yards less than the length marked on the ti
