1、 The following commercial specification has been adopted from the original military document. Revision A includes all known accepted revisions, amendments, notices, and Department of Defense (DoD) engineering changes previously developed for this item. Revisions B and forward include changes adopted
2、 to reflect technology and design evolution. CLOTH, PARACHUTE, SYNTHETIC FIBER (FOR AMMUNITION PARACHUTES) The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by Industry and Government organizations that wish to apply this specification to their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. Th
3、is document covers three types of nylon cloth for the fabrication of ammunition and flare parachutes. 1.2 Classification. The cloth shall be of the following types (see 6.2): Type D - 0.88 oz. per sq. yd. Type G - 0.88 oz. per sq. yd. (ordnance) Type H - 2.20 oz. per sq. yd. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
4、2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the co
5、mpleteness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements cited in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government publications. 2.2.1 Government publications. The following Government publication forms part of this do
6、cument. FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (FTC) 16 CFR 303 - Rules and Regulations under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act PIA-C-498C 01 December 2011 Superseding PIA-C-498B 08 May 2008 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Reserved. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior writte
7、n permission from Parachute Industry Association. Additional copies may be purchased on-line from the PIA Store at: . PIA-C-498C Page 2 of 10 (Copies are available online at: www.ftc.gov or from the Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20580-0001. Electronic copies
8、 may also be obtained from http:/www.access.gpo.gov/.) 2.3 Non-government publications. The following documents form a part of this document. AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY (ASQ) ANSI/ASQZ1.4 - Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes (Copies are available online at: www.asq.org or
9、American Society For Quality, 600 North Plankinton Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53203.) ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM) ASTM D 276 - Standard Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in Textiles ASTM D 737 - Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics ASTM D 1776 - Standard Practice for Conditi
10、oning and Testing Textiles ASTM D 2261 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine) ASTM D 3775 - Standard Test Methods for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count of Woven Fabrics ASTM D 3776 - Standard Test
11、 Methods for Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric ASTM D 5034 - Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) (Application for copies should be addressed to ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19426-2959. Electronic copies may
12、be obtained from www.astm.org.) AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE CHEMISTS AND COLORISTS (AATCC) AATCC 8 - Colorfastness to Crocking: Crockmeter Method AATCC 20A - Fiber Analysis: Quantitative AATCC 81 - pH of the Water-Extract from Wet Processed Textiles AATCC 107 - Colorfastness to Water AATCC Evalu
13、ation Procedures: - 2 Gray Scale for Staining - 8 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale - 9 Visual Assessment of Color Difference Textiles (Applications for copies should be addressed to the AATCC National Headquarters, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215. Electronic copies may
14、 be obtained from www.aatcc.org.) PIA-C-498C Page 3 of 10 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document shall take precedence. Nothing in this document,
15、 however, shall supersede applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Material. 3.1.1 Yarn. The nylon yarn used in the manufacture of the cloth shall be a polyamide prepared from hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid or its derivatives and shall
16、 have a minimum melting point of 471F (244C) when tested as specified in 4.2.3. The yarn shall not be bleached in any manner or process. 3.1.2 Warp and filling yarns. The warp and filling yarns for Types D and G shall be 30 denier (nominal) multifilament. The warp and filling yarns for Type H shall
17、be 70 denier (nominal) multifilament when tested as specified in 4.2.3. 3.1.2.1 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials. Recycled, recovered, and environmentally preferable material should be used to the maximum extent possible, provided that the material meets or exceeds the op
18、erational and maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs. 3.1.3 Color. The color of the finished cloth and its referenced standard shall be as specified by the procuring activity (see 6.2). 3.1.3.1 Dyeing. When dyed fabric is required, the fabric shall be yarn
19、or piece dyed. 3.1.4 Visual shade matching. When evaluated in accordance with 4.7, the color of the dyed fabric shall match the standard when viewed with sources simulating artificial daylight, and shall be a good match to the standard under incandescent lamplight. 3.1.5 Colorfastness. When tested a
20、s specified in 4.5, the finished fabric shall show fastness to light and crocking as follows: Characteristic Rating, minimum Crocking, dry 1/3.5 Water 2/3-4 Notes: 1 /Rated using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure 8, AATCC-9 Step Chromatic Transference Scale. 2/Rated using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure
21、 2, Gray Scale for Staining. 3.2 Physical requirements. The physical requirements of the finished cloth shall be as specified in TABLE I when tested as specified in 4.2.3. PIA-C-498C Page 4 of 10 TABLE I Physical requirements. Characteristic Type D Type G 1/Type H Weight (ounces per sq. yd.), maximu
22、m 0.88 0.88 2.20 Breaking strength (pounds), minimum: Warp Filling 40 40 40 40 65 65 Tearing strength (pounds), minimum: Warp Filling 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 5.0 4.1 Elongation (percent), minimum: Warp Filling 20 20 20 20 - - Air permeability (CFM) 2/300 to 500 200 to 325 40 to 80 Yarns per inch: Warp Filli
23、ng 93 3 93 3 93 3 93 3 104 (minimum) 91 (minimum) Note: 1/For signal parachute ordnance Part No. 8797994 and other applications as may be specified by the responsible authority. 2/Type G modified has an air permeability of 100-200CFM. 3.2.1 Weave. The weave shall be plain. 3.2.2 Width. The width of
24、the cloth shall be as specified (see 6.2) and shall be the minimum acceptable width inclusive of the selvage when fly-shuttle looms or shuttleless with tuck-in selvage are used. For all other shuttleless looms, the width measurement shall be made between the last warp yarn on each side excluding pro
25、truding fringe(s). 3.3 Finish. The cloth shall be scoured to remove sizing and other contaminants. The cloth shall be heat treated and may be calendered at such temperature and pressure as required to control the air permeability to the level required by this document. Where calendering is required,
26、 the fabric shall be turned over with each calender run. The cloth covered by this specification shall not be bleached, resinated or treated with oxalic or phosphoric acid in any manner or process. PIA-C-498C Page 5 of 10 3.3.1 pH. The pH of the water extract of the finished cloth shall not be lower
27、 than 5.5 or more than 9.0 when tested as specified in 4.5.5. 3.3.2 Nonfibrous material. The nonfibrous material content of the finished cloth shall not exceed 1.0 percent when tested as specified in 4.5.5. 3.4 Length and put-up. The cloth shall be put up in full width rolls as specified in 5.1, and
28、 no roll shall contain more than 3 pieces. 3.4.1 Types D, G, and H. Unless otherwise specified (see 6.2), a shippers roll shall be a minimum of 100 yards with a minimum piece size of 75 yards for Types D, G and H cloth. A shippers roll shall have a maximum of two splices with no more than 10 percent
29、 of the yards ordered containing splices. 3.5 Identification. 3.5.1 Identification of fiber. Each roll of finished fabric shall be labeled or ticketed and invoiced for fiber content in accordance with the Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act. 3.5.2 Identification
30、 of product. Each roll of finished cloth shall be marked for identification in accordance with good commercial practice. In addition, each piece of cloth in each roil shall be clearly and legibly marked with the finishers roll number, or code, and roll shall have attached a durable tag on which the
31、finishers roll number, or code, is listed. The date of manufacture (see 3.7) of the cloth shall be included on the tag attached to each roll. 3.6 Workmanship. The finished cloth shall be clean and evenly woven and shall conform to the quality and grade of product established by this specification, a
32、nd the occurrence of defects shall not exceed the applicable Acceptance Quality Limit. The finished cloth shall not show spottiness or be off shade of the standard range. The finished cloth shall not have an objectionable odor (Normal residual odor of chemicals commonly used shall not be regarded as
33、 objectionable.). 3.7 Date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is defined as the date (month and year) of the last manufacturing processing that affects the physical characteristics of the cloth. This would not include slitting, inspection or rewinding. 3.8 First article. When specified (see 6.2
34、), a sample representative of the production quality shall be subjected to the first article inspection in accordance with 4.3. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for inspection. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor is responsible for the perfo
35、rmance of all inspection requirements as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor may use their own or any other facilities suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements specified herein, unless disapproved by the procuring activ
36、ity. The procuring PIA-C-498C Page 6 of 10 activity reserves the right to perform any of the inspections set forth in this document where such inspections are deemed necessary to assure supplies and services conform to prescribed requirements. 4.1.1 Responsibility for compliance. All items must meet
37、 all requirements of Sections 3 and 5. The inspections set forth in this document shall become a part of the contractors overall inspection system or quality program. The absence of any inspection requirement in the document shall not relieve the contractor of the responsibility of assuring that all
38、 products or supplies submitted to the procuring activity for acceptance comply with all requirements of the contract. Sampling in quality conformance does not authorize submission of known defective material, either indicated or actual, nor does it commit the procuring activity to acceptance of def
39、ective material. 4.1.2 Certificates of compliance. When certificates of compliance are submitted, the procuring activity reserves the right to inspect such items to determine the validity of the certification. 4.2 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are classi
40、fied as follows: a. First article inspection (see 4.3) b. Conformance inspection and testing (see 4.4.and 4.5). 4.3 First article inspection. When a first article is required (see 3.8 and 6.2), it shall be examined for the defects specified in paragraphs 4.5.1-4.8, and tested for all requirements in
41、 TABLE III. 4.4 Conformance inspection. Sampling for inspection shall be performed as specified in this document unless otherwise specified in the contract or order (see 6.2). Unless otherwise specified, sampling for inspection shall be performed in accordance with ANSI/ASQ Z1.4. 4.4.1 Component and
42、 material inspection. In accordance with 4.1, components and materials shall be inspected and tested in accordance with all the requirements of referenced documents, unless otherwise specified by the procuring activity. 4.5 End item inspection. 4.5.1 Yard-by-yard examination. The required yardage of
43、 each roll shall be examined, and the defects clearly noticeable at normal inspection distance (3 feet), shall be counted regardless of their proximity to each other. A continuous defect shall be counted as one defect for each warpwise yard or fraction thereof in which it occurs. The lot size shall
44、be expressed in units of yards. The sample unit shall be 1 linear yard. Acceptance sampling plan shall be determined by using Inspection Level II with an Acceptance Quality Limit (AQL) of 4.0. The number of rolls from which the sample is to be selected shall be in accordance with TABLE II. An approx
45、imately equal number of yards shall be examined from each roll sampled. Defects Description Multiple floats - Three or more, extending inch or more in length PIA-C-498C Page 7 of 10 Hole, cut, or tear - inch or more Broken or missing yarn - Three or more contiguous, 6 inches or more in length Spot,
46、stain, or streak - Exceeding 3 square inches in area Open place - Stripe of no filling exceeding inch in width Width - Less than specified 4.5.2 Examination for labeling of rolls. During the yard-by-yard examination, each roll in the sample shall be examined for compliance with the Textile Fiber Pro
47、ducts Identification Act. The lot shall be unacceptable if two or more rolls in the sample are not labeled or ticketed in accordance with the Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act. 4.5.3 Length examination. Each roll of cloth used in the yard-by-yard examination s
48、hall be examined for the defects listed below. If the total number of defects in the sample rolls exceeds the applicable acceptance number specified in TABLE II or if the total of the actual lengths of the sample rolls is less than the total of the lengths marked on the roll tickets, the lot shall b
49、e rejected. Defects - Any gross length less than the specified minimum length - Any gross length more than 2 yards less than the gross length marked on the roll ticket - Any roll containing more than the specified maximum number of pieces TABLE II Lot size and acceptance criteria. Lot size (yards) Sample size (rolls) Acceptance number 1/3200 or less 3201 up to and including 10,000 10,001 up to and including 60,000 60,001 up to and including 150,000 150,001 and over 2 3 5 8 13 0 0 0 1 1 Note: 1/Applicable to length examination only (see 4.2.2.3). 4.5.4 Examinatio
