1、 The following commercial specification is originally adopted from the military documents. Revision A includes all known accepted revisions, amendments, notices, and Department of Defense (DoD) engineering changes previously developed for this item. Revisions B and forward include changes adopted to
2、 reflect technology and design evolution. CLOTH, DUCK, NYLON The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by Industry and Government organizations that wish to apply this specification to their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification covers the requirements for n
3、ylon cloth woven for use in the manufacture of parachute packs and other military items. 1.2 Type designation. The cloth covered by this specification shall be of the following Types and Classes, as specified in 6.2: Type I - 9.5 oz./sq. yd. maximum Type II - 8.75 oz./sq. yd. maximum (not applicable
4、 for Air Force procurement) Type III - 7.25 oz./sq. yd. maximum Class 1 - Untreated Class 2 - Nondurable water repellent treated Class 3 - Durable water repellent treated Class 4 - Durable water repellent with IR requirements Class 5 - Woodland camouflage and Quarpel water repellent treated (Type II
5、I only) Class 6 - Universal camouflage and Quarpel water repellent treated (Type III only). 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this speci
6、fication nor is it recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of the documents cited in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or
7、 not they are listed. 2.2 Government publications. PIA-C-7219C 09 April 2013 Superseding PIA-C-7219B 12 April 2007 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Reserved. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Parachute Industry Association. Additional copies may be
8、 purchased on-line from PIA Specifications and Products at: . Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C 2.2.1 Government publications. The following Government publications form a part of this document. STANDARDS FEDERAL FED-STD-4 - Glossary of Fabric Imperfections FED-STD-595 - Colors Used in Go
9、vernment Procurement (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of the above and standards are available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (FTC) 16 CFR Part 1500 - Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulatio
10、ns 29 CFR Part 1910 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards (Copies are available online at: www.ftc.gov or from the Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20580-0001.) Title 40, part 798.4470 (Primary Dermal Irritation). (This reference may be found on the Intern
11、et at: www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-table-search.html.) DRAWINGS U.S. Army Soldier Systems Center 2-1-1516B - Woodland Pattern, 60-inches 2-1-2519 - Universal Camouflage Pattern, 60-inches 2-1-2519-1 - ARPAT Camouflage Pattern Desert Sand 500 2-1-2519-2 - ARPAT Camouflage Pattern Urban Gray 501 2
12、-1-2519-3 - ARPAT Camouflage Pattern Foliage Green 502 2.3 Non-government publications. The following documents form a part of this document. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE CHEMISTS AND COLORISTS (AATCC) AATCC 8 - Colorfastness to Crocking; Crockmeter Method AATCC 16 - Colorfastness to Light AATCC
13、20 - Fiber Analysis: Qualitative AATCC 22 - Water Repellency: Spray Test AATCC 61 - Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated AATCC 81 - pH of the Water-Extract from Wet Processed Textiles AATCC 96 - Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool AATCC 119 - Fro
14、sting (Color Change Due to Flat Abrasion): Screen Wire Method Page 2 of 13 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C AATCC 127 - Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test AATCC 132 - Colorfastness to Dry-cleaning AATCC Evaluation Procedures: - 1 Gray Scale for color Change - 2 Gray Scale for St
15、aining - 8 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale - 9 Visual Assessment of Color Difference Textiles. (Applications for copies should be addressed to the AATCC National Headquarters, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.aatcc.org.) ASTM
16、 INTERNATIONAL (ASTM) ASTM D 737 - Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics ASTM D 1776 - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles ASTM D 2261 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Te
17、nsile Testing Machine) ASTM D 3775 - Standard Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count of Woven Fabrics ASTM D 3776 - Standard Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Woven Fabric ASTM D 5035 - Standard Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method
18、) (Application for copies should be addressed to the ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.astm.org .) PARACHUTE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION (PIA) PIA-C-7020 - CLOTH, PARACHUTE, NYLON-RIPSTOP AND TWILL WEAVE PIA-TEST METHOD-5
19、03 - PERMANENCE OF SET AND SHRINKAGE IN PARACHUTE FABRIC (BOILED WATER TEST METHOD) (Electronic copies may be obtained from .) MISCELLANEOUS Principles and Methods of Toxicology, A. Wallace Hayes (editor), 1989, pp 394-396 (Applications for copies of referenced documents should be addressed to Raven
20、 Press, 1185 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036.) 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document take precedence. Nothing in this document, howe
21、ver, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. Page 3 of 13 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Standard. The cloth shall, unless otherwise indicated (see 3.5.1), match the standard for shade and appearance and shall be equ
22、al to or better than the standard with respect to all characteristics for which the standard is referenced (see 6.3). 3.2 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials. Recycled, recovered, and environmentally preferable material should be used to the maximum extent possible, provided
23、 that the material meets or exceeds the operational and maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs. 3.2.1 First article. When specified (see 6.2), a sample representative of the production quality shall be submitted for first article inspection in accordance wi
24、th 4.2. 3.3 Yarn. The yarn for Types I and III cloth shall be bright, high tenacity nylon, filament for both warp and filling. For Type II cloth, the warp yarn shall be bright high tenacity filament, and the filling yarn shall be bright or semi-dull nylon staple of such staple length and denier to c
25、onform to the requirements of this specification. The nylon filament yarn used in the manufacture of cloth shall be bright, high tenacity, light and heat resistant, polyamide. A polyamide (nylon) with a melting point of at least 392F (200C) shall be used for all Types and Classes, except for Type II
26、I. The yarn used for Type III shall have a minimum melting point of 471F (244C). The yarn shall not be bleached in any manner or in any subsequent process. 3.4 Construction and physical properties. The construction and physical properties shall be as specified in TABLE I when tested as specified in
27、TABLE III. The use of fly-shuttle or shuttleless looms is permitted. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 4 of 13 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C TABLE I Physical requirements. Characteristics Requirements Type I Type II 1/Type III Weave Plain, 1 up and 1 down Plain, 1 up and 1 do
28、wn Plain, 1 up and 1 down Weight, oz. per sq. yd, maximum 9.50 8.75 7.25 Yarns per inch, minimum: Warp Filling 80 78 60 38 38 45 Breaking strength, lbs. minimum: Warp 400 400 325 Filling 300 150 275 Tearing strength, lbs. minimum (Tongue): Warp 35 35 20 Filling 45 20 20 Air Permeability 2/, cubic fe
29、et per minute per square feet at 1/2 inch water pressure, maximum 5.0 5.0 8.0 Water resistance spray rating 2/, minimum three determinations (individual values): Initial After three launderings 2/80,80,80 80,80,70 90,90,80 70,70, 70 70,70,70 80,80,80 Water resistance, low, range, hydrostatic 2/ pres
30、sure, cm. of water, minimum 25 30 20 Shrinkage, percent, maximum: Warp 2.5 2.5 3.0 Filling 2.0 2.0 3.0 Notes: 1/ Not applicable for Air Force procurement. 2/Not applicable to Classes 1 and 2. 3.5 Color. The color of the finished cloth shall be as specified by the procuring activity and shall match t
31、he standard (see 6.3). 3.5.1 Visual shade matching. When evaluated in accordance with 4.5.5, the color of the dyed fabric shall match the standard when viewed with sources simulating artificial daylight, and shall be a good match to the standard under incandescent lamplight. 3.5.2 Colorfastness. The
32、 dyed fabric shall show fastness to light, laundering and dry cleaning (see 3.5.2.1 and 3.5.2.2). 3.5.2.1 Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4. The finished cloth shall show fastness to light, laundering and dry cleaning equal to or better than the standard. When no standard is available the finished cloth shall h
33、ave a rating of 3-4 on the AATCC Gray Scale for color change as specified in TABLE III. The Page 5 of 13 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C cloth shall show fastness to crocking equal to or better than the standard or shall have an AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale rating not lower than 3
34、.5 when tested as specified in TABLE III. 3.5.2.2 Class 5. The Woodland camouflage printed and finished cloth shall show fastness to light, laundering and dry cleaning equal to or better than the standard. When no standard is available the finished cloth shall have a rating of 3-4 on the AATCC Gray
35、Scale for color change for each of the pattern areas, except Black 357 which shall have a rating of 2-3 on the AATCC Gray Scale for color change when tested as specified in TABLE III. The cloth shall show fastness to crocking equal to or better than the standard or shall have an AATCC Chromatic Tran
36、sference Scale rating not lower than 3.5 for all the pattern areas, except Black 357 which shall have an AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale rating not lower than 1.5. When carbon black is used alone or in combination with other dyes for Black 357, the resistance to frosting of the printed cloth shal
37、l be equal to or better than the standard when tested as specified in TABLE III. 3.5.2.3 Class 6. The Universal camouflage printed and finished cloth shall show fastness to light, laundering and dry cleaning equal to or better than the standard. When no standard is available the finished cloth shall
38、 have a rating of “good” or 3-4 on the AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change and Color Transfer for each of the pattern areas, except fastness to light shall be equal to or better than rating of 3 for Color Change. The finished cloth shall show fastness to crocking equal to or better than the standard o
39、r shall have an AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale rating of not lower than 3.5 for all the pattern areas. Testing shall be as specified in 4.4. 3.5.3 Infrared spectral reflectance/Infrared Reflective Resistance (IRR). Spectral reflectance/Infrared Reflective Resistance (IRR) requirements will be es
40、tablished by the procuring activity. When spectral reflectance is required, see Para 4.5.2 for the test method. 3.5.3.1 Pattern execution, Class 6. The pattern of the finished cloth shall match the Universal camouflage pattern drawing (see 2.2.2 and 6.2). The warpwise pattern repeat of the dyed, pri
41、nted, and finished cloth shall be 36 +1.25 -2.50 inches. Each pattern shall show solid coverage; skitteriness exceeding that shown by the standard in any of the printed areas will not be acceptable. 3.6 Finish. The cloth shall not be bleached in any manner or process. 3.6.1 Water resistance. 3.6.1.1
42、 Class 2. The Class 2 cloth shall be given a non-durable water-repellent treatment. The non-durable type water-repellents shall consist of aluminum salts of saturated carboxylic acids (such as formate, acetate, palmitate or stearate), zirconium salts of such saturated carboxylic acids, or a combinat
43、ion of both, mixed with refined mineral and vegetable waxes, titanate esters, or a combination of both. The product shall be applied either in the form of an aqueous emulsion or in the form of a water free solvent solution. 3.6.1.2 Classes 3 and 4. The Class 3 and 4 cloths shall be given a nontoxic
44、durable water-repellent treatment in accordance with Section 3.11. 3.6.1.3 Classes 5 and 6. The Class 5 and 6 shall be given a Quarpel water repellent treatment. 3.6.2 Resistance to organic liquid (Class 5 and 6 only). The Class 5 and 6 finished cloths shall show no wetting by n-dodecane when tested
45、 as specified in Section 4.4.3. Page 6 of 13 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7219C 3.7 Dimensions and identification. 3.7.1 Width. The width of the cloth shall be as specified (see 6.2). The minimum acceptable width shall be inclusive of the woven selvage when fly-shuttle looms are used and e
46、xclusive of the lock-in selvage when shuttleless looms are used. Cut, raw edges shall not be permitted. 3.7.2 Length and put up. Unless otherwise specified (see 6.2) the cloth shall be in one continuous piece of not less than 40 yards and shall be put up in rolls in accordance with good commercial p
47、ractice. The number of pieces in the roll shall be indicated on the piece ticket. 3.7.3 Identification of product. Each roll of finished cloth shall be marked for identification in accordance with good commercial practice. Each roll shall be clearly and legibly marked with the finishers roll number
48、or code, and each roll shall have attached a durable tag on which the finishers roll number or code is listed. The date of manufacture (see 3.12.1) of the cloth shall be included on the tag attached to each roll. 3.8 pH. The pH value of the water extract of the finished cloth shall be no less than 5
49、.5 nor more than 9.0 when tested as specified in TABLE III. 3.9 Fiber identification. Each roll of nylon cloth shall be labeled, ticketed, or invoiced for fiber content in accordance with the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act. 3.10 Workmanship. The finished cloth shall conform to the quality established by this specification. The demerit points per 100 square yards when calculated as specified in Section 4 shall not exceed the established maximum point value. 3.11 Toxicity
